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Java如何获取系统cpu、内存、硬盘信息
1 概述
前段时间摸索在Java中怎么获取系统信息包括cpu、内存、硬盘信息等，刚开始使用Java自带的包进行获取，但这样获取的内存信息不够准确并且容易出现找不到相应包等错误，所以后面使用sigar插件进行获取。下面列举出了这两种方式获取系统信息的方式及代码。
2 使用Java自带包获取系统信息
2.1 使用Java自带包获取系统信息代码如下：
2.1.1 Bytes.java
public class Bytes { public static String substring(String src, int start_idx, int end_idx){ byte[] b = src.getBytes(); String tgt = ""; for(int i=start_idx; i<=end_idx; i++){ tgt +=(char)b[i]; } return tgt; }}
2.1.2 IMonitorService.java
public interface IMonitorService { public MonitorInfoBean getMonitorInfoBean() throws Exception;}
2.1.3 MonitorInfoBean.java
public class MonitorInfoBean { private long totalMemory; private long freeMemory; private long maxMemory; private String osName; private long totalMemorySize; private long freePhysicalMemorySize; private long usedMemory; private int totalThread; private double cpuRatio; public long getFreeMemory() { return freeMemory; } public void setFreeMemory(long freeMemory) { this.freeMemory = freeMemory; } public long getFreePhysicalMemorySize() { return freePhysicalMemorySize; } public void setFreePhysicalMemorySize(long freePhysicalMemorySize) { this.freePhysicalMemorySize = freePhysicalMemorySize; } public long getMaxMemory() { return maxMemory; } public void setMaxMemory(long maxMemory) { this.maxMemory = maxMemory; } public String getOsName() { return osName; } public void setOsName(String osName) { this.osName = osName; } public long getTotalMemory() { return totalMemory; } public void setTotalMemory(long totalMemory) { this.totalMemory = totalMemory; } public long getTotalMemorySize() { return totalMemorySize; } public void setTotalMemorySize(long totalMemorySize) { this.totalMemorySize = totalMemorySize; } public int getTotalThread() { return totalThread; } public void setTotalThread(int totalThread) { this.totalThread = totalThread; } public long getUsedMemory() { return usedMemory; } public void setUsedMemory(long usedMemory) { this.usedMemory = usedMemory; } public double getCpuRatio() { return cpuRatio; } public void setCpuRatio(double cpuRatio) { this.cpuRatio = cpuRatio; }}
2.1.4
import java.io.InputStreamReader;import java.io.LineNumberReader;//import sun.management.ManagementFactory;//import com.sun.management.OperatingSystemMXBean;import java.io.*;import java.lang.management.ManagementFactory;import java.util.StringTokenizer;public class MonitorServiceImpl implements IMonitorService { private static final int CPUTIME = 30; private static final int PERCENT = 100; private static final int FAULTLENGTH = 10; private static final File versionFile = new File("/proc/version"); private static String linuxVersion = null; public MonitorInfoBean getMonitorInfoBean() throws Exception { int kb = 1024; long totalMemory = Runtime.getRuntime().totalMemory() / kb; long freeMemory = Runtime.getRuntime().freeMemory() / kb; long maxMemory = Runtime.getRuntime().maxMemory() / kb; // OperatingSystemMXBean osmxb = (OperatingSystemMXBean) // ManagementFactory // .getOperatingSystemMXBean(); // String osName = System.getProperty("os.name"); // long totalMemorySize = osmxb.getTotalPhysicalMemorySize() / kb; // long freePhysicalMemorySize = osmxb.getFreePhysicalMemorySize() / kb; // long usedMemory = (osmxb.getTotalPhysicalMemorySize() - osmxb // .getFreePhysicalMemorySize()) / kb; ThreadGroup parentThread; for (parentThread = Thread.currentThread().getThreadGroup(); parentThread.getParent() != null; parentThread = parentThread.getParent()); int totalThread = parentThread.activeCount(); double cpuRatio = 0; // if (osName.toLowerCase().startsWith("windows")) { // cpuRatio = this.getCpuRatioForWindows(); // } else { // cpuRatio = this.getCpuRateForLinux(); // } MonitorInfoBean infoBean = new MonitorInfoBean(); infoBean.setFreeMemory(freeMemory); // infoBean.setFreePhysicalMemorySize(freePhysicalMemorySize); infoBean.setMaxMemory(maxMemory); // infoBean.setOsName(osName); infoBean.setTotalMemory(totalMemory); // infoBean.setTotalMemorySize(totalMemorySize); infoBean.setTotalThread(totalThread); // infoBean.setUsedMemory(usedMemory); infoBean.setCpuRatio(cpuRatio); return infoBean; } private static double getCpuRateForLinux() { InputStream is = null; InputStreamReader isr = null; BufferedReader brStat = null; StringTokenizer tokenStat = null; try { System.out.println("Get usage rate of CUP , linux version: " + linuxVersion); Process process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec("top -b -n 1"); is = process.getInputStream(); isr = new InputStreamReader(is); brStat = new BufferedReader(isr); if (linuxVersion.equals("2.4")) { brStat.readLine(); brStat.readLine(); brStat.readLine(); brStat.readLine(); tokenStat = new StringTokenizer(brStat.readLine()); tokenStat.nextToken(); tokenStat.nextToken(); String user = tokenStat.nextToken();
tokenStat.nextToken(); String system = tokenStat.nextToken(); tokenStat.nextToken(); String nice = tokenStat.nextToken(); System.out.println(user + " , " + system + " , " + nice); user = user.substring(0, user.indexOf("%")); system = system.substring(0, system.indexOf("%")); nice = nice.substring(0, nice.indexOf("%")); float userUsage = new Float(user).floatValue(); float systemUsage = new Float(system).floatValue(); float niceUsage = new Float(nice).floatValue();
return (userUsage + systemUsage + niceUsage) / 100;
} else { brStat.readLine(); brStat.readLine(); tokenStat = new StringTokenizer(brStat.readLine()); tokenStat.nextToken(); tokenStat.nextToken(); tokenStat.nextToken(); tokenStat.nextToken(); tokenStat.nextToken(); tokenStat.nextToken(); tokenStat.nextToken(); String cpuUsage = tokenStat.nextToken(); System.out.println("CPU idle : " + cpuUsage); Float usage = new Float(cpuUsage.substring(0, cpuUsage.indexOf("%"))); return (1 - usage.floatValue() / 100); } } catch (IOException ioe) { System.out.println(ioe.getMessage()); freeResource(is, isr, brStat); return 1; } finally { freeResource(is, isr, brStat); } } private static void freeResource(InputStream is, InputStreamReader isr, BufferedReader br) { try { if (is != null) is.close(); if (isr != null) isr.close(); if (br != null) br.close(); } catch (IOException ioe) { System.out.println(ioe.getMessage()); } } private double getCpuRatioForWindows() { try { String procCmd = System.getenv("windir") + "\\system32\\wbem\\wmic.exe process get Caption,CommandLine," + "KernelModeTime,ReadOperationCount,ThreadCount,UserModeTime,WriteOperationCount"; long[] c0 = readCpu(Runtime.getRuntime().exec(procCmd)); Thread.sleep(CPUTIME); long[] c1 = readCpu(Runtime.getRuntime().exec(procCmd)); if (c0 != null && c1 != null) { long idletime = c1[0] - c0[0]; long busytime = c1[1] - c0[1]; return Double.valueOf( PERCENT * (busytime) / (busytime + idletime)).doubleValue(); } else { return 