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webpack+react+redux+es6开发模式

一、预备知识

  node, npm, react, redux, es6, webpack

二、学习资源

  ECMAScript 6入门

  React和Redux的连接react-redux

  Redux 入门教程   redux middleware 详解   Redux研究

  React 入门实例教程

  webpack学习demo

  NPM 使用介绍

三、工程搭建

  之前有写过 webpack+react+es6开发模式 ,文章里介绍了一些简单的配置,欢迎访问。

  1.可以npm init, 创建一个新的工程。创建package.json文件,定义需要的dependency,scripts,version等等。

  2.新增webpack.config.json文件,定义插件项配置,页面入口文件,文件输出,加载器的配置,其他解决方案配置等。下面提供了简单配置的demo,更详细的讲解,请参考  webpack 入门指南: w2bc.com/Article/50764。

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var webpack = require(‘webpack‘);var commonsPlugin = new webpack.optimize.CommonsChunkPlugin(‘common.js‘); module.exports = {    //插件项    plugins: [commonsPlugin],    //页面入口文件配置    entry: {        bundle: ‘./index.js‘    },    //入口文件输出配置    output: {        path: ‘./build/‘,        filename: ‘[name].js‘    },    module: {        //加载器配置        loaders: [            { test: /\.css$/, loader: ‘style-loader!css-loader‘ },            { test: /\.js$/, loader: ‘jsx-loader?harmony‘ },            { test: /\.scss$/, loader: ‘style!css!sass?sourceMap‘},            { test: /\.(png|jpg)$/, loader: ‘url-loader?limit=8192‘}        ]    },    //其它解决方案配置    resolve: {        root: ‘******‘, //绝对路径        extensions: [‘‘, ‘.js‘, ‘.json‘, ‘.scss‘],        alias: {            AppStore : ‘js/stores/AppStores.js‘,            ActionType : ‘js/actions/ActionType.js‘,            AppAction : ‘js/actions/AppAction.js‘        }    }};
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  3.编写如果文件 main.js。这里创建了provider,store,history,router。实现页面的路由以及react组件以及组件间的state交互。关于react-redux内容请参考 react-redux概念理解关于react-router内容请参考 React Router 使用教程 

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var React = require(‘react‘);var ReactDOM = require(‘react-dom‘);var { Provider } = require(‘react-redux‘);import { Router } from ‘react-router‘;import routes from ‘routes‘;import { createHashHistory, useBasename } from ‘history‘;import { syncReduxAndRouter } from ‘redux-simple-router‘;import { routeReducer } from ‘redux-simple-router‘;var configureStore = require(‘./stores/configureStore‘);// Run our app under the /base URL.const history = useBasename(createHashHistory)({  basename: ‘/‘,});const store = configureStore(window.__INITIAL_STATE__);syncReduxAndRouter(history, store);ReactDOM.render(  <Provider store={store}>      <Router history={history}>      {routes}    </Router>  </Provider>,   document.getElementById(‘root‘));
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  4.创建工程的各个模块

|--demo1    |--src  //源码        |--actions     // 存放当前触发Redux的动作行为        |--components  // 存放工程内部的公共组件        |--modules     // 存放工程各模块代码        |--constants   // action动作常量        |--reducers    // 存放reducer函数,用来修改store状态        |--routes      // 放置页面路由 react router        |--stores      // 放置stores配置文件        |--main.js       // 入口js        |--index.html  // 工程入口文件html        |--node_modules  // 存放依赖的第三方模块库,使用命令 npm install        |--build  //打包文件存放的目录        |--webpack.config.js        |--package.json    

四、功能开发

  1.做一个简单的Home页面

  (1).在modules文件夹新建Home.js, 使用antd 的Menu组件, 展示我们要演示的功能。

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import React from ‘react‘;import ‘less/home.less‘;import { Scrollbars } from ‘react-custom-scrollbars‘;import {Menu} from ‘antd‘;//首页export class Home extends React.Component{  constructor(props) {    super(props);    this.changeRoute = this.changeRoute.bind(this);  }  componentDidMount() {  }  changeRoute(e) {    this.context.history.pushState({}, e.key);  }  render() {    return (      <div className=‘home‘>        <Scrollbars style={{ height: 600 }}>            <Menu className=‘menu‘ onClick={this.changeRoute}>              <Menu.Item key=‘showSelfMsg‘>页面渲染展示信息</Menu.Item>              <Menu.Item key=‘frontAndRearInteractive‘>模拟前后台交互</Menu.Item>              <Menu.Item key=‘pageExchange‘>页面切换</Menu.Item>              <Menu.Item key=‘extend‘>子组件扩展</Menu.Item>            </Menu>        </Scrollbars>      </div>    );  }}Home.contextTypes = {  history: React.PropTypes.object.isRequired,};module.exports = Home;
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  (2).注册Home页面的路由,对应routes/index.js加入如下代码。

