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java socket报文通信（三）java对象和xml格式文件的相互转换

2024-08-10 09:12:17   218人阅读

前两节讲了socket服务端，客户端的建立以及报文的封装。今天就来讲一下java对象和xml格式文件的相互转换。

上一节中我们列举了一个报文格式，其实我们可以理解为其实就是一个字符串。但是我们不可能每次都去写字符串啊，这样的话肯定要疯。既然是面向对象的编程，肯定会有好的办法来解决这个问题。我们使用JAXBContext这个工具。

package cn.com.egj.entity.shortcutTransfer.test;import java.io.BufferedReader;import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;import java.io.InputStream;import java.io.InputStreamReader;import java.io.StringReader;import java.net.URLEncoder;import javax.xml.bind.JAXBContext;import javax.xml.bind.JAXBException;import javax.xml.bind.Marshaller;import javax.xml.bind.Unmarshaller;import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlRootElement;import javax.xml.stream.XMLOutputFactory;import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamWriter;/** * Jaxb2工具类 */@XmlRootElementpublic class JaxbUtil {    /**     * JavaBean转换成xml     *      * @param obj     * @param encoding     * @return     */    public static String convertToXml(Object obj) {        try {            JAXBContext context = JAXBContext.newInstance(obj.getClass());            Marshaller marshaller = context.createMarshaller();            marshaller.setProperty(Marshaller.JAXB_ENCODING, "GBK");            marshaller.setProperty(Marshaller.JAXB_FRAGMENT, true);            ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();            //注意jdk版本            XMLOutputFactory xmlOutputFactory = XMLOutputFactory.newInstance();            XMLStreamWriter xmlStreamWriter = xmlOutputFactory                    .createXMLStreamWriter(baos, (String) marshaller                            .getProperty(Marshaller.JAXB_ENCODING));            xmlStreamWriter.writeStartDocument(                    (String) marshaller.getProperty(Marshaller.JAXB_ENCODING),                    "1.0");            marshaller.marshal(obj, xmlStreamWriter);            xmlStreamWriter.writeEndDocument();            xmlStreamWriter.close();            return new String(baos.toString("GBK"));                    } catch (Exception e) {            // TODO Auto-generated catch block            e.printStackTrace();        }        return null;    }    /**     * xml转换成JavaBean     *      * @param xml     * @param c     * @return     */    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")    public static <T> T converyToJavaBean(String xml, Class<T> c) {        T t = null;        try {            JAXBContext context = JAXBContext.newInstance(c);            Unmarshaller unmarshaller = context.createUnmarshaller();            t = (T) unmarshaller.unmarshal(new StringReader(xml));        } catch (Exception e) {            e.printStackTrace();        }        return t;    }}

以上两个方法可以将java对象可xml文件相互转换。

接下来我们看看怎么使用。

1）首先我们要建立需要转换的类：

import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlAccessType;import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlAccessorType;import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlElement;import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlRootElement;import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlType;@XmlAccessorType(XmlAccessType.FIELD)//表示使用这个类中的 private 非静态字段作为 XML 的序列化的属性或者元素,对应属性要使用get、set方法。@XmlRootElement(name="ROOT")@XmlType(propOrder={"code","name","age"})//xml格式数据的显示的顺序名字要和定义变量的一样，而不是@XmlElement中的namepublic class MySocket {    @XmlElement(name="Code",required=true)//定义xml中显示的数据    private  String code;    @XmlElement(name="Name",required=true)    private String name;    @XmlElement(name="Age",required=true)    private String age;    public String getCode() {        return code;    }    public String getName() {        return name;    }    public String getAge() {        return age;    }    public void setCode(String code) {        this.code = code;    }    public void setName(String name) {        this.name = name;    }    public void setAge(String age) {        this.age = age;    }        public String toString(){        return this.name+","+this.age+","+this.code;    }}

2）建立测试类：

public class Test {    public static void main(String[] args) {        objectToXml();    }        public static  void objectToXml(){        MySocket mySocket = new MySocket();        mySocket.setName("张三");        mySocket.setCode("00012");        mySocket.setAge("25");        String xml = JaxbUtil.convertToXml(mySocket);        System.out.println(xml);    }    }

