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ELK的安装配置使用
ELK的安装配置
一、ES集群的安装：
搭建ElasticSearch集群： 使用三台服务器搭建集群
node-1（主节点） 10.170.13.1
node-2（从节点） 10.116.35.133
node-3（从节点） 10.44.79.57
下载安装包 地址：https://artifacts.elastic.co/downloads/elasticsearch/elasticsearch-5.4.3.rpm 在三台服务器上分别下载安装elasticsearch-5.4.3.rpm
安装： ~]# yum install elasticsearch-5.4.3.rpm -y 修改node-1配置文件： ~]# vim /etc/elasticsearch/elasticsearch.yml cluster.name: elasticsearch node.name: node-1 network.host: 0.0.0.0 http.port: 9200 http.cors.enabled: true http.cors.allow-origin: "*" node.master: true node.data: true discovery.zen.ping.unicast.hosts: ["10.170.13.1"] 修改node-2配置文件： ~]# vim /etc/elasticsearch/elasticsearch.yml cluster.name: elasticsearch node.name: node-2 network.host: 0.0.0.0 http.port: 9200 http.cors.enabled: true http.cors.allow-origin: "*" node.master: false node.data: true discovery.zen.ping.unicast.hosts: ["10.170.13.1"] 修改node-3配置文件： ~]# vim /etc/elasticsearch/elasticsearch.yml cluster.name: elasticsearch node.name: node-3 network.host: 0.0.0.0 http.port: 9200 http.cors.enabled: true http.cors.allow-origin: "*" node.master: false node.data: true discovery.zen.ping.unicast.hosts: ["10.170.13.1"] 配置完以后先启动node-1（master）然后再去启动node-2和node-3； 启动： ~]# service elasticsearch start 安装5.X的版本启动会有很多错误可查看日志，根据自身处理错误。 ~]# tail -f /var/log/elasticsearch/elasticsearch.log
错误汇总<部分问题来源于网络，感谢大家的之后，在此汇总一下>： 问题一： [2016-11-06T16:27:21,712][WARN ][o.e.b.JNANatives ] unable to install syscall filter: Java.lang.UnsupportedOperationException: seccomp unavailable: requires kernel 3.5+ with CONFIG_SECCOMPandCONFIG_SECCOMP_FILTERcompiledinatorg.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Seccomp.linuxImpl(Seccomp.java:349) ~[elasticsearch-5.0.0.jar:5.0.0] at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Seccomp.init(Seccomp.java:630) ~[elasticsearch-5.0.0.jar:5.0.0] 原因：只是一个警告，主要是因为Linux版本过低造成的。 解决方案：1、重新安装新版本的Linux系统 2、警告不影响使用，可以忽略 问题二： ERROR: bootstrap checks failed max file descriptors [4096] for elasticsearch process likely too low, increase to at least [65536] 原因：无法创建本地文件问题,用户最大可创建文件数太小 解决方案： 切换到root用户，编辑limits.conf配置文件， 添加类似如下内容： vi /etc/security/limits.conf 添加如下内容: * soft nofile 65536* hard nofile 131072* soft nproc 2048* hard nproc 4096备注：* 代表Linux所有用户名称（比如 hadoop） 保存、退出、重新登录才可生效 问题三： max number of threads [1024] for user [es] likely too low, increase to at least [2048] 原因：无法创建本地线程问题,用户最大可创建线程数太小 解决方案：切换到root用户，进入limits.d目录下，修改90-nproc.conf 配置文件。 vi /etc/security/limits.d/90-nproc.conf 找到如下内容： * soft nproc 1024#修改为* soft nproc 2048 问题四： max virtual memory areas vm.max_map_count [65530] likely too low, increase to at least [262144] 原因：最大虚拟内存太小 解决方案：切换到root用户下，修改配置文件sysctl.conf vi /etc/sysctl.conf 添加下面配置： vm.max_map_count=655360并执行命令： sysctl -p 然后重新启动elasticsearch，即可启动成功。 