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webpack+react+redux+es6

一、预备知识

  node, npm, react, redux, es6, webpack

二、学习资源

  ECMAScript 6入门

  React和Redux的连接react-redux

  Redux 入门教程   redux middleware 详解   Redux研究

  React 入门实例教程

  webpack学习demo

  NPM 使用介绍

三、工程搭建

  之前有写过 webpack+react+es6开发模式 ,文章里介绍了一些简单的配置,欢迎访问。

  1.可以npm init, 创建一个新的工程。创建package.json文件,定义需要的dependency,scripts,version等等。

  2.新增webpack.config.json文件,定义插件项配置,页面入口文件,文件输出,加载器的配置,其他解决方案配置等。下面提供了简单配置的demo,更详细的讲解,请参考  webpack 入门指南: w2bc.com/Article/50764。

技术分享
var webpack = require(‘webpack‘);
var commonsPlugin = new webpack.optimize.CommonsChunkPlugin(‘common.js‘);
 
module.exports = {
    //插件项
    plugins: [commonsPlugin],
    //页面入口文件配置
    entry: {
        bundle: ‘./index.js‘
    },
    //入口文件输出配置
    output: {
        path: ‘./build/‘,
        filename: ‘[name].js‘
    },
    module: {
        //加载器配置
        loaders: [
            { test: /\.css$/, loader: ‘style-loader!css-loader‘ },
            { test: /\.js$/, loader: ‘jsx-loader?harmony‘ },
            { test: /\.scss$/, loader: ‘style!css!sass?sourceMap‘},
            { test: /\.(png|jpg)$/, loader: ‘url-loader?limit=8192‘}
        ]
    },
    //其它解决方案配置
    resolve: {
        root: ‘******‘, //绝对路径
        extensions: [‘‘, ‘.js‘, ‘.json‘, ‘.scss‘],
        alias: {
            AppStore : ‘js/stores/AppStores.js‘,
            ActionType : ‘js/actions/ActionType.js‘,
            AppAction : ‘js/actions/AppAction.js‘
        }
    }
};
View Code

  3.编写如果文件 main.js。这里创建了provider,store,history,router。实现页面的路由以及react组件以及组件间的state交互。关于react-redux内容请参考 react-redux概念理解关于react-router内容请参考 React Router 使用教程 

技术分享
var React = require(‘react‘);
var ReactDOM = require(‘react-dom‘);
var { Provider } = require(‘react-redux‘);
import { Router } from ‘react-router‘;
import routes from ‘routes‘;
import { createHashHistory, useBasename } from ‘history‘;
import { syncReduxAndRouter } from ‘redux-simple-router‘;
import { routeReducer } from ‘redux-simple-router‘;
var configureStore = require(‘./stores/configureStore‘);

// Run our app under the /base URL.
const history = useBasename(createHashHistory)({
  basename: ‘/‘,
});
const store = configureStore(window.__INITIAL_STATE__);

syncReduxAndRouter(history, store);

ReactDOM.render
(
  <Provider store={store}>
      <Router history={history}>
      {routes}
    </Router>
  </Provider>,
   document.getElementById(‘root‘)
);
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  4.创建工程的各个模块

|--demo1
    |--src  //源码
        |--actions     // 存放当前触发Redux的动作行为
        |--components  // 存放工程内部的公共组件
        |--modules     // 存放工程各模块代码
        |--constants   // action动作常量
        |--reducers    // 存放reducer函数,用来修改store状态
        |--routes      // 放置页面路由 react router
        |--stores      // 放置stores配置文件
        |--main.js       // 入口js
        |--index.html  // 工程入口文件html
        |--node_modules  // 存放依赖的第三方模块库,使用命令 npm install
        |--build  //打包文件存放的目录
        |--webpack.config.js
        |--package.json    

四、功能开发

  1.做一个简单的Home页面

  (1).在modules文件夹新建Home.js, 使用antd 的Menu组件, 展示我们要演示的功能。

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import React from ‘react‘;
import ‘less/home.less‘;
import { Scrollbars } from ‘react-custom-scrollbars‘;
import {Menu} from ‘antd‘;

