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tornado的GET POST方法示例

例子说明get和post的方法使用:

一、示例用的GET方法:

import tornado.ioloop
import tornado.web

class MainHandler(tornado.web.RequestHandler):
    def get(self):
        self.write("Hello, world")

application = tornado.web.Application([
    (r"/", MainHandler),
])


if __name__ == "__main__":
    application.listen(8888)
    tornado.ioloop.IOLoop.instance().start()

运行
# python tornado_example.py,
然后打开浏览器,输入http://ip:8888就看到页面输出Hello, world了。

二、GET&POST 代码

1. tornado-serv.py

#!/usr/bin/python
# File : tornado-serv.py

import torndb
import tornado.web
import tornado.ioloop
from tornado.options import define,options,parse_command_line

define(‘port‘,default=8888,help=‘run on the port‘,type=int)
database=torndb.Connection(‘localhost‘,‘talk‘,user=‘root‘,password=‘123456‘)
l=[]
class MainHandler(tornado.web.RequestHandler):
     def get(self):
          self.render(‘example.html‘,title=‘Tornado GET&POST‘,items=l)
     def post(self):
          count=1
          print(self.request.remote_ip)
          talk=self.get_argument(‘talk‘)
          talk=str(talk)
          database.execute(‘insert into chatting(id,content) values(%d,"%s")‘%(count,talk))
          l.append(talk)
          self.render(‘example.html‘,title=‘Tornado GET&POST‘,items=l)
?
def main():
     parse_command_line()
     app=tornado.web.Application(
                      [(r‘/‘,MainHandler),
                      ],)
     app.listen(options.port)
     tornado.ioloop.IOLoop.instance().start()

if __name__==‘__main__‘:
     main()
?

2. example.html的内容如下:

<html>
    <head>
        <title>{{title}}</title>
    </head>
<body>
    <form name=‘input‘ action=‘/‘ method=‘post‘>
        talk:
        <input type=‘text‘ name=‘talk‘/>
        <input type=‘submit‘ value=http://www.mamicode.com/‘send‘/>
    </form>
    <ul>
           {%for i in items%}
           <li>{{escape(i)}}</li>
           {%end%}
     </ul>
</body>
</html>

三、数据库操作

以root帐号连接到mysql服务器:
# mysql -u root 
           
如果提示找不到mysql文件,请尝试使用绝对路径,如本文示例为:
# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root 

命令成功执行后将进入到mysql命令提示符下:
1. 设置从本地主机登录的root帐号密码:
mysql> set password for root@localhost=password(‘123456‘);

2. 创建"talk"数据库
mysql> create database talk;

3. 创建"chatting"表
mysql> use talk;
mysql> create table chatting(id int, content char(128));

4. 查看表
mysql> describe chatting;
+---------+-----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field   | Type      | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+---------+-----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| id      | int(11)   | YES  |     | NULL    |       | 
| content | char(128) | YES  |     | NULL    |       | 
+---------+-----------+------+-----+---------+-------+

四、出错问题解决

1. 运行 tornado-serv.py时报错:
python tornado_serv.py 
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "tornado_serv.py", line 6, in <module>
    import torndb
ImportError: No module named torndb

解决:
需要安装 torndb
# pip install torndb


2. 运行 tornado-serv.py时报错:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "tornado_serv.py", line 6, in <module>
    import torndb
  File "/usr/local/python2.7.3/lib/python2.7/site-packages/torndb.py", line 33, in <module>
    import MySQLdb.constants
ImportError: No module named MySQLdb.constants

解决:
安装MySQL-python-1.2.3
# wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/mysql-python/files/mysql-python/1.2.3/MySQL-python-1.2.3.tar.gz/download
# tar zxf MySQL-python-1.2.3.tar.gz && cd MySQL-python-1.2.3
# python setup.py build
# python setup.py install

如果在执行python setup.py build时,报EnvironmentError: mysql_config not found的话,
先查找mysql_config的位置,使用
# find / -name mysql_config
我的是在/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config,
然后修改MySQL-python-1.2.3目录下的site.cfg文件,
去掉mysql_config=XXX这行的注释,并改成
mysql_config=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config,
以自己机器的为准.

