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3. Longest Substring Without Repeating Characters
Given a string, find the length of the longest substring without repeating characters.
Examples:
Given "abcabcbb"
, the answer is "abc"
, which the length is 3.
Given "bbbbb"
, the answer is "b"
, with the length of 1.
Given "pwwkew"
, the answer is "wke"
, with the length of 3. Note that the answer must be a substring, "pwke"
is a subsequence and not a substring.
分析
假设子串里含有重复字符,则父串一定含有重复字符,单个子问题就可以决定父问题,因此可以用贪心法Greedy Algorithm。跟动规不同,动规里,单个子问题只能影响父问题,不足以决定父问题。从左往右扫描,当遇到重复字母时,以上一个重复字母的 index+1,作为新的搜索起始位置,直到最后一个字母,复杂度是 O(n)。
该题的关键在于利用一个数组记录每个字母上一次的出现位置 postion
time complexity O(n)
space complexity O(1)
class Solution {
public:
int lengthOfLongestSubstring(string s) {
int start = 0, maxlen = 0, position[128] = {-1};
fill(position, position + 128, -1);
for( int i = 0; i < s.size(); ++i){
if( position[s[i]] >= start){//说明在start后面出现了两个重复字母,需要计算子串
maxlen = max( maxlen, i - start);
start = position[s[i]] + 1;
}
position[s[i]] = i;
}
return max(maxlen, (int)s.size() - start);//不要忘记最后字符串结尾的计算
}
};
来自为知笔记(Wiz)
3. Longest Substring Without Repeating Characters
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