0.0; } } catch (Exception ex) { ex.printStackTrace(); return 0.0; } } private long[] readCpu(final Process proc) { long[] retn = new long[2]; try { proc.getOutputStream().close(); InputStreamReader ir = new InputStreamReader(proc.getInputStream()); LineNumberReader input = new LineNumberReader(ir); String line = input.readLine(); if (line == null || line.length() < FAULTLENGTH) { return null; } int capidx = line.indexOf("Caption"); int cmdidx = line.indexOf("CommandLine"); int rocidx = line.indexOf("ReadOperationCount"); int umtidx = line.indexOf("UserModeTime"); int kmtidx = line.indexOf("KernelModeTime"); int wocidx = line.indexOf("WriteOperationCount"); long idletime = 0; long kneltime = 0; long usertime = 0; while ((line = input.readLine()) != null) { if (line.length() < wocidx) { continue; } String caption = Bytes.substring(line, capidx, cmdidx - 1) .trim(); String cmd = Bytes.substring(line, cmdidx, kmtidx - 1).trim(); if (cmd.indexOf("wmic.exe") >= 0) { continue; } // log.info("line="+line); if (caption.equals("System Idle Process") || caption.equals("System")) { idletime += Long.valueOf( Bytes.substring(line, kmtidx, rocidx - 1).trim()).longValue(); idletime += Long.valueOf( Bytes.substring(line, umtidx, wocidx - 1).trim()).longValue(); continue; } kneltime += Long.valueOf( Bytes.substring(line, kmtidx, rocidx - 1).trim()).longValue(); usertime += Long.valueOf( Bytes.substring(line, umtidx, wocidx - 1).trim()).longValue(); } retn[0] = idletime; retn[1] = kneltime + usertime; return retn; } catch (Exception ex) { ex.printStackTrace(); } finally { try { proc.getInputStream().close(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } return null; } public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { IMonitorService service = new MonitorServiceImpl(); MonitorInfoBean monitorInfo = service.getMonitorInfoBean(); System.out.println("cpu percent: " + monitorInfo.getCpuRatio()); System.out.println("can use memory: " + monitorInfo.getTotalMemory()); System.out.println("ideal memory: " + monitorInfo.getFreeMemory()); System.out.println("largest memory: " + monitorInfo.getMaxMemory()); System.out.println("all memory: " + monitorInfo.getTotalMemorySize() + "kb"); System.out.println("ideal memory: " + monitorInfo.getFreeMemory() + "kb"); System.out.println("used memory: " + monitorInfo.getUsedMemory() + "kb"); System.out.println("thread num: " + monitorInfo.getTotalThread() + "kb"); }}
2.2 执行结果如下图所示：
3 使用sigar获取系统信息
3.1 下载安装sigar-1.6.4.zip
使用java自带的包获取系统数据，容易找不到包，尤其是内存信息不够准确，所以选择使用sigar获取系统信息。
下载地址：http://sourceforge.net/projects/sigar/files/latest/download?source=files
解压压缩包，将lib下sigar.jar导入eclipse的CLASSPATH中，再将sigar-x86-winnt.dll存入Java的bin目录即可。
3.2 代码实现如下：
import java.net.InetAddress;import java.net.UnknownHostException;import java.util.Map;import java.util.Properties;import org.hyperic.sigar.CpuInfo;import org.hyperic.sigar.CpuPerc;import org.hyperic.sigar.FileSystem;import org.hyperic.sigar.FileSystemUsage;import org.hyperic.sigar.Mem;import org.hyperic.sigar.NetFlags;import org.hyperic.sigar.NetInterfaceConfig;import org.hyperic.sigar.NetInterfaceStat;import org.hyperic.sigar.OperatingSystem;import org.hyperic.sigar.Sigar;import org.hyperic.sigar.SigarException;import org.hyperic.sigar.Swap;import org.hyperic.sigar.Who; public class RuntimeTest { public static void main(String[] args) { try { // System信息，从jvm获取 