<Route path="/" component={ModuleRouters}>    <IndexRoute component={Home} /></Route>

  (3).启动工程, npm run dev, 浏览器中输入 http://localhost:8000/demo1,即可预览我们的Home页面。

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  2.单页面渲染,完成数据的展示和隐藏

  (1).在component目录下新建ShowSelfMsg.js, 通过改变state状态,重新渲染页面.

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import React from ‘react‘;import {connect} from ‘react-redux‘;import {Button} from ‘antd‘;import ‘less/common.less‘;var mapStateToProps = function(state){    };class ShowSelfMsg extends React.Component{    constructor(props){        super(props);        this.state = {            showContent: false        };        this.showContent = this.showContent.bind(this);    }    showContent() {        this.setState({            showContent: !this.state.showContent        });    }    componentDidMount() {        const { dispatch} = this.props;        //加载该页面的数据    }    componentWillReceiveProps(nextProps) {    }    render() {        let showContent = this.state.showContent;        return (            <div className=‘main‘>                <div className=‘content‘>                    <Button type="ghost" onClick={this.showContent}>{!this.state.showContent ? ‘单击显示内容‘ : ‘单击隐藏内容‘}</Button>                    {                        showContent ? (<div><span>大家好,我是hjzgg</span></div>) : (null)                    }                    <div className=‘back‘>                        <Button type="ghost" onClick={()=>this.context.history.pushState({}, ‘/‘)}>返回</Button>                    </div>                </div>            </div>        );    }}ShowSelfMsg.contextTypes = {  history: React.PropTypes.object.isRequired,};module.exports = connect(mapStateToProps)(ShowSelfMsg);
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  (2).注册路由,在routes/index.js中加入如下代码。

<Route path="/showSelfMsg" component={ShowSelfMsg} />

  (3).在Home页面中点击 ‘页面渲染展示信息’,即可进入这个页面。

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  3.模拟前后台交互

  (1).代码编写如下。

    (I).在constants新建ActoinTypesjs,定动作类型;

    (II).在actions目录中新建simulationRquest.js, 定义要分发的动作;

    (III)在reducers目录新建simulationRquest.js,存放reducer函数,用来修改store状态,然后将该函数放入到reducers/index.js中的combineReducers函数中,最终会合并成一个新的reducer;

    (IV)components目录中新建FrontAndRearInteractive.js, dispatch 自定义的动作,实现模拟前后台交互功能。

  ActionType.js

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export const SIMULATION_REQUEST_SUCCESS = ‘SIMULATION_REQUEST_SUCCESS‘;export const SIMULATION_REQUEST_FAIL = ‘SIMULATION_REQUEST_FAIL‘;export const INIT_EXTEND_DATA_SUCCESS = ‘INIT_EXTEND_DATA_SUCCESS‘;export const INIT_EXTEND_DATA_FAIL = ‘INIT_EXTEND_DATA_FAIL‘;export const SAVE_EXTEND_DATA_SUCCESS = ‘SAVE_EXTEND_DATA_SUCCESS‘;
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  FrontAndRearInteractive.js

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import React from ‘react‘;import {connect} from ‘react-redux‘;import {Button} from ‘antd‘;import {simulationRquestAction} from ‘actions/simulationRequest‘;var mapStateToProps = function(state){    return {        myRequest: state.myRequest,    }};class FrontAndRearInteractive extends React.Component{    constructor(props){        super(props);        this.state = {            showContent: false        };        this.simulationRequest = this.simulationRequest.bind(this);    }    simulationRequest() {        const {dispatch} = this.props;        console.log(‘props>>>dispath:‘ + dispatch);        dispatch(simulationRquestAction());    }    componentDidMount() {        const { dispatch} = this.props;        //加载该页面的数据    }    componentWillReceiveProps(nextProps) {        const { myRequest } = nextProps;        if(myRequest.code && myRequest.msg)            alert(‘请求结果:code=‘ + myRequest.code + ‘, msg=‘ + myRequest.msg);    }    render() {        const { myRequest } = this.props;        return (            <div className=‘main‘>                <div className=‘content‘>                    <Button type="ghost" onClick={this.simulationRequest}>模拟请求</Button>                    {                        myRequest && myRequest.data ? (<div><span>{myRequest.data}</span></div>) : (null)                    }                    <div className=‘back‘>                        <Button type="ghost" onClick={()=>this.context.history.pushState({}, ‘/‘)}>返回</Button>                    </div>                </div>            </div>        );    }}FrontAndRearInteractive.contextTypes = {  history: React.PropTypes.object.isRequired,};module.exports = connect(mapStateToProps)(FrontAndRearInteractive);
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  actions/simulationRquest.js

