首页 > 代码库 > Nginx+PostgreSQL+Django+UWSGI搭建

Nginx+PostgreSQL+Django+UWSGI搭建

最近因为项目上的需要开始大量使用nginx,因此也想趁机将以前常用的django+apache的架构换成django+nginx。常见的 django webapp 部署方式采用FCGIWSGI的方式部署,在这里主要对CentOS 6.5下Python 2.7.5环境下采用 Nginx + PostgreSQL + Django + uwsgi 的搭建与配置步骤做一个简要说明,主要留作备忘,也希望对大家有所帮助。

一、Nginx-1.6.2安装

1. 在安装nginx前,需要确保系统安装了g++、gcc、openssl、openssl-devel、pcre、pcre-devel和zlib、zlib-devel软件。安装必须软件:

root@localhost 10:48:14 /usr/local => yum install gcc-c++ => yum -y install zlib zlib-devel openssl openssl--devel pcre pcre-devel

2. 卸载系统原有的nginx

root@localhost 10:57:36 /usr/local => yum remove nginx

3. 编译安装Nginx

root@localhost 10:57:36 /usr/local/download => wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz => tar -zxvf nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz  => cd nginx-1.6.2  => ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx-1.6.2    => make && make install      => ln -s /usr/local/nginx-1.6.2/sbin/nginx /usr/bin/nginx

4. 启动Nginx

root@localhost 17:04:38 /usr/local/download/nginx-1.6.2=> /usr/local/nginx-1.6.2/sbin/nginx
其他nginx常用命令:=> /usr/local/nginx-1.6.2/sbin/nginx -s reload   # nginx重启(stop, quit, reopen, reload)

5. 测试是否安装成功

#测试端口    netstat –na|grep 80#浏览器中测试(有时候ip:80无法显示,需要关闭防火墙的干扰:service iptables stop)    http://localhost 

# Nginx正常启动:

技术分享

二、PostgreSQL-9.4.0安装

1. 新增用户组及用户

PostgreSQL默认是通过postgres:postgres来启动和使用的,因此在安装PostgreSQL前需要先创建postgres用户组及postgres用户。

root@localhost 11:30:18 ~
=> groupadd postgres
=> useradd postgres -g postgres 
=> passwd postgres                       #设置postgres用户密码

2、安装postgresql-9.4.0

root@localhost 11:35:04 /usr/local/download => wget https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v9.4.0/postgresql-9.4.0.tar.gz=> tar zvxf postgresql-9.4.0.tar.gz=> cd postgresql-9.4.0=> ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/postgresql-9.4.0=> make=> make install

3. PostgreSQL启动 

   # 新建数据库文件保存目录

=> mkdir /usr/local/postgresql-9.4.0/database

   # 新建数据库log文件目录

=> mkdir /usr/local/postgresql-9.4.0/logdb

   # 修改目录拥有者

=> chown postgres:postgres /usr/local/postgresql-9.4.0/database -R=> chown postgres:postgres /usr/local/postgresql-9.4.0/logdb –R

   # 执行数据库初始化脚本

=> su postgres[postgres@localhost postgresql-9.4.0]$ /usr/local/postgresql-9.4.0/bin/initdb --encoding=utf8 -D /usr/local/postgresql-9.4.0/database

   # 启动PostgreSQL服务

[postgres@localhost postgresql-9.4.0]$ touch /usr/local/postgresql-9.4.0/log/logfile[postgres@localhost postgresql-9.4.0]$ /usr/local/postgresql-9.4.0/bin/pg_ctl -D /usr/local/postgresql-9.4.0/database -l /usr/local/postgresql-9.4.0/logdb/logfile start

   # 登录PostgreSQL数据库

[postgres@localhost postgresql-9.4.0]$ psql

技术分享

三、Django-1.6.10安装

1. 源码安装

root@localhost 12:51:56 /usr/local/download => wget https://www.djangoproject.com/m/releases/1.6/Django-1.6.10.tar.gz=> tar zvxf Django-1.6.10.tar.gz=> cd Django-1.6.10=> python setup.py install
2.测试是否安装成功

技术分享

四、uwsgi-2.0.5.1安装

1. 源码安装

root@localhost 13:05:52 /usr/local/download => wget http://projects.unbit.it/downloads/uwsgi-2.0.5.1.tar.gz=> tar zvxf uwsgi-2.0.5.1.tar.gz=> cd uwsgi-2.0.5.1=> python setup.py install
# 该安装,默认将uwsgi安装在了$python的路径下了,我这里安装在了:/usr/local/python2.7/bin/uwsgi