property(); System.out.println("----------------------------------"); // cpu信息 cpu(); System.out.println("----------------------------------"); // 内存信息 memory(); System.out.println("----------------------------------"); // 操作系统信息 os(); System.out.println("----------------------------------"); // 用户信息 who(); System.out.println("----------------------------------"); // 文件系统信息 file(); System.out.println("----------------------------------"); // 网络信息 net(); System.out.println("----------------------------------"); // 以太网信息 ethernet(); System.out.println("----------------------------------"); } catch (Exception e1) { e1.printStackTrace(); } } private static void property() throws UnknownHostException { Runtime r = Runtime.getRuntime(); Properties props = System.getProperties(); InetAddress addr; addr = InetAddress.getLocalHost(); String ip = addr.getHostAddress(); Map<String, String> map = System.getenv(); String userName = map.get("USERNAME");// 获取用户名 String computerName = map.get("COMPUTERNAME");// 获取计算机名 String userDomain = map.get("USERDOMAIN");// 获取计算机域名 System.out.println("用户名: " + userName); System.out.println("计算机名: " + computerName); System.out.println("计算机域名: " + userDomain); System.out.println("本地ip地址: " + ip); System.out.println("本地主机名: " + addr.getHostName()); System.out.println("JVM可以使用的总内存: " + r.totalMemory()); System.out.println("JVM可以使用的剩余内存: " + r.freeMemory()); System.out.println("JVM可以使用的处理器个数: " + r.availableProcessors()); System.out.println("Java的运行环境版本： " + props.getProperty("java.version")); System.out.println("Java的运行环境供应商： " + props.getProperty("java.vendor")); System.out.println("Java供应商的URL： " + props.getProperty("java.vendor.url")); System.out.println("Java的安装路径： " + props.getProperty("java.home")); System.out.println("Java的虚拟机规范版本： " + props.getProperty("java.vm.specification.version")); System.out.println("Java的虚拟机规范供应商： " + props.getProperty("java.vm.specification.vendor")); System.out.println("Java的虚拟机规范名称： " + props.getProperty("java.vm.specification.name")); System.out.println("Java的虚拟机实现版本： " + props.getProperty("java.vm.version")); System.out.println("Java的虚拟机实现供应商： " + props.getProperty("java.vm.vendor")); System.out.println("Java的虚拟机实现名称： " + props.getProperty("java.vm.name")); System.out.println("Java运行时环境规范版本： " + props.getProperty("java.specification.version")); System.out.println("Java运行时环境规范供应商： " + props.getProperty("java.specification.vender")); System.out.println("Java运行时环境规范名称： " + props.getProperty("java.specification.name")); System.out.println("Java的类格式版本号： " + props.getProperty("java.class.version")); System.out.println("Java的类路径： " + props.getProperty("java.class.path")); System.out.println("加载库时搜索的路径列表： " + props.getProperty("java.library.path")); System.out.println("默认的临时文件路径： " + props.getProperty("java.io.tmpdir")); System.out.println("一个或多个扩展目录的路径： " + props.getProperty("java.ext.dirs")); System.out.println("操作系统的名称： " + props.getProperty("os.name")); System.out.println("操作系统的构架： " + props.getProperty("os.arch")); System.out.println("操作系统的版本： " + props.getProperty("os.version")); System.out.println("文件分隔符： " + props.getProperty("file.separator")); System.out.println("路径分隔符： " + props.getProperty("path.separator")); System.out.println("行分隔符： " + props.getProperty("line.separator")); System.out.println("用户的账户名称： " + props.getProperty("user.name")); System.out.println("用户的主目录： " + props.getProperty("user.home")); System.out.println("用户的当前工作目录： " + props.getProperty("user.dir")); } private