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import {ajax} from ‘utils/ajax‘;import url from ‘utils/Url‘;import {    SIMULATION_REQUEST_SUCCESS, SIMULATION_REQUEST_FAIL,    } from ‘constants/ActionTypes‘;function simulationRquestSuccess(data, msg){    return {        type: SIMULATION_REQUEST_SUCCESS,        data,        msg,    }}function simulationRquestFail(msg){    return {        type: SIMULATION_REQUEST_FAIL,        msg,    }}export function simulationRquestAction(args){    return function (dispatch) {        console.log(‘actions>>>dispath:‘ + dispatch);        /*            //真是请求            ajax({                method : ‘GET‘,                url :  url.QUERY_ALL_USER,                query : {‘args‘: args},                type : ‘json‘,                success : function(data) {                  return dispatch(simulationRquestSuccess(data));                },                error : function(data) {                  return dispatch(simulationRquestFail(‘request fail‘));                }                });        */        //假设请求成功        return dispatch(simulationRquestSuccess(‘我是后台返回数据:hjzgg!!!‘, ‘获取数据成功‘));  };}
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  reducers/simulationRquest.js

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import {    SIMULATION_REQUEST_SUCCESS, SIMULATION_REQUEST_FAIL,    }  from ‘constants/ActionTypes‘;import assign from ‘lodash/assign‘;function myRequest(state = {        data: null,        msg: null,        code: null,    }, action) {    console.log(‘reducer action属性>>>>>‘ + JSON.stringify(action));    switch(action.type) {        case SIMULATION_REQUEST_SUCCESS:            return assign({}, state, {                msg: action.msg,                data: action.data,                code: ‘success‘,              });        case SIMULATION_REQUEST_FAIL:            return assign({}, state, {                msg: action.msg,                data: null,                code: ‘fail‘,              });        default:            return state;    }}module.exports = myRequest;
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  (2).路由注册,在routes/index.js增加如下代码。

<Route path="/frontAndRearInteractive" component={FrontAndRearInteractive} />

  (3).在Home页面中点击 ‘模拟前后台交互’,即可进入页面。

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  4.页面切换

  (1).在components目录新建PageExchange.js 和 Childpage.js,分别为父页面和子页面。注意,这里父页面的变量信息 是通过路由的方式传递过去的,当然也可以通过state方式传递过去。

  PageExchange.js

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import React from ‘react‘;import {connect} from ‘react-redux‘;import {Button} from ‘antd‘;import ‘less/common.less‘;var mapStateToProps = function(state){};class PageExchange extends React.Component{    constructor(props){        super(props);        this.state = {            showContent: false        };        this.gotoChildPage = this.gotoChildPage.bind(this);    }    gotoChildPage() {        console.log(‘this.context.history>>>>>>‘ + JSON.stringify(this.context.history));        this.context.history.pushState({}, ‘childDemoPage/‘ + ‘我是父页面信息‘);    }    componentDidMount() {        const { dispatch} = this.props;        //加载该页面的数据    }    componentWillReceiveProps(nextProps) {    }    render() {        let showContent = this.state.showContent;        return (            <div className=‘main‘>                <div className=‘content‘>                    <Button type="ghost" onClick={this.gotoChildPage}>进入子页面</Button>                    <div className=‘back‘>                        <Button type="ghost" onClick={()=>this.context.history.pushState({}, ‘/‘)}>返回</Button>                    </div>                </div>            </div>        );    }}PageExchange.contextTypes = {  history: React.PropTypes.object.isRequired,};module.exports = connect(mapStateToProps)(PageExchange);
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  Childpage.js