问题五： ElasticSearch启动找不到主机或路由 原因：ElasticSearch 单播配置有问题 解决方案： 检查ElasticSearch中的配置文件 vi config/elasticsearch.yml 找到如下配置： discovery.zen.ping.unicast.hosts: ["10.170.13.1"] 一般情况下，是这里配置有问题，注意书写格式 问题六： org.elasticsearch.transport.RemoteTransportException: Failed to deserialize exception response from stream 原因:ElasticSearch节点之间的jdk版本不一致 解决方案：ElasticSearch集群统一jdk环境 问题七： Unsupported major.minor version 52.0原因：jdk版本问题太低 解决方案：更换jdk版本，ElasticSearch5.0.0支持jdk1.8.0 问题八： bin/elasticsearch-plugin install license ERROR: Unknown plugin license 原因：ElasticSearch5.0.0以后插件命令已经改变 解决方案：使用最新命令安装所有插件 bin/elasticsearch-plugin install x-pack 问题九： 启动异常：ERROR: bootstrap checks failed system call filters failed to install; check the logs and fix your configuration or disable system call filters at your own risk 问题原因：因为Centos6不支持SecComp，而ES5.2.1默认bootstrap.system_call_filter为true进行检测，所以导致检测失败，失败后直接导致ES不能启动。详见 ：https://github.com/elastic/elasticsearch/issues/22899解决方法：在elasticsearch.yml中配置bootstrap.system_call_filter为false，注意要在Memory下面: bootstrap.memory_lock: falsebootstrap.system_call_filter: false
启动成功以后在node-1上日志会显示node-2、node-3加入集群：
[2017-07-05T10:49:30,988][INFO ][o.e.c.s.ClusterService ] [node-1] added {{node-2}{9P1tDYlaTTCTLvgf56qiTg}{tDWHLBA5QVKJVigNeDx-yw}{10.116.35.133}{10.116.35.133:9300},}, reason: zen-disco-node-join[{node-2}{9P1tDYlaTTCTLvgf56qiTg}{tDWHLBA5QVKJVigNeDx-yw}{10.116.35.133}{10.116.35.133:9300}]
[2017-07-05T10:49:36,927][INFO ][o.e.c.s.ClusterService ] [node-1] added {{node-3}{seEWVcyKRnupt6eP2T3-Qg}{W5RrwtY2ToWxuzWFsFdPyA}{10.44.79.57}{10.44.79.57:9300},}, reason: zen-disco-node-join[{node-3}{seEWVcyKRnupt6eP2T3-Qg}{W5RrwtY2ToWxuzWFsFdPyA}{10.44.79.57}{10.44.79.57 :9300}]打开浏览器访问测试：
到此ElasticSearch安装成功，下面安装管理工具ElasticSearch-head 注意：ElasticSearch5.X以后的版本差异较大不支持以前2.X那种安装方式
安装nodejs：
下载地址：
~]# wget https://nodejs.org/dist/v8.1.3/node-v8.1.3-linux-x64.tar.gz
~]# tar xf node-v8.1.3-linux-x64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
~]# mv /usr/local/ node-v8.1.3-linux-x64 node.js
~]# echo ‘export "PATH=/usr/local/node.js/bin:$PATH"‘ > /etc/profile.d/nodejs.sh
~]# source /etc/profile.d/nodejs.sh
~]# node -vv8.1.3~]# npm -v5.0.3 下载elasticsearch-head：
下载安装：
~]# cd /usr/local/
~]# git clone git://github.com/mobz/elasticsearch-head.git
~]# cd /usr/local/elasticsearch-head/
elasticsearch-head]# npm install
elasticsearch-head]# npm install –g grunt–cli
elasticsearch-head]# npm install -g cnpm --registry=
修改配置文件：
elasticsearch-head]# vim Gruntfile.jsconnect: {
server: {
options: {
hostname: ‘0.0.0.0‘,
port: 9100, base: ‘.‘,
keepalive: true
}
}
}
elasticsearch-head]# vim _site/app.js
this.base_uri = this.config.base_uri || this.prefs.get("app-base_uri") || "http://10.170.13.1:9200";
启动：
elasticsearch-head]# service elasticsearch stop
elasticsearch-head]# service elasticsearch start
elasticsearch-head]# grunt server二、安装logstash,配置监控rsyslog、nginx、es的日志
安装包下载：https://www.elastic.co/downloads/past-releases
可根据不同的版本自行下载，ELK更新很快。 我的ES安装的5.4.3的版本所以统一安装5.4.3的版本。
~]# wgethttps://artifacts.elastic.co/downloads/logstash/logstash-5.4.3.rpm #直接下载rpm包
分别在ES集群的三台机器上都下载安装好 ~]# yum install logstash-5.4.3.rpm -y
(logstash就算直接用rpm安装也需要配置环境变量，目录：/usr/share/logstash/bin/)
配置环境变量：
~]# echo ‘export "PATH=/usr/share/logstash/bin:$PATH"‘ > /etc/profile.d/logstash.sh