//首页
export class Home extends React.Component{
  constructor(props) {
    super(props);
    this.changeRoute = this.changeRoute.bind(this);
  }
  componentDidMount() {
  }

  changeRoute(e) {
    this.context.history.pushState({}, e.key);
  }

  render() {
    return (
      <div className=‘home‘>
        <Scrollbars style={{ height: 600 }}>
            <Menu className=‘menu‘ onClick={this.changeRoute}>
              <Menu.Item key=‘showSelfMsg‘>页面渲染展示信息</Menu.Item>
              <Menu.Item key=‘frontAndRearInteractive‘>模拟前后台交互</Menu.Item>
              <Menu.Item key=‘pageExchange‘>页面切换</Menu.Item>
              <Menu.Item key=‘extend‘>子组件扩展</Menu.Item>
            </Menu>
        </Scrollbars>
      </div>
    );
  }
}
Home.contextTypes = {
  history: React.PropTypes.object.isRequired,
};
module.exports = Home;
View Code

  (2).注册Home页面的路由,对应routes/index.js加入如下代码。

<Route path="/" component={ModuleRouters}>
    <IndexRoute component={Home} />
</Route>

  (3).启动工程, npm run dev, 浏览器中输入 http://localhost:8000/demo1,即可预览我们的Home页面。

  技术分享

 

  2.单页面渲染,完成数据的展示和隐藏

  (1).在component目录下新建ShowSelfMsg.js, 通过改变state状态,重新渲染页面.

技术分享
import React from ‘react‘;
import {connect} from ‘react-redux‘;
import {Button} from ‘antd‘;
import ‘less/common.less‘;
var mapStateToProps = function(state){
    
};

class ShowSelfMsg extends React.Component{
    constructor(props){
        super(props);
        this.state = {
            showContent: false
        };
        this.showContent = this.showContent.bind(this);
    }

    showContent() {
        this.setState({
            showContent: !this.state.showContent
        });
    }

    componentDidMount() {
        const { dispatch} = this.props;
        //加载该页面的数据
    }

    componentWillReceiveProps(nextProps) {
    }

    render() {
        let showContent = this.state.showContent;
        return (
            <div className=‘main‘>
                <div className=‘content‘>
                    <Button type="ghost" onClick={this.showContent}>{!this.state.showContent ? ‘单击显示内容‘ : ‘单击隐藏内容‘}</Button>
                    {
                        showContent ? (<div><span>大家好,我是hjzgg</span></div>) : (null)
                    }
                    <div className=‘back‘>
                        <Button type="ghost" onClick={()=>this.context.history.pushState({}, ‘/‘)}>返回</Button>
                    </div>
                </div>
            </div>
        );
    }
}

ShowSelfMsg.contextTypes = {
  history: React.PropTypes.object.isRequired,
};
module.exports = connect(mapStateToProps)(ShowSelfMsg);
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  (2).注册路由,在routes/index.js中加入如下代码。

<Route path="/showSelfMsg" component={ShowSelfMsg} />

  (3).在Home页面中点击 ‘页面渲染展示信息’,即可进入这个页面。

  技术分享

 

  3.模拟前后台交互

  (1).代码编写如下。

    (I).在constants新建ActoinTypesjs,定动作类型;

    (II).在actions目录中新建simulationRquest.js, 定义要分发的动作;

    (III)在reducers目录新建simulationRquest.js,存放reducer函数,用来修改store状态,然后将该函数放入到reducers/index.js中的combineReducers函数中,最终会合并成一个新的reducer;

