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MongoDB整理笔记のReplica Sets + Sharding
MongoDB Auto-Sharding 解决了海量存储和动态扩容的问题，但离实际生产环境所需的高可靠、高可用还有些距离，所以有了"Replica Sets + Sharding"的解决方案。
shard:
使用Replica Sets，确保每个数据节点都具有备份，自动容错转移，自动回复能力。
config:
使用3个配置服务器，确保元数据的完整性。
route:
使用3个路由进程，实现负载均衡，提高客户端接入性能。
配置Replica Sets + Sharding 架构图：
配置Replica Sets + Sharding
（1）配置shard1所用到的Replica Sets
在server A上
[root@localhost bin]# /Apps/mongo/bin/mongod --shardsvr --replSet shard1 --port 27017--dbpath /data/shard1_1 --logpath /data/shard1_1/shard1_1.log --logappend --fork[root@localhost bin]# all output going to: /data/shard1_1/shard1_1.logforked process: 18923
在server B上
[root@localhost bin]# /Apps/mongo/bin/mongod --shardsvr --replSet shard1 --port 27017--dbpath /data/shard1_2 --logpath /data/shard1_2/shard1_2.log --logappend --forkforked process: 18859[root@localhost bin]# all output going to: /data/shard1_2/shard1_2.log[root@localhost bin]#
在Server C 上
[root@localhost bin]# /Apps/mongo/bin/mongod --shardsvr --replSet shard1 --port 27017--dbpath /data/shard1_3 --logpath /data/shard1_3/shard1_3.log --logappend --forkall output going to: /data/shard1_3/shard1_3.logforked process: 18768[root@localhost bin]#
用mongo 连接其中一台机器的27017 端口的mongod，初始化Replica Sets“shard1”，执行:
[root@localhost bin]# ./mongo --port 27017MongoDB shell version: 1.8.1connecting to: 127.0.0.1:27017/test> config = {_id: ‘shard1‘, members: [... {_id: 0, host: ‘192.168.3.231:27017‘},... {_id: 1, host: ‘192.168.3.232:27017‘},... {_id: 2, host: ‘192.168.3.233:27017‘}]... }……> rs.initiate(config){"info" : "Config now saved locally. Should come online in about a minute.","ok" : 1}
（2）配置shard2所用到的Replica Sets
在server A上
[root@localhost bin]# /Apps/mongo/bin/mongod --shardsvr --replSet shard2 --port 27018--dbpath /data/shard2_1 --logpath /data/shard2_1/shard2_1.log --logappend --forkall output going to: /data/shard2_1/shard2_1.log[root@localhost bin]# forked process: 18993[root@localhost bin]#
在server B上
[root@localhost bin]# /Apps/mongo/bin/mongod --shardsvr --replSet shard2 --port 27018--dbpath /data/shard2_2 --logpath /data/shard2_2/shard2_2.log --logappend --forkall output going to: /data/shard2_2/shard2_2.logforked process: 18923[root@localhost bin]#
在Server C上
[root@localhost bin]# /Apps/mongo/bin/mongod --shardsvr --replSet shard2 --port 27018--dbpath /data/shard2_3 --logpath /data/shard2_3/shard2_3.log --logappend --fork[root@localhost bin]# all output going to: /data/shard2_3/shard2_3.logforked process: 18824[root@localhost bin]#
用mongo 连接其中一台机器的27018 端口的mongod，初始化Replica Sets “shard2”，执行:
[root@localhost bin]# ./mongo --port 27018MongoDB shell version: 1.8.1connecting to: 127.0.0.1:27018/test> config = {_id: ‘shard2‘, members: [... {_id: 0, host: ‘192.168.3.231:27018‘},... {_id: 1, host: ‘192.168.3.232:27018‘},... {_id: 2, host: ‘192.168.3.233:27018‘}]... }……> rs.initiate(config){"info" : "Config now saved locally. Should come online in about a minute.","ok" : 1db.runCommand({ enablesharding:"test" })db.runCommand({ shardcollection: "test.users", key: { _id:1 }})}
（3）配置3 台Config Server
在Server A、B、C上执行:
/Apps/mongo/bin/mongod --configsvr --dbpath /data/config --port 20000 --logpath/data/config/config.log --logappend --fork （4）配置3台Route Process
在Server A、B、C上执行:
/Apps/mongo/bin/mongos --configdb192.168.3.231:20000,192.168.3.232:20000,192.168.3.233:20000 --port 30000 --chunkSize 1--logpath /data/mongos.log --logappend --fork （5）配置Shard Cluster
连接到其中一台机器的端口30000 的mongos 进程，并切换到admin 数据库做以下配置
[root@localhost bin]# ./mongo --port 30000MongoDB shell version: 1.8.1connecting to: 127.0.0.1:30000/test> use adminswitched to db admin>db.runCommand({addshard:"shard1/192.168.3.231:27017,192.168.3.232:27017,192.168.3.233:27017"});{ "shardAdded" : "shard1", "ok" : 1 }>db.runCommand({addshard:"shard2/192.168.3.231:27018,192.168.3.232:27018,192.168.3.233:27018"});{ "shardAdded" : "shard2", "ok" : 1 }>
激活数据库及集合的分片
db.runCommand({ enablesharding:"test" })db.runCommand({ shardcollection: "test.users", key: { _id:1 }}) （6）验证Sharding正常工作
连接到其中一台机器的端口30000 的mongos 进程，并切换到test 数据库，以便添加测试数据
use testfor(var i=1;i<=200000;i++) db.users.insert({id:i,addr_1:"Beijing",addr_2:"Shanghai"});db.users.stats(){"sharded" : true,"ns" : "test.users","count" : 200000,"size" : 25600384,"avgObjSize" : 128,"storageSize" : 44509696,"nindexes" : 2,"nchunks" : 15,"shards" : {"shard0000" : {……},"shard0001" : {……}},"ok" : 1}
可以看到Sharding搭建成功了，跟我们期望的结果一致，至此我们就将Replica Sets与Sharding结合的架构也学习完毕了!
MongoDB整理笔记のReplica Sets + Sharding