~]# source /etc/profile.d/logstash.sh
logstash的配置相对麻烦一下，因为logstash需要接受输入，进行处理然后产生输出。logstash采用input,filter,output的三段配置法。input配置输入源，filter配置对输入源中的信息怎样进行处理，而output配置输出位置。
~]# vim /etc/logstash/conf.d/all.conf 在配置文件里加入配置
input {
file {
path => "/var/log/messages" #日志文件路径
type => "system"
start_position => "beginning"
}
syslog {
type => "system-syslog" #定义type，为后面输出做匹配
host => "10.170.13.1"
port => "514"
}
file {
path => "/var/log/elasticsearch/elasticsearch.log"
type => "es-error"
start_position => "beginning"
codec => multiline { #multiline可定义多行为一个事件
pattern => "^\["
negate => "true"
what => "previous"
}
}
file {
path => "/var/log/nginx/access-json.log"
codec => "json" #以json输出
type => "nginx_access"
start_position => "beginning" #从日志开头记录（默认是从日志尾部记录的）
}
}
output { if [type] == "system" { #if 匹配type，则执行
elasticsearch { #定义ES
hosts => ["10.170.13.1:9200"] #ES主机:端口
index => "system-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}" #定义索引名称
}
}
if [type] == "system-syslog" { elasticsearch {
hosts => ["10.170.13.1:9200"]
index => "system-syslog-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"
}
}
if [type] == "es-error" { elasticsearch {
hosts => ["10.170.13.1:9200"]
index => "es-error-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"
}
}
if [type] == "nginx_access" { elasticsearch {
hosts => ["10.170.13.1:9200"]
index => "nginx_access-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"
}
}
}设置系统日志
~]# vim /etc/rsyslog.conf *.* @@10.170.13.1:514 #在最后面添加这行，向某个IP：端口发送系统日志
编辑nginx访问日志为json格式；
~]# vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
log_format logstash_json ‘{ "@timestamp": "$time_local", ‘
‘"@fields": { ‘
‘"remote_addr": "$remote_addr", ‘
‘"remote_user": "$remote_user", ‘
‘"body_bytes_sent": "$body_bytes_sent", ‘
‘"request_time": "$request_time", ‘
‘"status": "$status", ‘
‘"request": "$request", ‘
‘"request_method": "$request_method", ‘
‘"http_referrer": "$http_referer", ‘
‘"body_bytes_sent":"$body_bytes_sent", ‘
‘"http_x_forwarded_for": "$http_x_forwarded_for", ‘
‘"http_user_agent": "$http_user_agent" } }‘;
access_log /var/log/nginx/access-json.log logstash_json;三、安装Kibana
安装包下载：https://www.elastic.co/downloads/past-releases
~]# wget ~]# yum install kibana-5.4.3-x86_64.rpm -y
kibana安装在（10.170.13.1）这一台设备用来统计分析展示。 这是做实验，真实线上可以在安装ES的设备上都安装Kibana，用前端nginx做转发跟认证。
编辑配置文件
vim /etc/kibana/kibana.yml #添加以下配置 server.port: 5601 server.host: "0.0.0.0" elasticsearch.url: http://10.170.13.1:9200/ kibana.index: ".kibana"
启动Kibana
~]# service kibana start
访问 http://10.170.13.1:5601
四、logstash解耦之redis消息队列
生产中有很多场景不能由logstash直接提取日志发送给ES，这时候就可以使用消息队列来做处理了。这就是所谓的解耦把日志“提取”和“处理、展示”分隔开。
输出至redis：
~]# vim /etc/logstash/conf.d/redis_in.conf
input {
stdin {}
} output {
redis {
host => "127.0.0.1"
port => "6379"
db => "6"
data_type => "list"
key => "demo"
}
}
启动：
~]# logstash -f /etc/logstash/conf.d/redis_in.conf（启动成功以后收到在标准输入里面随便输入一些东西）
启动完成可打开一个终端查看redis
~]# redis-cli
127.0.0.1:6379> SELECT 6
OK
127.0.0.1:6379[6]> LLEN demo
(integer) 52
127.0.0.1:6379[6]> KEYS *
1) "demo"输入至ES：