    (IV)components目录中新建FrontAndRearInteractive.js, dispatch 自定义的动作,实现模拟前后台交互功能。

  ActionType.js

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export const SIMULATION_REQUEST_SUCCESS = ‘SIMULATION_REQUEST_SUCCESS‘;
export const SIMULATION_REQUEST_FAIL = ‘SIMULATION_REQUEST_FAIL‘;
export const INIT_EXTEND_DATA_SUCCESS = ‘INIT_EXTEND_DATA_SUCCESS‘;
export const INIT_EXTEND_DATA_FAIL = ‘INIT_EXTEND_DATA_FAIL‘;
export const SAVE_EXTEND_DATA_SUCCESS = ‘SAVE_EXTEND_DATA_SUCCESS‘;
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  FrontAndRearInteractive.js

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import React from ‘react‘;
import {connect} from ‘react-redux‘;
import {Button} from ‘antd‘;
import {simulationRquestAction} from ‘actions/simulationRequest‘;
var mapStateToProps = function(state){
    return {
        myRequest: state.myRequest,
    }
};

class FrontAndRearInteractive extends React.Component{
    constructor(props){
        super(props);
        this.state = {
            showContent: false
        };
        this.simulationRequest = this.simulationRequest.bind(this);
    }

    simulationRequest() {
        const {dispatch} = this.props;
        console.log(‘props>>>dispath:‘ + dispatch);
        dispatch(simulationRquestAction());
    }

    componentDidMount() {
        const { dispatch} = this.props;
        //加载该页面的数据
    }

    componentWillReceiveProps(nextProps) {
        const { myRequest } = nextProps;
        if(myRequest.code && myRequest.msg)
            alert(‘请求结果:code=‘ + myRequest.code + ‘, msg=‘ + myRequest.msg);
    }

    render() {
        const { myRequest } = this.props;
        return (
            <div className=‘main‘>
                <div className=‘content‘>
                    <Button type="ghost" onClick={this.simulationRequest}>模拟请求</Button>
                    {
                        myRequest && myRequest.data ? (<div><span>{myRequest.data}</span></div>) : (null)
                    }
                    <div className=‘back‘>
                        <Button type="ghost" onClick={()=>this.context.history.pushState({}, ‘/‘)}>返回</Button>
                    </div>
                </div>
            </div>
        );
    }
}
FrontAndRearInteractive.contextTypes = {
  history: React.PropTypes.object.isRequired,
};
module.exports = connect(mapStateToProps)(FrontAndRearInteractive);
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  actions/simulationRquest.js

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import {ajax} from ‘utils/ajax‘;
import url from ‘utils/Url‘;
import {
    SIMULATION_REQUEST_SUCCESS, SIMULATION_REQUEST_FAIL,
    } from ‘constants/ActionTypes‘;

function simulationRquestSuccess(data, msg){
    return {
        type: SIMULATION_REQUEST_SUCCESS,
        data,
        msg,
    }
}

function simulationRquestFail(msg){
    return {
        type: SIMULATION_REQUEST_FAIL,
        msg,
    }
}

export function simulationRquestAction(args){
    return function (dispatch) {
        console.log(‘actions>>>dispath:‘ + dispatch);
        /*
            //真是请求
            ajax({
                method : ‘GET‘,
                url :  url.QUERY_ALL_USER,
                query : {‘args‘: args},
                type : ‘json‘,
                success : function(data) {
                  return dispatch(simulationRquestSuccess(data));
                },
                error : function(data) {
                  return dispatch(simulationRquestFail(‘request fail‘));
                }    
            });
        */
        //假设请求成功
        return dispatch(simulationRquestSuccess(‘我是后台返回数据:hjzgg!!!‘, ‘获取数据成功‘));
  };
}
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  reducers/simulationRquest.js

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import {
    SIMULATION_REQUEST_SUCCESS, SIMULATION_REQUEST_FAIL,
    }  from ‘constants/ActionTypes‘;
import assign from ‘lodash/assign‘;

function myRequest(state = {
        data: null,
        msg: null,
        code: null,
    }, action) {
    console.log(‘reducer action属性>>>>>‘ + JSON.stringify(action));

    switch(action.type) {
        case SIMULATION_REQUEST_SUCCESS:
            return assign({}, state, {
                msg: action.msg,
                data: action.data,
                code: ‘success‘,
              });

        case SIMULATION_REQUEST_FAIL:
            return assign({}, state, {
                msg: action.msg,
                data: null,
                code: ‘fail‘,
              });
        default:
            return state;
    }

