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IVM

PE(physical extend)  物理扩展

PV(physcial volume)  物理卷

VG(volume group)  卷组

LV(logical volume)  逻辑卷

创建LVM

  1 [root@zq ~]# fdisk -l      #查看磁盘信息  共有三个磁盘sdb  sdc sda
  2 
  3 磁盘 /dev/sdb:10.7 GB, 10737418240 字节,20971520 个扇区
  4 Units = 扇区 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
  5 扇区大小(逻辑/物理):512 字节 / 512 字节
  6 I/O 大小(最小/最佳):512 字节 / 512 字节
  7 
  8 
  9 磁盘 /dev/sdc:10.7 GB, 10737418240 字节,20971520 个扇区
 10 Units = 扇区 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
 11 扇区大小(逻辑/物理):512 字节 / 512 字节
 12 I/O 大小(最小/最佳):512 字节 / 512 字节
 13 
 14 
 15 磁盘 /dev/sda:42.9 GB, 42949672960 字节,83886080 个扇区
 16 Units = 扇区 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
 17 扇区大小(逻辑/物理):512 字节 / 512 字节
 18 I/O 大小(最小/最佳):512 字节 / 512 字节
 19 磁盘标签类型:dos
 20 磁盘标识符:0x000c73ce
 21 
 22    设备 Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
 23 /dev/sda1   *        2048     1026047      512000   83  Linux
 24 /dev/sda2         1026048     5122047     2048000   82  Linux swap / Solaris
 25 /dev/sda3         5122048    47065087    20971520   83  Linux
 26 [root@zq ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb /dev/sdc   #将物理磁盘设备初始化为物理卷
 27   Physical volume "/dev/sdb" successfully created
 28   Physical volume "/dev/sdc" successfully created
 29 [root@zq ~]# pvs                #查看物理卷信息
 30   PV         VG   Fmt  Attr PSize  PFree 
 31   /dev/sdb        lvm2 ---  10.00g 10.00g
 32   /dev/sdc        lvm2 ---  10.00g 10.00g
 33 [root@zq ~]# pvdisplay   #查看物理卷详细信息
 34   "/dev/sdc" is a new physical volume of "10.00 GiB"
 35   --- NEW Physical volume ---
 36   PV Name               /dev/sdc
 37   VG Name               
 38   PV Size               10.00 GiB
 39   Allocatable           NO
 40   PE Size               0   
 41   Total PE              0
 42   Free PE               0
 43   Allocated PE          0
 44   PV UUID               KP4AoJ-LAHP-RQTx-QOeL-6VPy-14Ji-sGQI0Q
 45    
 46   "/dev/sdb" is a new physical volume of "10.00 GiB"
 47   --- NEW Physical volume ---
 48   PV Name               /dev/sdb
 49   VG Name               
 50   PV Size               10.00 GiB
 51   Allocatable           NO
 52   PE Size               0   
 53   Total PE              0
 54   Free PE               0
 55   Allocated PE          0
 56   PV UUID               ef6lqL-1rQZ-Zl3p-79RS-myKg-kS2f-Z2FkNZ
 57    
 58 [root@zq ~]# vgcreate zq /dev/sdb /dev/sdc          #创建卷组zq  并将pv加入卷组中
 59   Volume group "zq" successfully created
 60 [root@zq ~]# vgs              #查看卷组信息
 61   VG   #PV #LV #SN Attr   VSize  VFree 
 62   zq     2   0   0 wz--n- 19.99g 19.99g
 63 [root@zq ~]# vgdisplay           #查看卷组详细信息
 64   --- Volume group ---
 65   VG Name               zq
 66   System ID             
 67   Format                lvm2
 68   Metadata Areas        2
 69   Metadata Sequence No  1
 70   VG Access             read/write
 71   VG Status             resizable
 72   MAX LV                0
 73   Cur LV                0
 74   Open LV               0
 75   Max PV                0
 76   Cur PV                2
 77   Act PV                2
 78   VG Size               19.99 GiB      #总共大小
 79   PE Size               4.00 MiB    #以pe为单位
 80   Total PE              5118
 81   Alloc PE / Size       0 / 0   
 82   Free  PE / Size       5118 / 19.99 GiB
 83   VG UUID               vtJbuL-XjMj-vlX5-9dZd-A9dW-P24Z-wTmpG3
 84    
 85 [root@zq ~]# lvcreate -n mylv -L 2G zq      #基于卷组创建逻辑卷 -n 逻辑卷名字mylv  -L  指定逻辑卷大小为2g  来自zq卷组
 86   Logical volume "mylv" created.
 87 [root@zq ~]# lvs              #查看卷组信息
 88   LV   VG   Attr       LSize Pool Origin Data%  Meta%  Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
 89   mylv zq   -wi-a----- 2.00g           #有一个名为mylv的逻辑卷,来自zq卷组,大小为2g                                         
 90 [root@zq ~]# lvdisplay     #查看卷组详细信息
 91   --- Logical volume ---
 92   LV Path                /dev/zq/mylv   #逻辑卷的路径    
 93   LV Name                mylv
 94   VG Name                zq
 95   LV UUID                4MQIJs-hoTw-495Z-PVCN-NehI-LBZz-S93LEf
 96   LV Write Access        read/write
 97   LV Creation host, time zq, 2017-05-15 23:26:41 +0800
 98   LV Status              available
 99   # open                 0
100   LV Size                2.00 GiB   #逻辑卷的大小为2g
101   Current LE             512
102   Segments               1
103   Allocation             inherit
104   Read ahead sectors     auto
105   - currently set to     8192
106   Block device           253:0
[root@zq ~]# ls /dev/zq   #在这个目录下可以查看到创建的lv
mylv
[root@zq ~]# ls /dev/zq/mylv 
/dev/zq/mylv
[root@zq ~]# cd /dev/zq
[root@zq zq]# ls
mylv
[root@zq zq]# lvcreate -n mylv1 -L 2G zq   #可以再次创建
  Logical volume "mylv1" created.
[root@zq zq]# ls
mylv  mylv1
[root@zq zq]# ll
总用量 0
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 5月  15 23:26 mylv -> ../dm-0
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 5月  15 23:38 mylv1 -> ../dm-1
[root@zq zq]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/zq/mylv     #为创建好的逻辑卷格式化创建文件系统
mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
文件系统标签=
OS type: Linux
块大小=4096 (log=2)
分块大小=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
131072 inodes, 524288 blocks
26214 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
第一个数据块=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=536870912
16 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks: 
    32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912

