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扩展实验：LAMP+NFS
拓扑图
Http server1 172.20.10
http server2 172.20.1.11
mariadb\NFS 172.20.1.12
效果：客户机在使用IP分别访问server1 和 server2，使用相同的账号、密码，看到帖子的内容完全一样，上传的附件在两台server中完全一致。
实施过程：
在http server 1、2中安装Apache、php，两台机的过程一样，则不重复列出过程
172.20.1.10安装Apache和php
编译安装Apache2.4版本，事先安装一些开发包组
[root@localhost linux software]# yum groupinstall -y "Development Tools" "Server Platform Development"
安装顺序：apr à apr-util à httpd2.4
apr-1.5.0.tar.bz2
apr-util-1.5.3.tar.bz2
[root@localhost linux software]# tar -xf apr-1.5.0.tar.bz2
[root@localhost linux software]# cd apr-1.5.0
[root@localhost apr-1.5.0]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr
[root@localhost apr-1.5.0]# make && make install
[root@localhost software]# tar xf apr-util-1.5.3.tar.bz2
[root@localhost software]# cd apr-util-1.5.3
[root@localhost apr-util-1.5.3]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr
[root@localhost software]# yum install -y pcre-devel zlib-devel openssl-devel
[root@localhost software]# tar xf httpd-2.4.20.tar.bz2
[root@localhost software]# tar xf httpd-2.4.20.tar.bz2
[root@localhost software]# cd httpd-2.4.20
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.20]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache --sysconfdir=/etc/httpd24 --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-apr=/usr/local/apr --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util --enable-module=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=prefork
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.20]# make && make install
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh
export PATH=/usr/local/apache/bin:$PATH
[root@localhost ~]# source /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh
[root@localhost ~]# cp /etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd /etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd24 #如果有的话复制，没有的话就下载或者从别的地方copy一个即可
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd24
主要修改：
apachectl=/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl
httpd=${HTTPD-/usr/local/apache/bin/httpd}
pidfile=${PIDFILE-/usr/local/apache/logs/httpd.pid}
另外在/etc/httpd24/httpd.conf中也要修改
User apache
Group apache
DocumentRoot 后面会再次提到，根据NFS共享路径来修改
安装PHP
[root@localhost software]# tar -xf php-5.4.26.tar.bz2
[root@localhost software]# cd php-5.4.26
[root@localhost php-5.4.26]# yum install -y libxml2-devel libcrypt-devel bzip2-devel libmcrypt-devel #如果仍有报错，则根据错误安装依赖的软件即可
[root@localhost php-5.4.26]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-mysql=mysqlnd --with-mysqli=mysqlnd --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs --enable-mbstring --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --enable-sockets --with-mcrypt --with-bz2 --with-config-file-path=/etc/php/php.ini --with-config-file-scan-dir=/etc/php.d/
[root@localhost php-5.4.26]# make && make install
[root@localhost php-5.4.26]# cp php.ini-production /etc/php/php.ini
[root@localhost php-5.4.26]# vim /etc/httpd24/httpd.conf
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php #增加
AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps #增加
DirectoryIndex index.php index.html #增加index.php
MariaDB（172.20.1.12）
[root@localhost ~]# tar xf mariadb-5.5.40-linux-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# mv mariadb-5.5.40-linux-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql
[root@localhost ~]# id mysql
id: mysql: No such user
[root@localhost ~]# groupadd -r mysql
[root@localhost ~]# useradd -r -g mysql mysql
[root@localhost ~]# chown -R root:mysql /usr/local/mysql/*
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -pv /data/sqldata
mkdir: created directory `/data‘
mkdir: created directory `/data/sqldata‘
[root@localhost ~]# chown -R mysql:mysql /data/sqldata/