}

module.exports = myRequest;
View Code

  (2).路由注册,在routes/index.js增加如下代码。

<Route path="/frontAndRearInteractive" component={FrontAndRearInteractive} />

  (3).在Home页面中点击 ‘模拟前后台交互’,即可进入页面。

  技术分享

  4.页面切换

  (1).在components目录新建PageExchange.js 和 Childpage.js,分别为父页面和子页面。注意,这里父页面的变量信息 是通过路由的方式传递过去的,当然也可以通过state方式传递过去。

  PageExchange.js

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import React from ‘react‘;
import {connect} from ‘react-redux‘;
import {Button} from ‘antd‘;
import ‘less/common.less‘;
var mapStateToProps = function(state){

};

class PageExchange extends React.Component{
    constructor(props){
        super(props);
        this.state = {
            showContent: false
        };
        this.gotoChildPage = this.gotoChildPage.bind(this);
    }

    gotoChildPage() {
        console.log(‘this.context.history>>>>>>‘ + JSON.stringify(this.context.history));
        this.context.history.pushState({}, ‘childDemoPage/‘ + ‘我是父页面信息‘);
    }

    componentDidMount() {
        const { dispatch} = this.props;
        //加载该页面的数据
    }

    componentWillReceiveProps(nextProps) {
    }

    render() {
        let showContent = this.state.showContent;
        return (
            <div className=‘main‘>
                <div className=‘content‘>
                    <Button type="ghost" onClick={this.gotoChildPage}>进入子页面</Button>
                    <div className=‘back‘>
                        <Button type="ghost" onClick={()=>this.context.history.pushState({}, ‘/‘)}>返回</Button>
                    </div>
                </div>
            </div>
        );
    }
}

PageExchange.contextTypes = {
  history: React.PropTypes.object.isRequired,
};
module.exports = connect(mapStateToProps)(PageExchange);
View Code

  Childpage.js

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import React from ‘react‘;
import {connect} from ‘react-redux‘;
import {Button} from ‘antd‘;
import ‘less/common.less‘;
var mapStateToProps = function(state){
    return {
    }
};

class ChildPage extends React.Component{
    constructor(props){
        super(props);
        this.returnParentPage = this.returnParentPage.bind(this);
    }

    componentDidMount() {
        const { dispatch} = this.props;
        //加载该页面的数据
    }

    componentWillReceiveProps(nextProps) {
    }

    returnParentPage() {
        this.context.history.pushState(null, ‘pageExchange‘);
    }

    render() {
        const parentPageMsg = this.props.params.parentPageMsg;
        return (
            <div className=‘main‘>
                <div className=‘content‘>
                    <Button type="ghost" onClick={this.returnParentPage}>返回父页面</Button>
                    {
                        parentPageMsg ? (<div><span>{parentPageMsg}</span></div>) : (null)
                    }
                </div>
            </div>
        );
    }
}

ChildPage.contextTypes = {
  history: React.PropTypes.object.isRequired,
};
module.exports = connect(mapStateToProps)(ChildPage);
View Code

  (2).注册路由,在routes/index.js中加入如下代码。

<Route path="/pageExchange" component={PageExchange} />
<Route path="/childDemoPage(/:parentPageMsg)" component={ChildPage}/>

  (3).在Home页面中点击‘页面切换’,即可进入页面。

  技术分享

  5.自定义扩展组件

   (1).先说一下应用场景:多个页面可能需要类似的扩展功能,通过自定义扩展组件,完成对信息的加载。主页面信息保存时,通知扩展组件要保存信息了,扩展组件将最新修改的信息告知主页面,主页面获取到全部信息后,一起将数据传给后台,完成主页面信息和扩展信息的保存。