Allocating group tables: 完成                            
正在写入inode表: 完成                            
Creating journal (16384 blocks): 完成
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: 完成 
[root@zq zq]# mount /dev/zq/mylv /mnt/     #将格式化好的逻辑卷挂载使用
[root@zq zq]# cd /mnt/
[root@zq mnt]# ls
lost+found
[root@zq mnt]# touch zq.net
[root@zq mnt]# ls
lost+found  zq.net
[root@zq mnt]# mount               #这里可以看到挂载成功/dev/mapper/zq-mylv on /mnt type ext4 (rw,relatime,data=http://www.mamicode.com/ordered)    #发现路径跟我们上面的不一样/dev/mapper
[root@zq mnt]# ll
总用量 16
drwx------ 2 root root 16384 5月  15 23:41 lost+found
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root     0 5月  15 23:43 zq.net
[root@zq mnt]# cd /dev/mapper/         #实际路径是这样的
[root@zq mapper]# ls
control  zq-mylv  zq-mylv1
[root@zq mapper]# lvs     
  LV    VG   Attr       LSize Pool Origin Data%  Meta%  Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
  mylv  zq   -wi-ao---- 2.00g                                                    
  mylv1 zq   -wi-a----- 2.00g    #这里有两个逻辑卷,只要空间够可以随意创建   

删除LVM

[root@zq ~]# ls /mnt/  #查看挂载目录
lost+found  zq.net
[root@zq ~]# umount /mnt/   #卸载挂载目录
[root@zq ~]# ls /mnt/   #没有了发现zq.net
addons  images      Packages                 RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release
EFI     isolinux    release-notes            TRANS.TBL
EULA    LiveOS      repodata
GPL     media.repo  RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-beta
[root@zq ~]# lvremove /dev/zq/mylv mylv1    #删除逻辑卷
Do you really want to remove active logical volume mylv? [y/n]: y
  Logical volume "mylv" successfully removed
  Volume group "mylv1" not found
  Cannot process volume group mylv1
[root@zq ~]# lvremove /dev/zq/mylv1
Do you really want to remove active logical volume mylv1? [y/n]: y
  Logical volume "mylv1" successfully removed
[root@zq ~]# lvs
[root@zq ~]# vgremove /dev/zq     #删除卷组
  Volume group "zq" successfully removed
[root@zq ~]# vgs
[root@zq ~]# ls /dev/zq
ls: 无法访问/dev/zq: 没有那个文件或目录
[root@zq ~]# vgremove zq
  Volume group "zq" not found
  Cannot process volume group zq
[root@zq ~]# pvremove /dev/sdc    #删除物理卷
  Labels on physical volume "/dev/sdc" successfully wiped
[root@zq ~]# pvremove /dev/sdb
  Labels on physical volume "/dev/sdb" successfully wiped
[root@zq ~]# pvs

注意:必须按顺序来

IVM