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在RHEL6中安装mysql数据库

    今天要给大家演示的是在RHEL6系统中安装mysql数据库,本次实验是在VMware虚拟机中实现。

系统版本:2.6.32-71.el6.i686

[root@wuli ~]# uname -a

Linux wuli.redhat.com 2.6.32-71.el6.i686 #1SMP Wed Sep 1 01:26:34 EDT 2010 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux

   数据库版本:5.6.20

[root@wuli Downloads]# ls

MySQL-client-5.6.20-1.el6.i686.rpm  MySQL-shared-compat-5.6.20-1.el6.i686.rpm

MySQL-server-5.6.20-1.el6.i686.rpm

   接下来开始安装数据库,如果是下载的捆绑式的rpm软件包,在解压后会发现有好多个软件包,在此我只安装serverclient两个包。在此需要注意的是,在安装之前需要安装一个RHEL兼容包,即shared-compat包。

[root@wuli Downloads]# rpm -ivhMySQL-shared-compat-5.6.20-1.el6.i686.rpm

Preparing...               ########################################### [100%]

  1:MySQL-shared-compat   ########################################### [100%]

默认系统里面给安装了mysql-libs-5.1.47-4.el6.i686软件包,直接卸载会提示有包依赖,在安装完shared-compat之后就可以把它卸载掉,否则会影响安装。

[root@wuli Downloads]# rpm -e mysql-libs

   创建MySQL系统管理用户:

[root@wuli Downloads]# groupadd mysql

[root@wuli Downloads]# useradd -g mysqlmysql

[root@wuli Downloads]# passwd mysql

Changing password for user mysql.

New password:mysql(这里密码设置为mysql

BAD PASSWORD: it is too short

BAD PASSWORD: is too simple

Retype new password:mysql

passwd: all authentication tokens updatedsuccessfully.

[root@wuli Downloads]#

接下来安装MySQL-client-5.6.20-1.el6.i686.rpmMySQL-server-5.6.20-1.el6.i686.rpm两个软件包。

[root@wuli Downloads]# rpm -ivhMySQL-server-5.6.20-1.el6.i686.rpm

Preparing...               ########################################### [100%]

  1:MySQL-server          ########################################### [100%]

[root@wuli Downloads]# rpm -ivhMySQL-client-5.6.20-1.el6.i686.rpm

Preparing...                ###########################################[100%]

  1:MySQL-client          ########################################### [100%]

   启用MySQL服务:

[root@wuli Downloads]# service mysql start

Starting MySQL................                             [  OK  ]

[root@wuli Downloads]#

    首先需要获取登录的随机密码,方法如下:

[root@wuli Downloads]# more/root/.mysql_secret

# The random password set for the root userat Fri Aug  8 05:18:49 2014 (local t

ime): qC1eXKeP3JTEgxzL

 

[root@wuli Downloads]#

    使用首次获取随机密码登录MySQL数据库,然后修改登录密码,方法如下:

[root@wuli Downloads]# mysql -uroot -pqC1eXKeP3JTEgxzL

Warning: Using a password on the commandline interface can be insecure.

Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 1

Server version: 5.6.20

 

Copyright (c) 2000, 2014, Oracle and/or itsaffiliates. All rights reserved.

 

Oracle is a registered trademark of OracleCorporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarksof their respective

owners.

 

Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ toclear the current input statement.

 

mysql>

   设置登录密码为mysql(这里设置为mysql

mysql> set password=password(‘mysql‘);

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.07 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql>

   修改安装目录权限:

[root@wuli Downloads]# chown -R mysql:mysql/usr/share/mysql

[root@wuli Downloads]# chown -R mysql:mysql/var/lib/mysql

   mysql添加环境变量:

[root@wuli ~]# vim .bash_profile

# .bash_profile

# Get the aliases and functions

if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then

       . ~/.bashrc

fi

# User specific environment and startupprograms

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin

 

export PATH

export

exportDATADIR=/var/lib/mysql

exportMYSQL_HOME=/usr/share/mysql

    停止启动mysql:

[root@wuli ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -pshutdown

Enter password:mysql

[root@wuli ~]#

[root@wuli ~]#/usr/share/mysql/mysql.server start --user=mysql

Starting MySQL.                                            [ OK  ]

    到这里整个安装步骤已经完成了,但是我们经常来配置或登录mysql数据库的时候,不可能每次都在服务器上来配置,很多情况会通过终端来登录服务器,默认mysql服务器禁止从其他终端来登录它。

wKiom1PjjbqCSNrPAACaEaFshZ8817.jpg

 

    解决方法如下:

    首先登录到数据库

[root@wuli ~]#mysql –uroot –p

Enter password:mysql

mysql> use mysql

Reading table information for completion oftable and column names

You can turn off this feature to get aquicker startup with -A

Database changed

mysql> update user set host=‘%‘ wherehost=‘localhost‘;

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.06 sec)

Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1 Warnings: 0

mysql> flush privileges;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.06 sec)

         接下来我们再来通过客户端来登录服务器:

wKioL1PjjwSA8PFuAAJZJJIitgs438.jpg

成功登录。

    如果遇到下面提示符,原因是由于服务器开启了防火墙导致的,解决方法:关闭防火墙即可。

wKioL1PjjyKRvyxIAAEytusaswE857.jpg

    我们可以查看安装的数据库版本:

wKiom1PjjinBaY7QAAB5DI8ECqY934.jpg

    到此,整个实验就完成了,欢迎来到MySQL的世界^_^!


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