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import React from ‘react‘;import {connect} from ‘react-redux‘;import {Button} from ‘antd‘;import ‘less/common.less‘;var mapStateToProps = function(state){    return {    }};class ChildPage extends React.Component{    constructor(props){        super(props);        this.returnParentPage = this.returnParentPage.bind(this);    }    componentDidMount() {        const { dispatch} = this.props;        //加载该页面的数据    }    componentWillReceiveProps(nextProps) {    }    returnParentPage() {        this.context.history.pushState(null, ‘pageExchange‘);    }    render() {        const parentPageMsg = this.props.params.parentPageMsg;        return (            <div className=‘main‘>                <div className=‘content‘>                    <Button type="ghost" onClick={this.returnParentPage}>返回父页面</Button>                    {                        parentPageMsg ? (<div><span>{parentPageMsg}</span></div>) : (null)                    }                </div>            </div>        );    }}ChildPage.contextTypes = {  history: React.PropTypes.object.isRequired,};module.exports = connect(mapStateToProps)(ChildPage);
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  (2).注册路由,在routes/index.js中加入如下代码。

<Route path="/pageExchange" component={PageExchange} /><Route path="/childDemoPage(/:parentPageMsg)" component={ChildPage}/>

  (3).在Home页面中点击‘页面切换’,即可进入页面。

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  5.自定义扩展组件

   (1).先说一下应用场景:多个页面可能需要类似的扩展功能,通过自定义扩展组件,完成对信息的加载。主页面信息保存时,通知扩展组件要保存信息了,扩展组件将最新修改的信息告知主页面,主页面获取到全部信息后,一起将数据传给后台,完成主页面信息和扩展信息的保存。

  (2).在components目录下新建Page.js和ExtendPage.js,分别为主页面和自定义扩展组件。

  Page.js

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import React from ‘react‘;import {connect} from ‘react-redux‘;import {Button, Input, Form} from ‘antd‘;import ExtendPage from ‘components/ExtendPage‘;import ‘less/common.less‘;const FormItem = Form.Item;var mapStateToProps = function(state){    return {        extendStore: state.extendStore    }};class Page extends React.Component{    constructor(props){        super(props);        this.state = {            childState: false,        }        this.handleSubmit = this.handleSubmit.bind(this);        this.onSaveExtendPage = this.onSaveExtendPage.bind(this);    }    componentDidMount() {        const { dispatch} = this.props;        //加载该页面的数据    }    componentWillReceiveProps(nextProps) {    }    //通知扩展组件,准备保存了    onSaveExtendPage() {        if(this.state.childState) {            this.setState({                childState: false,            });        }    }    save(values) {        //打印父级和子级文本        alert(JSON.stringify(values));    }    handleSubmit() {        var self = this;        this.props.form.validateFields((err, values) => {          if (!err) {//表单符合标准            //values 为当前父页面的数据,接下来获取子页面的数据            this.setState({childState: true}, function() {                const { extendStore } = self.props;                values.extendData = extendStore && extendStore.data || extendStore;                self.save(values);            });          }        });    }    render() {        const { getFieldProps } = this.props.form;        const inputProps = getFieldProps(‘inputText‘, {            initialValue: ‘‘,            rules: [                    {required: true, message: ‘the input is required‘ },                ],            validateTrigger: "onBlur"        });        return (            <div style={{marginTop: 50, width: 600, marginLeft: ‘auto‘, marginRight: ‘auto‘}}>                <Form onSubmit={this.handleSubmit}>                  <FormItem {...{labelCol: { span: 6 }, wrapperCol: { span: 14 }}} label="父级文本: ">                      <Input {...inputProps} id=‘inputText‘ type=‘text‘/>                  </FormItem>                  <FormItem wrapperCol={{ span: 12, offset: 6 }}>                      <Button type="primary" htmlType="submit">提交</Button>                     </FormItem>                </Form>                <ExtendPage                    childState={this.state.childState}                    callBack={this.onSaveExtendPage}                />                <div style={{float: ‘right‘}}>                    <Button type="ghost" onClick={()=>this.context.history.pushState({}, ‘/‘)}>返回</Button>                </div>            </div>        );    }}Page.contextTypes = {  history: React.PropTypes.object.isRequired,};Page = Form.create()(Page);module.exports = connect(mapStateToProps)(Page);
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  ExtendPage.js

