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Python之路，day8-Python基础

2024-08-24 21:54:12   218人阅读

***面向对象的好处***
    更容易扩展、提高代码使用效率，使你的代码组织性更强，更清晰
    更适合复杂项目的开发

    封装
        把功能的实现细节封装起来，只暴露调用接口
    继承

     多态
        接口继承

     定义
        类----》模板
        对象---》实例化的模板

        属性
            私有属性 __private
            公有属性 存在类的内存里，所有势力共享
            成员属性 ---》实例变量
        方法 ---》函数
        构造函数
        析构函数：实例销毁时，自动执行



静态方法
类方法
属性方法
 1 class Flight(object):
 2     ‘‘‘我是类的注释‘‘‘
 3     def __init__(self, name):
 4         self.flight_name = name
 5 
 6     def checking_status(self):
 7         print("checking flight %s status " % self.flight_name)
 8         return 1
 9     @property
10     def flight_status(self):
11         status = self.checking_status()
12         if status == 0:
13             print("flight got canceled...")
14         elif status == 1:
15             print("flight is arrived...")
16         elif status == 2:
17             print("flight has departured already...")
18         else:
19             print("cannot confirm the flight status...,please check later")
20 
21     @flight_status.setter  # 修改
22     def flight_status(self, status):
23         status_dic = {
24             0: "canceled",
25             1: "arrived",
26             2: "departured"
27         }
28         print("\033[31;1mHas changed the flight status to \033[0m", status_dic.get(status))
29 
30     def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
31         print(‘--call:‘,args,kwargs)
32 
33 
34 
35     @flight_status.deleter  # 删除
36     def flight_status(self):
37         print("status got removed...")
38 
39 
40 f = Flight("CA980")
41 # f.flight_status
42 # f.flight_status = 2  # 触发@flight_status.setter
43 # del f.flight_status  # 触发@flight_status.deleter
44 f(‘123‘,‘2343‘)
45 print(f.__doc__)
46 print(f.__module__)
47 print(f.__class__)

 



***异常处理***
    一、基本异常处理结构
        try：
            代码块
        except Exception as e：
            将错误信息输出写入日志文件

    二、复杂结构
        try：
            。。。
        except：
            。。。
        else：
            。。。
        finally
            。。。
    三、异常对象
        try：
            代码块
        except Exception as e：#python内部将错误信息封装到e对象中
            将错误信息输出写入日志文件
    四、 异常种类
        Exception，能将所有的异常都捕获
        。。。
        其他的处理方法，只能处理某一情况
        try：
            代码块
        except Exception as e：#python内部将错误信息封装到e对象中
            将错误信息输出写入日志文件

        try:
            int(‘asdd‘)
            list = [1,2]
            list[1]
        except IndexError as e:
            pass
        except Exception as e:
            pass
        else:
            print(‘else‘)
        finally:
            print(‘finally‘)
======>Exception,其他错误的关系
        继承关系
五、主动触发异常

六、断言
assert条件

七、自定义异常


反射
    hashattr(容器，名称)#
app.py
 1 import os
 2 import sys
 3 
 4 BASE_DIR = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
 5 sys.path.append(BASE_DIR)
 6 from controller import account
 7 
 8 action = input(‘>>‘)
 9 if hasattr(account,action):
10     func = getattr(account,action)
11     result =func()
12 else:
13     result = ‘404‘
14 print(result)

account.py

1 def login():
2     return ‘请输入永户名密码‘
3 def logout():
4     return ‘跳转回登陆界面‘

 

***socket***

server.py

 1 import socket
 2 import os
 3 import sys
 4 server = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_STREAM)
 5 server.bind((‘0.0.0.0‘,8000))
 6 server.listen(5)
 7 print(‘start listen‘)
 8 BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
 9 sys.path.append(BASE_DIR)
10 new_size = 0
11 while True:
12     conn,client_addr = server.accept()
13     print(conn,client_addr)
14     num = 0
15     while True:
16         try:
17             data = http://www.mamicode.com/conn.recv(1024)
18             if num == 0:
19                 filename = data.decode()
20             if num == 1:
21                 total_size = int(data.decode())
22             if num >= 2:
23                 print(filename,‘这什么情况‘)
24                 with open(filename,‘ab‘) as f:
25                     new_size = os.path.getsize(r‘%s‘ % filename)
26                     f.write(data)
27             print(‘recv from client:‘,filename)
28             conn.send(b‘got your message‘)
29             num += 1
30         except Exception as e:
31             break

 

client.py

 1 import socket
 2 import os
 3 import sys
 4 import re
 5 # BASE_DIR = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
 6 BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
 7 sys.path.append(BASE_DIR)
 8 print(sys.path)
 9 print(BASE_DIR)
10 client = socket.socket()
11 client.connect((‘localhost‘,8000))
12 while True:
13     input_str = input(‘[put filename]>>‘).strip()
14     input_list = re.split(‘ ‘,input_str)
15     msg = input_list[1]
16     if input_list[0] != ‘put‘:
17         print(‘command error:‘,input_list[0],‘input [put filename] command‘)
18         continue
19     if r‘\\‘ not in msg:
20         if os.path.exists(msg):
21             filename = msg
22         else:
23             print(‘not found file‘)
24             continue
25     else:
26         filename = msg
27     length_file = os.path.getsize(r‘C:\Users\heshaochuan\PycharmProjects\py_s15\day8\反射\test.py‘)
28     length_file_str = ‘%s‘%length_file
29     if len(filename) == 0:continue
30     client.send(filename.encode())
31     print(‘send‘,filename)
32     data = http://www.mamicode.com/client.recv(1024)
33     if data:
34         client.send(length_file_str.encode())
35         data1 = client.recv(1024)
36         if data1:
37             with open(filename, ‘rb‘) as f:
38                 for i in f:
39                     client.send(i)
40                     data2 = client.recv(1024)
41                 print(‘recv from server:‘,data2)

 

Python之路，day8-Python基础


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