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /etc/mysql
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql/
[root@localhost mysql]# cp support-files/my-large.cnf /etc/mysql/my.cnf
[root@localhost mysql]# cp scripts/mysql_install_db . #执行报错缺少文件，复制到上一目录
[root@localhost mysql]# ./mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/sqldata/
[root@localhost mysql]# vim /etc/mysql/my.cnf #修改配置文件[mysqld]模块下
thread_concurrency = 4 #CPU核数*2
datadir = /data/sqldata #增加
innodb_file_per_table = on #增加
[root@localhost mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
[root@localhost mysql]# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
[root@localhost mysql]# chkconfig --add mysqld
[root@localhost mysql]# chkconfig mysqld on
[root@localhost mysql]# service mysqld start
[root@localhost mysql]# vim /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH
[root@localhost mysql]# source /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
启动并进入mysql，创建一个给discuz使用的库，并授权一个远程用户
MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE discuz;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL ON discuz.* TO ‘bbsuser‘@‘%‘ IDENTIFIED BY ‘123456‘;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
NFS（172.20.1.12）
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /share
[root@localhost ~]# cp Discuz_X3.2_SC_GBK.zip /share/
[root@localhost ~]# id apache
uid=48(apache) gid=48(apache) groups=48(apache) #正好三台机器上都存在apache用户，并且其UID GID都是一样的（UID GID很重要，必须要一致）
[root@localhost ~]# setfacl -R -m u:apache:rwx /share
[root@localhost ~]# setfacl -R -m g:apache:rwx /share
[root@localhost ~]# getfacl /share/
getfacl: Removing leading ‘/‘ from absolute path names
# file: share/
# owner: root
# group: root
user::rwx
user:apache:rwx
group::r-x
group:apache:rwx
mask::rwx
other::r-x
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/exports
/share 172.20.1.0/24(rw,all_squash,anonuid=48,anongid=48)
[root@localhost ~]# service nfs start
在172.20.1.10上手动挂载测试一下，172.20.1.11上所有操作跟1.10上一样即可
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -pv /var/www/webroot
mkdir: created directory `/var/www/webroot‘
[root@localhost ~]# mount -t nfs 172.20.1.12:/share /var/www/webroot/
[root@localhost ~]# mount
/dev/sda5 on / type ext4 (rw)
proc on /proc type proc (rw)
sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw)
devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,gid=5,mode=620)
tmpfs on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw)
/dev/sda1 on /boot type ext4 (rw)
/dev/sda2 on /home type ext4 (rw)
none on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type binfmt_misc (rw)
sunrpc on /var/lib/nfs/rpc_pipefs type rpc_pipefs (rw)
172.20.1.12:/share on /var/www/webroot type nfs (rw,vers=4,addr=172.20.1.12,clientaddr=172.20.1.10)
解压出nfs共享里的discuz安装包
[root@localhost webroot]# unzip Discuz_X3.2_SC_GBK.zip
[root@localhost webroot]# ll
total 12120
-rw-rwxr-- 1 root root 12395897 Aug 12 2016 Discuz_X3.2_SC_GBK.zip
drwxr-xr-x 2 apache apache 4096 May 31 2016 readme
drwxr-xr-x 12 apache apache 4096 May 31 2016 upload
drwxr-xr-x 4 apache apache 4096 May 31 2016 utility
##虽然使用的root，但是属主和属组都是apache的身份
[root@localhost webroot]# mv upload/* .
将upload下的文件放到DocumentRoot设定的路径下
[root@localhost webroot]# vim /etc/fstab
172.20.1.12:/share /var/www/webroot nfs defaults,_netdev 0 0
#让nfs共享开机能够自动挂载
[root@localhost webroot]# vim /etc/httpd24/httpd.conf
DocumentRoot "/var/www/webroot "
<Directory "/var/www/webroot ">
options Indexes FollowSymLinks #根据实际情况修改，试验情况下无所谓了
AllowOverride None
Require all granted
</Directory>
#注释或者修改原来的DocumentRoot路径
网页打开安装discuz
http://172.20.1.10/install
到另外一台机器上验证
上传的附件以及图片完全一致
172.20.1.10与172.20.1.11两台机的操作完全一致，重点在与nfs服务器的共享目录权限，匿名id与启动Apache服务用户的id一致，即rw,all_squash,anonuid=48,anongid=48，Nfs共享出来的目录可以修改其属主属组或者setfacl赋予权限（uid/gid 48）。
扩展实验：LAMP+NFS