static void memory() throws SigarException { Sigar sigar = new Sigar(); Mem mem = sigar.getMem(); // 内存总量 System.out.println("内存总量: " + mem.getTotal() / 1024L + "K av"); // 当前内存使用量 System.out.println("当前内存使用量: " + mem.getUsed() / 1024L + "K used"); // 当前内存剩余量 System.out.println("当前内存剩余量: " + mem.getFree() / 1024L + "K free"); Swap swap = sigar.getSwap(); // 交换区总量 System.out.println("交换区总量: " + swap.getTotal() / 1024L + "K av"); // 当前交换区使用量 System.out.println("当前交换区使用量: " + swap.getUsed() / 1024L + "K used"); // 当前交换区剩余量 System.out.println("当前交换区剩余量: " + swap.getFree() / 1024L + "K free"); } private static void cpu() throws SigarException { Sigar sigar = new Sigar(); CpuInfo infos[] = sigar.getCpuInfoList(); CpuPerc cpuList[] = null; cpuList = sigar.getCpuPercList(); for (int i = 0; i < infos.length; i++) {// 不管是单块CPU还是多CPU都适用 CpuInfo info = infos[i]; System.out.println("第" + (i + 1) + "块CPU信息"); System.out.println("CPU的总量MHz: " + info.getMhz());// CPU的总量MHz System.out.println("CPU生产商: " + info.getVendor());// 获得CPU的卖主，如：Intel System.out.println("CPU类别: " + info.getModel());// 获得CPU的类别，如：Celeron System.out.println("CPU缓存数量: " + info.getCacheSize());// 缓冲存储器数量 printCpuPerc(cpuList[i]); } } private static void printCpuPerc(CpuPerc cpu) { System.out.println("CPU用户使用率: " + CpuPerc.format(cpu.getUser()));// 用户使用率 System.out.println("CPU系统使用率: " + CpuPerc.format(cpu.getSys()));// 系统使用率 System.out.println("CPU当前等待率: " + CpuPerc.format(cpu.getWait()));// 当前等待率 System.out.println("CPU当前错误率: " + CpuPerc.format(cpu.getNice()));// System.out.println("CPU当前空闲率: " + CpuPerc.format(cpu.getIdle()));// 当前空闲率 System.out.println("CPU总的使用率: " + CpuPerc.format(cpu.getCombined()));// 总的使用率 } private static void os() { OperatingSystem OS = OperatingSystem.getInstance(); // 操作系统内核类型如： 386、486、586等x86 System.out.println("操作系统: " + OS.getArch()); System.out.println("操作系统CpuEndian(): " + OS.getCpuEndian());// System.out.println("操作系统DataModel(): " + OS.getDataModel());// // 系统描述 System.out.println("操作系统的描述: " + OS.getDescription()); // 操作系统类型 // System.out.println("OS.getName(): " + OS.getName()); // System.out.println("OS.getPatchLevel(): " + OS.getPatchLevel());// // 操作系统的卖主 System.out.println("操作系统的卖主: " + OS.getVendor()); // 卖主名称 System.out.println("操作系统的卖主名: " + OS.getVendorCodeName()); // 操作系统名称 System.out.println("操作系统名称: " + OS.getVendorName()); // 操作系统卖主类型 System.out.println("操作系统卖主类型: " + OS.getVendorVersion()); // 操作系统的版本号 System.out.println("操作系统的版本号: " + OS.getVersion()); } private static void who() throws SigarException { Sigar sigar = new Sigar(); Who who[] = sigar.getWhoList(); if (who != null && who.length > 0) { for (int i = 0; i < who.length; i++) { // System.out.println("当前系统进程表中的用户名" + String.valueOf(i)); Who _who = who[i]; System.out.println("用户控制台: " + _who.getDevice()); System.out.println("用户host: " + _who.getHost()); // System.out.println("getTime(): " + _who.getTime()); // 当前系统进程表中的用户名 System.out.println("当前系统进程表中的用户名: " + _who.getUser()); } } } private static void file() throws Exception { Sigar sigar = new Sigar(); FileSystem fslist[] = sigar.getFileSystemList(); for (int i = 0; i < fslist.length; i++) { System.out.println("分区的盘符名称" + i); FileSystem fs = fslist[i]; // 分区的盘符名称 System.out.println("盘符名称: " + fs.getDevName()); // 