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使用jcaptcha插件生成验证码
1.从官网http://jcaptcha.sourceforge.net/下载插件。将对应jar包导入到lib文件夹下
2.创建一个CaptchaServiceSingleton类用来获取jcaptcha自己实现的默认验证码生成器对象DefaultManageableImageCaptchaService(使用单例模式)。
package com.xhc.jcaptcha; import com.octo.captcha.service.image.DefaultManageableImageCaptchaService; import com.octo.captcha.service.image.ImageCaptchaService; public class CaptchaServiceSingleton { private static ImageCaptchaService instance = new DefaultManageableImageCaptchaService(); public static ImageCaptchaService getInstance(){ return instance; } }
3.创建处理验证码生成的servlet
package com.xhc.jcaptcha; import java.awt.image.BufferedImage; import java.awt.image.Raster; import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream; import java.io.IOException; import javax.servlet.ServletConfig; import javax.servlet.ServletException; import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import com.octo.captcha.service.CaptchaServiceException; import com.sun.image.codec.jpeg.JPEGCodec; import com.sun.image.codec.jpeg.JPEGImageEncoder; public class ImageCaptchaServlet extends HttpServlet { public void destroy() { super.destroy(); } public void doGet(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse) throws ServletException, IOException { byte[] captchaChallengeAsJpeg = null; // the output stream to render the captcha image as jpeg into ByteArrayOutputStream jpegOutputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); try { // get the session id that will identify the generated captcha. //the same id must be used to validate the response, the session id is a good candidate! String captchaId = httpServletRequest.getSession().getId(); // call the ImageCaptchaService getChallenge method BufferedImage challenge = new BufferedImage(68, 22, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB); challenge=CaptchaServiceSingleton.getInstance().getImageChallengeForID(captchaId, httpServletRequest.getLocale()); // a jpeg encoder JPEGImageEncoder jpegEncoder = JPEGCodec.createJPEGEncoder(jpegOutputStream); jpegEncoder.encode(challenge); } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) { httpServletResponse.sendError(HttpServletResponse.SC_NOT_FOUND); return; } catch (CaptchaServiceException e) { httpServletResponse.sendError(HttpServletResponse.SC_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR); return; } captchaChallengeAsJpeg = jpegOutputStream.toByteArray(); // flush it in the response httpServletResponse.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-store"); httpServletResponse.setHeader("Pragma", "no-cache"); httpServletResponse.setDateHeader("Expires", 0); httpServletResponse.setContentType("image/jpeg"); ServletOutputStream responseOutputStream = httpServletResponse.getOutputStream(); responseOutputStream.write(captchaChallengeAsJpeg); responseOutputStream.flush(); responseOutputStream.close(); } public void init(ServletConfig servletConfig) throws ServletException { super.init(servletConfig); } }
若导入这两个类时报错
import com.sun.image.codec.jpeg.JPEGCodec;
import com.sun.image.codec.jpeg.JPEGImageEncoder;
原因:Eclipse默认把这些受訪问限制的API设成了ERROR。
仅仅要把Windows-Preferences-Java-Complicer-Errors/Warnings里面的Deprecated and restricted API中的Forbidden references(access rules)选为Warning就能够编译通过。
4.创建用来做验证的servlet
package com.xhc.jcaptcha; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.PrintWriter; import java.net.HttpRetryException; import javax.servlet.ServletException; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import com.octo.captcha.service.CaptchaServiceException; public class ValidationServlet extends HttpServlet { public void destroy() { super.destroy(); // Just puts "destroy" string in log // Put your code here } public void doGet(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse) throws ServletException, IOException { Boolean isResponseCorrect =Boolean.FALSE; //remenber that we need an id to validate! String captchaId = httpServletRequest.getSession().getId(); //retrieve the response String response = httpServletRequest.getParameter("j_captcha_response"); // Call the Service method httpServletResponse.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8"); PrintWriter wt=httpServletResponse.getWriter(); try { isResponseCorrect = CaptchaServiceSingleton.getInstance().validateResponseForID(captchaId, response); if(isResponseCorrect){ wt.write("<a>验证码输入成功</a>"); }else{ wt.write("<a>验证码输入失败</a>"); } } catch (CaptchaServiceException e) { //should not happen, may be thrown if the id is not valid } } public void init() throws ServletException { } }
5.配置web.xml
<servlet> <servlet-name>ImageCaptchaServlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>com.xhc.jcaptcha.ImageCaptchaServlet</servlet-class> <load-on-startup>0</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet> <servlet-name>ValidationServlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>com.xhc.jcaptcha.ValidationServlet</servlet-class> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>ImageCaptchaServlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/servlet/ImageCaptchaServlet</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>ValidationServlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/servlet/ValidationServlet</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping>
6.jsp页面
<body> <form action="servlet/ValidationServlet" method="GET"> <input type="text" name="j_captcha_response"> <img src=http://www.mamicode.com/"servlet/ImageCaptchaServlet" height="50" width="100"> >
使用jcaptcha插件生成验证码
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