如果没有找到,则表示你的服务器没有安装mysql,需要先安装。

再执行下面命令就可以了
python setup.py build
python setup.py install

3. 运行 python tornado_serv.py  时报错:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "tornado_serv.py", line 6, in <module>
    import torndb
  File "/usr/local/python2.7.3/lib/python2.7/site-packages/torndb.py", line 33, in <module>
    import MySQLdb.constants
  File "build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/MySQLdb/__init__.py", line 19, in <module>
  File "build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/_mysql.py", line 7, in <module>
  File "build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/_mysql.py", line 6, in __bootstrap__
ImportError: libmysqlclient_r.so.15: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

解决:
查找动态库 libmysqlclient_r.so
# find / -name libmysqlclient_r.so
/usr/local/mysql/lib/mysql/libmysqlclient_r.so
将包含库的目录 /usr/local/mysql/lib/mysql
添加到库查找路径
# vim /etc/ld.so.conf
最后一行添加:
/usr/local/mysql/lib/mysql
【保存并退出】
# ldconfig

4. python tornado_serv.py 
ERROR:root:Cannot connect to MySQL on localhost
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/python2.7.3/lib/python2.7/site-packages/torndb.py", line 96, in __init__
    self.reconnect()
  File "/usr/local/python2.7.3/lib/python2.7/site-packages/torndb.py", line 113, in reconnect
    self._db = MySQLdb.connect(**self._db_args)
  File "build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/MySQLdb/__init__.py", line 81, in Connect
    return Connection(*args, **kwargs)
  File "build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/MySQLdb/connections.py", line 187, in __init__
    super(Connection, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs2)
OperationalError: (1045, "Access denied for user ‘root‘@‘localhost‘ (using password: YES)")

解决:
是因为数据库没有设置并创建表;

五、页面测试

浏览器打开 "http://ip:8888" 的时候,发出 "GET"请求,请求根目录"/",

根据tornado.web.Application中参数列表中元组对(r‘/‘,MainHandler),于是找到MainHandler类,
这个类继承了tornado.web.RequestHandler类,但是它里面没有定义get和post方法(具体可以看源码),
所以在MainHandler类中定义。
由于我只在用户第一次访问网站时处理get方法,
所以就是render example.html 就可以了。

之后传递数据全用 "POST" 方法,并把网页上输入的数据存放到数据库中。

浏览器显示如下:


数据库中显示如下:
mysql> select * from chatting;
+------+--------------------------+
| id   | content                  |
+------+--------------------------+
|    1 | hello                    | 
|    1 | who                      | 
|    1 | this is                  | 
|    1 | what are you doing       | 
|    1 | fet                      | 
|    1 | this is my first version | 
+------+--------------------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

终端显示如下:
[@ltv_13 python_study]# python tornado_serv.py 
[I 140719 10:11:17 web:1811] 304 GET / (192.168.9.91) 3.42ms
192.168.9.91
[I 140719 10:11:20 web:1811] 200 POST / (192.168.9.91) 1.13ms
192.168.9.91
[I 140719 10:11:25 web:1811] 200 POST / (192.168.9.91) 0.85ms
192.168.9.91
[I 140719 10:11:35 web:1811] 200 POST / (192.168.9.91) 0.80ms
192.168.9.91
[I 140719 10:11:46 web:1811] 200 POST / (192.168.9.91) 0.82ms
192.168.9.91
[I 140719 10:11:51 web:1811] 200 POST / (192.168.9.91) 0.78ms
192.168.9.91
[I 140719 10:12:09 web:1811] 200 POST / (192.168?.9.91) 0.99ms