分区的盘符名称 System.out.println("盘符路径: " + fs.getDirName()); System.out.println("盘符标志: " + fs.getFlags());// // 文件系统类型，比如 FAT32、NTFS System.out.println("盘符类型: " + fs.getSysTypeName()); // 文件系统类型名，比如本地硬盘、光驱、网络文件系统等 System.out.println("盘符类型名: " + fs.getTypeName()); // 文件系统类型 System.out.println("盘符文件系统类型: " + fs.getType()); FileSystemUsage usage = null; usage = sigar.getFileSystemUsage(fs.getDirName()); switch (fs.getType()) { case 0: // TYPE_UNKNOWN ：未知 break; case 1: // TYPE_NONE break; case 2: // TYPE_LOCAL_DISK : 本地硬盘 // 文件系统总大小 System.out.println(fs.getDevName() + "总大小: " + usage.getTotal() + "KB"); // 文件系统剩余大小 System.out.println(fs.getDevName() + "剩余大小: " + usage.getFree() + "KB"); // 文件系统可用大小 System.out.println(fs.getDevName() + "可用大小: " + usage.getAvail() + "KB"); // 文件系统已经使用量 System.out.println(fs.getDevName() + "已经使用量: " + usage.getUsed() + "KB"); double usePercent = usage.getUsePercent() * 100D; // 文件系统资源的利用率 System.out.println(fs.getDevName() + "资源的利用率: " + usePercent + "%"); break; case 3:// TYPE_NETWORK ：网络 break; case 4:// TYPE_RAM_DISK ：闪存 break; case 5:// TYPE_CDROM ：光驱 break; case 6:// TYPE_SWAP ：页面交换 break; } System.out.println(fs.getDevName() + "读出： " + usage.getDiskReads()); System.out.println(fs.getDevName() + "写入： " + usage.getDiskWrites()); } return; } private static void net() throws Exception { Sigar sigar = new Sigar(); String ifNames[] = sigar.getNetInterfaceList(); for (int i = 0; i < ifNames.length; i++) { String name = ifNames[i]; NetInterfaceConfig ifconfig = sigar.getNetInterfaceConfig(name); System.out.println("网络设备名: " + name);// 网络设备名 System.out.println("IP地址: " + ifconfig.getAddress());// IP地址 System.out.println("子网掩码: " + ifconfig.getNetmask());// 子网掩码 if ((ifconfig.getFlags() & 1L) <= 0L) { System.out.println("!IFF_UP...skipping getNetInterfaceStat"); continue; } NetInterfaceStat ifstat = sigar.getNetInterfaceStat(name); System.out.println(name + "接收的总包裹数:" + ifstat.getRxPackets());// 接收的总包裹数 System.out.println(name + "发送的总包裹数:" + ifstat.getTxPackets());// 发送的总包裹数 System.out.println(name + "接收到的总字节数:" + ifstat.getRxBytes());// 接收到的总字节数 System.out.println(name + "发送的总字节数:" + ifstat.getTxBytes());// 发送的总字节数 System.out.println(name + "接收到的错误包数:" + ifstat.getRxErrors());// 接收到的错误包数 System.out.println(name + "发送数据包时的错误数:" + ifstat.getTxErrors());// 发送数据包时的错误数 System.out.println(name + "接收时丢弃的包数:" + ifstat.getRxDropped());// 接收时丢弃的包数 System.out.println(name + "发送时丢弃的包数:" + ifstat.getTxDropped());// 发送时丢弃的包数 } } private static void ethernet() throws SigarException { Sigar sigar = null; sigar = new Sigar(); String[] ifaces = sigar.getNetInterfaceList(); for (int i = 0; i < ifaces.length; i++) { NetInterfaceConfig cfg = sigar.getNetInterfaceConfig(ifaces[i]); if (NetFlags.LOOPBACK_ADDRESS.equals(cfg.getAddress()) || (cfg.getFlags() & NetFlags.IFF_LOOPBACK) != 0 || NetFlags.NULL_HWADDR.equals(cfg.getHwaddr())) { continue; } System.out.println(cfg.getName() + "IP地址:" + cfg.getAddress());// IP地址 System.out.println(cfg.getName() + "网关广播地址:" + cfg.getBroadcast());// 网关广播地址 System.out.println(cfg.getName() + "网卡MAC地址:" + cfg.getHwaddr());// 网卡MAC地址 System.out.println(cfg.getName() + "子网掩码:" + cfg.getNetmask());// 子网掩码 System.out.println(cfg.getName() + "网卡描述信息:" + cfg.getDescription());// 网卡描述信息 System.out.println(cfg.getName() + "网卡类型" + cfg.getType());// } }}
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