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菜鸟学Struts2——Interceptors
昨天学习Struts2的Convention plugin,今天利用Convention plugin进行Interceptor学习,虽然是使用Convention plugin进行零配置开发,这只是在Interceptor的使用上,定义Interceptor还是使用strutx.xml配置形式。Interceptors模块如下图:
(1)编写Interceptor
自定义Interceptor可以实现com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.Interceptor接口,也是继承com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.AbstractInterceptor,实际上AbstractInterceptor就是实现了Interceptor接口,并提供init()和destroy()的默认实现(空实现)。这里直接继承AbstractInterceptor,写一个为Action设值的拦截器,代码如下:
1 package yaolin.core.interceptor; 2 import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionInvocation; 3 import com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.AbstractInterceptor; 4 import yaolin.core.action.OutAction; 5 6 public class ValueInterceptor extends AbstractInterceptor { 7 private static final long serialVersionUID = -8801972415271737380L; 8 9 //resultCode = interceptor.getInterceptor().intercept(DefaultActionInvocation.this); 10 @Override 11 public String intercept(ActionInvocation invocation) throws Exception { 12 OutAction action = null; 13 if (invocation.getAction() instanceof OutAction) { 14 action = (OutAction) invocation.getAction(); 15 action.setBefore("before"); 16 } 17 invocation.invoke(); 18 // invoke all interceptor 19 // resultCode = invokeActionOnly(); 20 // executeResult(); 这里已经执行了executeResult(),所以下面的return不会对result产生影响。 21 // continue valueInterceptor 22 if (action != null) { 23 // 上面已经执行了invokeActionOnly(),所以这里的设值不会影响值栈 24 action.setAfter("after"); 25 } 26 return invocation.getResultCode(); 27 } 28 29 }
(2)配置Interceptor
在struts.xml配置这个Interceptor :
1 <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC 2 "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN" 3 "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd"> 4 <struts> 5 <constant name="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation" value="true" /> 6 <package name="v"> 7 <interceptors> 8 <interceptor name="valueInterceptor" class="yaolin.core.interceptor.ValueInterceptor"></interceptor> 9 </interceptors> 10 </package> 11 </struts>
(3)在Action中使用Interceptor
Action除了execute()方法外有两个属性before和after,并提供getter和setter,在Action中加入@InterceptorRef("valueInterceptor")注解,指定拦截器"valueInterceptor"
1 package yaolin.core.action; 2 3 import org.apache.struts2.convention.annotation.InterceptorRef; 4 import org.apache.struts2.convention.annotation.ParentPackage; 5 6 /** 7 * /out.action 8 * @author yaolin 9 */ 10 @ParentPackage("v") 11 @InterceptorRef("valueInterceptor") 12 public class OutAction { 13 14 private String before; 15 private String after; 16 17 public String execute() { 18 return "success"; 19 } 20 21 public String getBefore() { 22 return before; 23 } 24 public void setBefore(String before) { 25 this.before = before; 26 } 27 public String getAfter() { 28 return after; 29 } 30 public void setAfter(String after) { 31 this.after = after; 32 } 33 }
注意这里要加入@ParentPackage("v")指定继承的父包,如果这里不指定的话会出现找不到Interceptor的异常。这一段在文档中是这样描述的:
包配置(com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.entities.PackageConfig)
页面上直接获取before和after的值,out.jsp如下:
结果(解释见Interceptor的注释):
下面是使用xml配置Action时,拦截器的配置例子:
1 <package name="default" extends="struts-default"> 2 <interceptors> 3 <interceptor name="timer" class=".."/> 4 <interceptor name="logger" class=".."/> 5 <interceptor-stack name="myStack"> 6 <interceptor-ref name="timer"/> 7 <interceptor-ref name="logger"/> 8 </interceptor-stack> 9 </interceptors> 10 11 <action name="login" 12 class="tutuorial.Login"> 13 <interceptor-ref name="myStack"/> 14 <result name="input">login.jsp</result> 15 <result name="success" 16 type="redirectAction">/secure/home</result> 17 </action> 18 </package>
菜鸟学Struts2——Interceptors