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import React from ‘react‘;import {connect} from ‘react-redux‘;import {Button, Form, Input, message} from ‘antd‘;const FormItem = Form.Item;import {initExtendData, saveExtendDataAction} from ‘actions/extendPage‘;var mapStateToProps = function(state){    return {        extendStore: state.extendStore    }};class ExtendPage extends React.Component{    constructor(props){        super(props);        this.state = {        }        this.saveExtendData = http://www.mamicode.com/this.saveExtendData.bind(this);        this.checkText = this.checkText.bind(this);    }    checkText(rule, value, callBack) {        if(/\s+/.test(value)) {            callBack("不能有空白字符");        } else {            callBack();        }     }    saveExtendData() {        this.props.callBack();//保存成功后,更改父页面的childState的状态        this.props.form.validateFields((err, values) => {          if (!err) {//表单符合标准            console.log(‘save ExtendPage values: ‘ + JSON.stringify(values));            const {dispatch} = this.props;            dispatch(saveExtendDataAction(values));          }        });    }    componentDidMount() {        const { dispatch} = this.props;        //初始化扩展页的数据        dispatch(initExtendData());    }    componentWillReceiveProps(nextProps) {        const { extendStore, childState } = nextProps;        if(extendStore && extendStore.msg) {            message.info(extendStore.msg, 5);            extendStore.msg = null;        }        if(childState) {//父页面 改变 子页面的状态            this.saveExtendData();        }    }    render() {        const { getFieldProps } = this.props.form;        const { extendStore } = this.props;        const inputValue = extendStore && extendStore.data && extendStore.data.extendInputText || null;        const inputProps = getFieldProps(‘extendInputText‘, {            initialValue: inputValue,            rules: [                    {required: true, message: ‘the input is required‘ },                    {validator: this.checkText}                ],            validateTrigger: "onBlur"        });        return (            <div>                <Form>                  <FormItem {...{labelCol: { span: 6 }, wrapperCol: { span: 14 }}} label="扩展本文: ">                      <Input {...inputProps} type="text" id="extendInputText"/>                  </FormItem>                </Form>            </div>        );    }}ExtendPage = Form.create()(ExtendPage);module.exports = connect(mapStateToProps)(ExtendPage);
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  (3).说一下组件的扩展机制

  (I).扩展组件自身会维护更新自己state状态,在触发扩展组件保存时,扩展组件将自身数据通过dispatch进行分发,最后通过对应的reducer(这个reducer会通过combineReducers函数合并成一个新的reducer)进行处理,根据逻辑生成新的state。

  >>定义动作类型

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   >>分发动作

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  >>reducer处理动作,返回新的state

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  >>自定义的reducer函数通过combineReducers函数进行合并

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   (II).父级组件如何获取扩展组件的状态?

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  也就是store中的状态树变化的时候,组件可以通过 mapStateToProps 函数从状态树中获取最新的state。

  (III).父级组件如何通知扩展组件 准备保存数据了?

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  >>扩展组件接收父级组件两个参数:childState, 通知扩展组件状态发生变化; callBack, 修改childState状态,扩张组件通知父级组件更新完成。

 

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  >>父级组件保存数据时,首先获取到自己的数据,然后通过setState()方法改变childState的值,通知扩展组件。最后通过setState方法传入的回调函数(该函数在组件更新完成之后调用)获取到扩展组件的最新state。

  

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  >>扩展组件接收到父级组件的通知,刷新store中的state。这样父级组件和扩展组件自身都可以通过mapStateToProps方法获取到最新的state。

    (4).注册路由,在routes/index.js中加入如下代码。

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  (5).在Home页面中点击‘页面切换’,即可进入页面。

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 五、问题解惑

   1.module.filename、__filename、__dirname、process.cwd():  http://www.tuicool.com/articles/bQre2a
   2.node.js之path模块: http://www.jianshu.com/p/fe41ee02efc8
   3.react-router: http://www.ruanyifeng.com/blog/2016/05/react_router.html?utm_source=tool.lu
     4.出现如下错误:Cannot sync router: route state does not exist. Did you install the routing reducer,参考:

    http://stackoverflow.com/questions/34039619/redux-simple-router-react-router-error-route-state-does-not-exist

  5.module.exprots, export, export default区别:

export default variationimport variation from ‘js file‘ export variationimport {variation} from ‘js file‘module.exports=variationimport variation from ‘js file‘

  参考:

  http://www.2cto.com/kf/201412/360211.html

  http://www.jb51.net/article/33269.htm

  http://blog.csdn.net/zhou_xiao_cheng/article/details/52759632

  http://blog.csdn.net/zhou_xiao_cheng/article/details/52759632

六、完整项目下载

  https://github.com/hjzgg/webpack-react-redux

webpack+react+redux+es6开发模式