2. 测试是否安装成功

root@localhost 13:13:14 /App/tmp => vi test.pydef application(env, start_response):    start_response(200 OK, [(Content-Type,text/html)])    return "Hello Worldi,uwsgi success!"
root@localhost 13:13:48 /App/tmp => uwsgi --http :9090 --wsgi-file /App/tmp/test.py

技术分享

五、Django配置使用PostgreSQL

1. 安装psycopg2

    Python使用PostgreSQL数据库,需要通过psycopg2进行调用,因此Django中使用PostgreSQL,就先应该安装psycopg2模块:

root@localhost 13:30:37 /usr/local/download => wget http://initd.org/psycopg/tarballs/PSYCOPG-2-5/psycopg2-2.5.4.tar.gz=> tar zvxf psycopg2-2.5.4.tar.gz=> cd psycopg2-2.5.4=> python setup.py install

2. 创建Django Project

root@localhost 13:25:53 /App/django-websites => python /usr/local/python2.7/bin/django-admin.py startproject websites

3. 设置Django使用PostgreSQL

root@localhost 13:27:33 /App/django-websites/websites/websites => vi settings.py…………
DATABASES = {    default: {        #ENGINE: django.db.backends.sqlite3,        #NAME: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, db.sqlite3),        ENGINE : django.db.backends.postgresql_psycopg2,        NAME : djangodb,        USER : django,        PASSWORD : 123456,        HOST : localhost,        PORT : 5432,    }}
………

4. 创建后台数据库

shenweiyan@localhost 13:40:17 /App/django-websites/websites => python manage.py syncdbCreating tables ...Creating table django_admin_logCreating table auth_permissionCreating table auth_group_permissionsCreating table auth_groupCreating table auth_user_groupsCreating table auth_user_user_permissionsCreating table auth_userCreating table django_content_typeCreating table django_sessionYou just installed Djangos auth system, which means you dont have any superusers defined.Would you like to create one now? (yes/no): yes     # 输入yes/noUsername (leave blank to use shenweiyanj): django(不输,即默认当前系统用户名)Email address:    # 邮箱地址,不输的话,可直接enter跳过Password:  123456    # 密码Password (again):  123456    # 确认密码Superuser created successfully.Installing custom SQL ...Installing indexes ...Installed 0 object(s) from 0 fixture(s)

六、uWSGI搭配Nginx+Django使用

1. Nginx 配置

   #在 nginx.conf 上加入/修改,我的 server 配置如下(一切从简……):

server {        listen       80;        server_name  localhost;        #charset koi8-r;        add_header X-Frame-Options SAMEORIGIN;        add_header X-XSS-Protection "1;mode=block";        server_tokens off;        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;        access_log  /usr/local/nginx-1.6.2/logs/access.log;        error_log  /usr/local/nginx-1.6.2/logs/error.log;     
        location /static {
alias /usr/local/python2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/contrib/admin/static/;
        }
        location / {                uwsgi_pass      127.0.0.1:8011;                include         uwsgi_params;        }        #error_page  404              /404.html;}

2. uWSGI 配置

   # ini 配置

root@localhost 14:02:56 ~ => mkdir -p /etc/uwsgi/logsroot@localhost 14:02:56 ~ => vi /etc/uwsgi/uwsgi.ini[uwsgi]socket=127.0.0.1:8011listen=128max-requests=1000socket-timeout=10master=true  pidfile=/etc/uwsgi/logs/uwsgi.pidprocesses=1pythonpath=/App/django-websites/websites/chdir=/App/django-websites/websites/websitesmodule=websites.wsgi:application  profiler=true  memory-report=true  enable-threads=true  logdate=true  limit-as=256uid=nobodygid=nobodydaemonize=/etc/uwsgi/logs/django.log

   # 启动uwsgi

root@localhost 14:06:09 ~ => uwsgi /etc/uwsgi/uwsgi.ini[uWSGI] getting INI configuration from /etc/uwsgi/uwsgi.ini

  # 每一次Django后台数据库进行修改,均需要重启uwsgi,其重启可通过kill掉/etc/uwsgi/logs/uwsgi.pid,再利用“uwsgi /etc/uwsgi/uwsgi.ini”启动即可。

七、完成安装

   至此,Nginx+PostgreSQL+Django+UWSGI搭建已全部完成,我们在网页浏览器打开:http://localhost/admin/,输入五(4)中设置的用户名(django)和密码(django)登录Django的后台数据库管理界面,即可看到相应的后台数据库信息。

技术分享

Nginx+PostgreSQL+Django+UWSGI搭建