主语/宾语      介宾语

doing            可              可

to do            可             不可

done            不可           不可

done 不能做主语 宾语

只有doing 才能做介词的宾语

               时态(和谓语动词比较)                                        介宾语

doing       being done

               baving been done             

to do       to be done

              to have been done

              to be doing                       

done       done                                          被动完成

 状语丛句      doing sth 

                   Having done sth

                   Done          

定语从句      名词代词     doing  sth 

                                   done  sth

                                   to do 

doing sth VS to do sth

1. playing with fire is dangerous         // 泛指

To play with fire will be dangerous    // 特指这一次

remember/forget     doing   // 记得做过/忘记做过     已经做了       I remember completing his homework

                              to        // 记得要过/忘记要做         

regret     doing 遗憾做过某事  

              to     遗憾没有做某事       she regret to fail to pick her child up

mean      doing 意味着  

              to     打算做某事

try          doing    尝试

              to do     尽力

stop        doing     停止正在做了的

              to          停下正在做的 去过另外一件事

go on       doing  继续做着同一件

               to    手中的事情做完   继续做其他的一件事情

hate         

like

doing VS done

the rising sun      VS    the risen sun   // 状态

the boiling water         the boilded water  // 

2. exciting          excited            物 和 人 

    surpriseing    surprised 

I saw the girl  (to 省略)cross/crossing  the street     // 全过程vs 瞬间 

3. doing VS to do

1. I went to his house only to find he was out

He dropped the cup, breaking it into pieces.

2. he walked down the hill singing to himself     doing可以表示伴随   to do 不行

to catch the bus， he ran as fast as he can       表示目的，放在句子首   doing 不行

4. 从属连词+非谓语

he raised his hand as if to take off his hat 

                                  as if he was going to take off his hat

You mustn‘t use my pen unless writing a letter // unless you write a letter

We will not attack, unless attacked.   // unless we are  attacked.

1.本质上是一种省略

2.主动用 doing/to do; 被动用 done

When the museum was completed    the museum will be open to the public next the year

 Unless you were invited  to speak, you should remain silent at the conference. invite

While reading, I fell asleep.

英语----非谓语动词总结