#include<cstdio>
#include<cstring>
#include<cctype>
#include<algorithm>
#include<queue>
#include<stack>
using namespace std;
#define rep(i,s,t) for(int i=s;i<=t;i++)
#define dwn(i,s,t) for(int i=s;i>=t;i--)
#define clr(x,c) memset(x,c,sizeof(x))
#define qwq(x) for(edge *o=head[x];o;o=o->next)
#define qaq(x) for(edge *o=hd[x];o;o=o->next)
#define TAT(x) for(edge *o=eo[x];o;o=o->next)
int read(){
	int x=0;char c=getchar();
	while(!isdigit(c)) c=getchar();
	while(isdigit(c)) x=x*10+c-‘0‘,c=getchar();
	return x;
}
const int nmax=1e5+5;
const int inf=0x7f7f7f7f;

struct edge{
	int to;edge *next;
};edge es[nmax],edges[nmax<<1],*pt=es,*head[nmax],*hd[nmax],*eo[nmax];
void add(int u,int v){
	pt->to=v;pt->next=head[u];head[u]=pt++;
}
void adde(int u,int v){
	pt->to=v;pt->next=hd[u];hd[u]=pt++;
	pt->to=u;pt->next=eo[v];eo[v]=pt++;
}
int pre[nmax],dfs_clock=0,scc_cnt=0,sccno[nmax],sm[nmax];
stack<int>s;
int dfs(int x){
	int lowu=pre[x]=++dfs_clock;s.push(x);
	qwq(x){
		if(!pre[o->to]) lowu=min(lowu,dfs(o->to));
		else if(!sccno[o->to]) lowu=min(lowu,pre[o->to]);
	}
	if(lowu==pre[x]){
		++scc_cnt;int tc=0;
		while(1){
			int tx=s.top();s.pop();
			sccno[tx]=scc_cnt;++tc;
			if(x==tx) break;
		}
		sm[scc_cnt]=tc;
	}
	return lowu;
}

queue<int>q;bool vis[nmax];int f[nmax],g[nmax];
int test_cnt=0;
void bfs1(int x){
	q.push(x);f[x]=sm[x];int tx;clr(vis,0);
	while(!q.empty()){
		tx=q.front();q.pop();vis[tx]=0;
		qaq(tx) if(f[o->to]<f[tx]+sm[o->to]){
			f[o->to]=f[tx]+sm[o->to];
			if(!vis[o->to]) q.push(o->to),vis[o->to]=1;
		}
	}
}
void bfs2(int x){
	q.push(x);g[x]=sm[x];int tx;clr(vis,0);
	while(!q.empty()){
		tx=q.front();q.pop();vis[tx]=0;
		TAT(tx) if(g[o->to]<g[tx]+sm[o->to]){
			g[o->to]=g[tx]+sm[o->to];
			if(!vis[o->to]) q.push(o->to),vis[o->to]=1;
		}
	}
}

int main(){
	int n=read(),m=read(),u,v;
	rep(i,1,m) u=read(),v=read(),add(u,v);
	rep(i,1,n) if(!pre[i]) dfs(i);
	//rep(i,1,n) printf("%d ",sccno[i]);printf("\n");
	
	pt=edges;
	rep(i,1,n) qwq(i) if(sccno[i]!=sccno[o->to]) adde(sccno[i],sccno[o->to]);
	bfs1(sccno[1]);bfs2(sccno[1]);
	//rep(i,1,scc_cnt) printf("%d %d\n",f[i],g[i]);
	
	int ans=sm[sccno[1]];
	rep(i,1,scc_cnt) qaq(i) {
		if(g[i]&&f[o->to]) ans=max(ans,g[i]+f[o->to]-sm[sccno[1]]);
	}
	printf("%d\n",ans);return 0;
}

In an effort to better manage the grazing patterns of his cows, Farmer John has installed one-way cow paths all over his farm. The farm consists of N fields, conveniently numbered 1..N, with each one-way cow path connecting a pair of fields. For example, if a path connects from field X to field Y, then cows are allowed to travel from X to Y but not from Y to X. Bessie the cow, as we all know, enjoys eating grass from as many fields as possible. She always starts in field 1 at the beginning of the day and visits a sequence of fields, returning to field 1 at the end of the day. She tries to maximize the number of distinct fields along her route, since she gets to eat the grass in each one (if she visits a field multiple times, she only eats the grass there once). As one might imagine, Bessie is not particularly happy about the one-way restriction on FJ‘s paths, since this will likely reduce the number of distinct fields she can possibly visit along her daily route. She wonders how much grass she will be able to eat if she breaks the rules and follows up to one path in the wrong direction. Please compute the maximum number of distinct fields she can visit along a route starting and ending at field 1, where she can follow up to one path along the route in the wrong direction. Bessie can only travel backwards at most once in her journey. In particular, she cannot even take the same path backwards twice.
给一个有向图，然后选一条路径起点终点都为1的路径出来，有一次机会可以沿某条边逆方向走，问最多有多少个点可以被经过？（一个点在路径中无论出现多少正整数次对答案的贡献均为1）

Gold&鸣谢18357