~]# vim /etc/logstash/conf.d/redis_out.conf
input {
redis {
host => "127.0.0.1"
port => "6379"
db => "6"
data_type => "list"
key => "demo"
}
} output {
elasticsearch {
hosts => ["10.170.13.1:9200"]
index => "redis-demo-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"
}
}
启动：
~]# logstash -f /etc/logstash/conf.d/redis_out.conf(启动成功以后可查看ES里面是否成功增加)
启动完成可打开一个终端查看redis
~]# redis-cli
127.0.0.1:6379> SELECT 6
OK
127.0.0.1:6379[6]> LLEN demo
(integer) 0可将之前做的rsystem日志、nginx访问日志、ES日志都通过logstash输入redis，再有logstash从redis输出到ES。
输入：
input {
file {
path => "/var/log/messages"
type => "system"
start_position => "beginning"
}
syslog { type => "system-syslog"
host => "10.170.13.1"
port => "514"
}
file {
path => "/var/log/elasticsearch/elasticsearch.log"
type => "es-error"
start_position => "beginning"
codec => multiline {
pattern => "^\["
negate => "true"
what => "previous"
}
}
file {
path => "/var/log/nginx/access-json.log"
codec => "json"
type => "nginx_access"
start_position => "beginning"
}
}
output { if [type] == "system" {
redis {
host => "10.170.13.1"
port => "6379"
db => "6"
data_type => "list"
key => "system"
}
} if [type] == "system-syslog" {
redis {
host => "10.170.13.1"
port => "6379"
db => "6"
data_type => "list"
key => "system-syslog"
}
} if [type] == "es-error" {
redis {
host => "10.170.13.1"
port => "6379"
db => "6"
data_type => "list"
key => "es-error"
}
} if [type] == "nginx_access" {
redis {
host => "10.170.13.1"
port => "6379"
db => "6"
data_type => "list"
key => "nginx_access"
}
}
}输入：
input {
redis { type => "system"
host => "10.170.13.1"
port => "6379"
db => "6"
data_type => "list"
key => "system"
}
redis { type => "system-syslog"
host => "10.170.13.1"
port => "6379"
db => "6"
data_type => "list"
key => "system-syslog"
}
redis { type => "es-error"
host => "10.170.13.1"
port => "6379"
db => "6"
data_type => "list"
key => "es-error"
}
redis { type => "nginx_access"
host => "10.170.13.1"
port => "6379"
db => "6"
data_type => "list"
key => "nginx_access"
}
}
output { if [type] == "system" {
elasticsearch {
hosts => ["10.170.13.1:9200"]
index => "system-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"
}
} if [type] == "system-syslog" {
elasticsearch {
hosts => ["10.170.13.1:9200"]
index => "system-syslog-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"
}
} if [type] == "es-error" {
elasticsearch {
hosts => ["10.170.13.1:9200"]
index => "es-error-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"
}
}
if [type] == "nginx_access" {
elasticsearch {
hosts => ["10.170.13.1:9200"]
index => "nginx_access-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"
}
}
}五、生产上线ELK：
1、日志分类 系统日志 rsyslog logstash syslog插件 访问日志 nginx logstash codec json 错误日志 file logstash file+ multiline 运行日志 file logstash codec json 设备日志 syslog logstash syslog插件 debug file logstash json or multiline 2、日志标准化 路径 固定 格式 经量json 日志系统： ELK logstash EFK Flume EHK heka 消息队列： redis rabbitmq kafka
本文出自 “志建” 博客，请务必保留此出处http://aoof188.blog.51cto.com/7661673/1949397
ELK的安装配置使用
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