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$.data()、$().data

两个方法很相似,但是有区别,简单说一下:

$.data():jq的静态方法,也就是jQuery.data()直接调用

$().data():实例方法,先有实例,才能调用这个方法,例如:$("#id").data("name","zhangsan")

区别:

通过例子说下:

var div1 = $("#d1");
var div2 = $("#d1");
$.data(div1, "name", "zhangsan");
$.data(div2, "name", "lisi");
document.write($.data(div1).name);//zhangsan
document.write($.data(div2).name);//zhangsan

div1.data("name", "zhangsan");
div2.data("name", "lisi");
document.write(div1.data("name"));//lisi
document.write(div2.data("name"));//lisi

 

顺便说一下他们定义的来源,$.extend(),$.fn.extend();这篇文章讲的不错,大家可以看一下http://caibaojian.com/jquery-extend-and-jquery-fn-extend.html

$.extend():增加全局函数、对象,相当于给jQuery这个类增加了静态方法

$.fn.extend():这个是对jQuery.prototype进得扩展(原来 jQuery.fn = jQuery.prototype),就是为jQuery类添加“成员函数”

ok,进入正题,先来看静态方法:$.data();

举几个例子:

$.data($("#id"),"name","zhangsan");

$.data({},"name","zhangsan");

$.data({},{"name",function(){}});

等等jQuery.extend({

    data: function( elem, name, data ) {		return internalData( elem, name, data );	}    ...}//内部方法function internalData( elem, name, data, pvt /* Internal Use Only */ ){
     //检测这个elem是否可接受数据 if ( !jQuery.acceptData( elem ) ) { return; }     var thisCache, ret,
          //随机号,jquery加载的时候初始化它,expando: "jQuery" + ( core_version + Math.random() ).replace( /\D/g, "" ) internalKey = jQuery.expando,
          //name是string类型为true getByName = typeof name === "string", // We have to handle DOM nodes and JS objects differently because IE6-7 // can‘t GC object references properly across the DOM-JS boundary
         // 必须区分处理DOM元素和JS对象,因为IE6-7不能垃圾回收对象跨DOM对象和JS对象进行的引用属性(这个目前还不太懂)
isNode = elem.nodeType, // Only DOM nodes need the global jQuery cache; JS object data is // attached directly to the object so GC can occur automatically
         //如果是dom节点,则cache取jq全局的cache,否则取elem本身,这个也是静态和实例data方法的一个重要区别 cache = isNode ? jQuery.cache : elem,         // Only defining an ID for JS objects if its cache already exists allows // the code to shortcut on the same path as a DOM node with no cache
          //如果已经存在cache,则直接取,如果不存在则undefined id = isNode ? elem[ internalKey ] : elem[ internalKey ] && internalKey; // Avoid doing any more work than we need to when trying to get data on an // object that has no data at all
     //对象没有任何数据,直接返回 if ( (!id || !cache[id] || (!pvt && !cache[id].data)) && getByName && data =http://www.mamicode.com/== undefined ) {>         //如果是dom节点,则添加internalKey/guid这个键值对到elem上,方便以后调用 if ( isNode ) { elem[ internalKey ] = id = core_deletedIds.pop() || jQuery.guid++; } else {//非dom节点,比如自己创建的对象{} id = internalKey; } }     //cache[id]不存在则添加一个空对象 if ( !cache[ id ] ) { cache[ id ] = {}; // Avoids exposing jQuery metadata on plain JS objects when the object // is serialized using JSON.stringify
         //废掉cache[id]的toJSON方法,防止这个对象进行序列化通过toJSON方法,从而暴露jQuery的元数据(还不太理解) if ( !isNode ) { cache[ id ].toJSON = jQuery.noop; } } // An object can be passed to jQuery.data instead of a key/value pair; this gets // shallow copied over onto the existing cache
//如果是对象或者函数,则浅克隆它到cache[id]的data属性 if ( typeof name === "object" || typeof name === "function" ) { if ( pvt ) { cache[ id ] = jQuery.extend( cache[ id ], name ); } else { cache[ id ].data = http://www.mamicode.com/jQuery.extend( cache[ id ].data, name );>     //不是内部元素的话定义赋值cache相关属性 if ( !pvt ) {
          //cache[id].data不存在则创建
if ( !thisCache.data ) { thisCache.data = http://www.mamicode.com/{};>          //camelCase这个函数是驼峰函数,进行一些大小写的,如a-and-b-》aAndB thisCache[ jQuery.camelCase( name ) ] = data; } // Check for both converted-to-camel and non-converted data property names // If a data property was specified
如果name是String类型的,则取对应的data值(“zhangsan”),否则返回cache中的data对象({name:funciton(){}}) if ( getByName ) { // First Try to find as-is property data ret = thisCache[ name ]; // Test for null|undefined property data if ( ret == null ) { // Try to find the camelCased property ret = thisCache[ jQuery.camelCase( name ) ]; } } else { ret = thisCache; } return ret;}

  

$.data()、$().data