  (2).在components目录下新建Page.js和ExtendPage.js,分别为主页面和自定义扩展组件。

  Page.js

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import React from ‘react‘;
import {connect} from ‘react-redux‘;
import {Button, Input, Form} from ‘antd‘;
import ExtendPage from ‘components/ExtendPage‘;
import ‘less/common.less‘;
const FormItem = Form.Item;
var mapStateToProps = function(state){
    return {
        extendStore: state.extendStore
    }
};

class Page extends React.Component{
    constructor(props){
        super(props);
        this.state = {
            childState: false,
        }
        this.handleSubmit = this.handleSubmit.bind(this);
        this.onSaveExtendPage = this.onSaveExtendPage.bind(this);
    }

    componentDidMount() {
        const { dispatch} = this.props;
        //加载该页面的数据
    }

    componentWillReceiveProps(nextProps) {
    }

    //通知扩展组件,准备保存了
    onSaveExtendPage() {
        if(this.state.childState) {
            this.setState({
                childState: false,
            });
        }
    }

    save(values) {
        //打印父级和子级文本
        alert(JSON.stringify(values));
    }

    handleSubmit() {
        var self = this;
        this.props.form.validateFields((err, values) => {
          if (!err) {//表单符合标准
            //values 为当前父页面的数据,接下来获取子页面的数据
            this.setState({childState: true}, function() {
                const { extendStore } = self.props;
                values.extendData = extendStore && extendStore.data || extendStore;
                self.save(values);
            });
          }
        });
    }

    render() {
        const { getFieldProps } = this.props.form;
        const inputProps = getFieldProps(‘inputText‘, {
            initialValue: ‘‘,
            rules: [
                    {required: true, message: ‘the input is required‘ },
                ],
            validateTrigger: "onBlur"
        });
        return (
            <div style={{marginTop: 50, width: 600, marginLeft: ‘auto‘, marginRight: ‘auto‘}}>
                <Form onSubmit={this.handleSubmit}>
                  <FormItem {...{labelCol: { span: 6 }, wrapperCol: { span: 14 }}} label="父级文本: ">
                      <Input {...inputProps} id=‘inputText‘ type=‘text‘/>
                  </FormItem>
                  <FormItem wrapperCol={{ span: 12, offset: 6 }}>
                      <Button type="primary" htmlType="submit">提交</Button>
                     </FormItem>
                </Form>

                <ExtendPage
                    childState={this.state.childState}
                    callBack={this.onSaveExtendPage}
                />

                <div style={{float: ‘right‘}}>
                    <Button type="ghost" onClick={()=>this.context.history.pushState({}, ‘/‘)}>返回</Button>
                </div>
            </div>
        );
    }
}
Page.contextTypes = {
  history: React.PropTypes.object.isRequired,
};
Page = Form.create()(Page);
module.exports = connect(mapStateToProps)(Page);
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  ExtendPage.js

技术分享
import React from ‘react‘;
import {connect} from ‘react-redux‘;
import {Button, Form, Input, message} from ‘antd‘;
const FormItem = Form.Item;
import {initExtendData, saveExtendDataAction} from ‘actions/extendPage‘;
var mapStateToProps = function(state){
    return {
        extendStore: state.extendStore
    }
};

class ExtendPage extends React.Component{
    constructor(props){
        super(props);
        this.state = {

        }

        this.saveExtendData = http://www.mamicode.com/this.saveExtendData.bind(this);
        this.checkText = this.checkText.bind(this);
    }

    checkText(rule, value, callBack) {
        if(/\s+/.test(value)) {
            callBack("不能有空白字符");
        } else {
            callBack();
        }
     }

    saveExtendData() {
        this.props.callBack();//保存成功后,更改父页面的childState的状态
        this.props.form.validateFields((err, values) => {
          if (!err) {//表单符合标准
            console.log(‘save ExtendPage values: ‘ + JSON.stringify(values));
            const {dispatch} = this.props;
            dispatch(saveExtendDataAction(values));
          }
        });
    }