运行测试类，我们将看到控制台输出：<?xml version="1.0" encoding="GBK"?><ROOT><Code>00012</Code><Age>25</Age></ROOT>

对于Object转xml,我们建立测试方法：

 

public static void xmlToObjetct(){        String xml = "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"GBK\"?><ROOT><Code>00011</Code><Name>李四</Name><Age>26</Age></ROOT>";        MySocket mySocket= JaxbUtil.converyToJavaBean(xml, MySocket.class);        System.out.println(mySocket.toString());    }

 

 运行测试类，我们将看到控制台输出：李四,26,00011

3）有时候我们的java对象中会存在集合，这时我们像如下这么做：

  3.1）首先我们建立袋集合的对象：

 

@XmlAccessorType(XmlAccessType.FIELD)@XmlRootElement(name="ROOT")@XmlType(propOrder={"name","age","books"})public class ListSocket {    @XmlElement(name="Name",required=true)    private String name;    @XmlElement(name="Age",required=true)    private String age;    @XmlElementWrapper(name="ROWS")//@XmlElementWrapper注解表示生成一个包装 XML 表示形式的包装器元素。 此元素主要用于生成一个包装集合的包装器 XML 元素    @XmlElement(name="LIST",required=true)    private List<Book> books;    public String getName() {        return name;    }    public String getAge() {        return age;    }    public List<Book> getBooks() {        return books;    }    public void setName(String name) {        this.name = name;    }    public void setAge(String age) {        this.age = age;    }    public void setBooks(List<Book> books) {        this.books = books;    }        public String toString(){        String result = "";        result=this.age+","+this.name+",集合的数据：";        for (Book book:books) {            result+=book.getAuthor()+book.getTime()+book.getBookName();        }        return result;    }}

 

@XmlAccessorType(XmlAccessType.FIELD)@XmlType(propOrder={"bookName","time","author"})public class Book {    @XmlElement(name="BookName")    private String bookName;    @XmlElement(name="Time")    private String time;    @XmlElement(name="Author")    private String author;    public String getBookName() {        return bookName;    }    public String getTime() {        return time;    }    public String getAuthor() {        return author;    }    public void setBookName(String bookName) {        this.bookName = bookName;    }    public void setTime(String time) {        this.time = time;    }    public void setAuthor(String author) {        this.author = author;    }}

 

 3.2）建立测试类：

 

public class ListSocketTest {    public static void main(String[] args) {        objectToXml();        xmlToObject();    }        public static void objectToXml(){        ListSocket listSocket = new ListSocket();        listSocket.setName("张三");        listSocket.setAge("26");        List<Book> books = new ArrayList<Book>();        Book book1 = new Book();        book1.setAuthor("作者1");        book1.setTime("2014-12-28");        book1.setBookName("How to use JAXB");        Book book2= new Book();        book2.setAuthor("作者2");        book2.setTime("2014-06-06");        book2.setBookName("How to use SOCKET");        books.add(book1);        books.add(book2);        listSocket.setBooks(books);        String xml = JaxbUtil.convertToXml(listSocket);        System.out.println(xml);    }        public static void xmlToObject(){        String xml = "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"GBK\"?><ROOT><Name>张三</Name><Age>26</Age><ROWS><LIST>"
                       +"<BookName>How to use JAXB</BookName><Time>2014-12-28</Time><Author>作者1</Author>"
                       +"</LIST><LIST><BookName>How to use SOCKET</BookName><Time>2014-06-06</Time><Author>作者2</Author></LIST></ROWS></ROOT>";        ListSocket listSocket = JaxbUtil.converyToJavaBean(xml, ListSocket.class);        System.out.println(listSocket);    }

 

 运行主函数，我们可以看见转换后的xml对象和类对象。使用就是这么的简单^_^!!!

 

java socket报文通信（三）java对象和xml格式文件的相互转换


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