    componentDidMount() {
        const { dispatch} = this.props;
        //初始化扩展页的数据
        dispatch(initExtendData());
    }

    componentWillReceiveProps(nextProps) {
        const { extendStore, childState } = nextProps;
        if(extendStore && extendStore.msg) {
            message.info(extendStore.msg, 5);
            extendStore.msg = null;
        }

        if(childState) {//父页面 改变 子页面的状态
            this.saveExtendData();
        }
    }


    render() {
        const { getFieldProps } = this.props.form;
        const { extendStore } = this.props;
        const inputValue = extendStore && extendStore.data && extendStore.data.extendInputText || null;
        const inputProps = getFieldProps(‘extendInputText‘, {
            initialValue: inputValue,
            rules: [
                    {required: true, message: ‘the input is required‘ },
                    {validator: this.checkText}
                ],
            validateTrigger: "onBlur"
        });
        return (
            <div>
                <Form>
                  <FormItem {...{labelCol: { span: 6 }, wrapperCol: { span: 14 }}} label="扩展本文: ">
                      <Input {...inputProps} type="text" id="extendInputText"/>
                  </FormItem>
                </Form>
            </div>
        );
    }
}
ExtendPage = Form.create()(ExtendPage);
module.exports = connect(mapStateToProps)(ExtendPage);
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  (3).说一下组件的扩展机制

  (I).扩展组件自身会维护更新自己state状态,在触发扩展组件保存时,扩展组件将自身数据通过dispatch进行分发,最后通过对应的reducer(这个reducer会通过combineReducers函数合并成一个新的reducer)进行处理,根据逻辑生成新的state。

  >>定义动作类型

  技术分享

   >>分发动作

  技术分享

  >>reducer处理动作,返回新的state

  技术分享

  >>自定义的reducer函数通过combineReducers函数进行合并

  技术分享

   (II).父级组件如何获取扩展组件的状态?

  技术分享

  也就是store中的状态树变化的时候,组件可以通过 mapStateToProps 函数从状态树中获取最新的state。

  (III).父级组件如何通知扩展组件 准备保存数据了?

  技术分享

  >>扩展组件接收父级组件两个参数:childState, 通知扩展组件状态发生变化; callBack, 修改childState状态,扩张组件通知父级组件更新完成。

 

  技术分享

  >>父级组件保存数据时,首先获取到自己的数据,然后通过setState()方法改变childState的值,通知扩展组件。最后通过setState方法传入的回调函数(该函数在组件更新完成之后调用)获取到扩展组件的最新state。

  

  技术分享

  >>扩展组件接收到父级组件的通知,刷新store中的state。这样父级组件和扩展组件自身都可以通过mapStateToProps方法获取到最新的state。

    (4).注册路由,在routes/index.js中加入如下代码。

  技术分享

  (5).在Home页面中点击‘页面切换’,即可进入页面。

    技术分享

 

 

 五、问题解惑

   1.module.filename、__filename、__dirname、process.cwd():  http://www.tuicool.com/articles/bQre2a
   2.node.js之path模块: http://www.jianshu.com/p/fe41ee02efc8
   3.react-router: http://www.ruanyifeng.com/blog/2016/05/react_router.html?utm_source=tool.lu
     4.出现如下错误:Cannot sync router: route state does not exist. Did you install the routing reducer,参考:

    http://stackoverflow.com/questions/34039619/redux-simple-router-react-router-error-route-state-does-not-exist

  5.module.exprots, export, export default区别:

export default variation

import variation from ‘js file‘
 

export variation

import {variation} from ‘js file‘


module.exports=variation

import variation from ‘js file‘

  参考:

  http://www.2cto.com/kf/201412/360211.html

  http://www.jb51.net/article/33269.htm

  http://blog.csdn.net/zhou_xiao_cheng/article/details/52759632

  http://blog.csdn.net/zhou_xiao_cheng/article/details/52759632

六、完整项目下载

  https://github.com/hjzgg/webpack-react-redux

webpack+react+redux+es6