Hibernate操作步骤

1.新建项目2.加jar包3.写XML配置文件hibernate.cfg.xml4.写log4j.properties日志文件5.在MySql数据库中建student表6.建Student实体类(先建表后建类)7.写XML映射文件Student.hbm.xml，或者Annotation映射语句8.在hibernate.cfg.xml中添加相应mapping9.写测试类main，或者Junit测试类(项目右键-->“New”-->“Junit Test Case”)

HelloWorld小程序----XML映射文件

1.新建项目

2.加jar包。此处列出的jar包是Hibernate所需的全部jar包，在此项目中并不是全部需要

将如下jar包封装进一个User Library，名为hibernateantlr-2.7.6.jarc3p0-0.9.1.jarcommons-collections-3.1.jardom4j-1.6.1.jarhibernate3.jarhibernate-annotations.jarhibernate-commons-annotations.jarhibernate-jpa-2.0-api-1.0.0.Final.jarjavassist-3.12.0.GA.jarjta-1.1.jarjunit-4.10.jarlog4j-1.2.14.jarmysql-connector-java-5.1.7-bin.jarslf4j-api-1.6.1.jarslf4j-log4j12-1.6.1.jar

3.hibernate.cfg.xml配置文件。其中<mapping/>在步骤8中设置

<?xml version=‘1.0‘ encoding=‘utf-8‘?><!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC        "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"        "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd"><hibernate-configuration>    <session-factory>        <!-- Database connection settings -->        <property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>        <property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost/test</property>        <property name="connection.username">root</property>        <property name="connection.password">root</property>        <!-- JDBC connection pool 连接池 -->        <!-- <property name="connection.pool_size">1</property> -->        <!-- SQL dialect 方言-->        <property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>        <!-- 当前session上下文 . thread:当前线程;jta:(java transaction api) -->        <property name="current_session_context_class">thread</property>         <!-- Disable the second-level cache 去掉二级缓存 -->        <property name="cache.provider_class">org.hibernate.cache.NoCacheProvider</property>        <!-- Echo all executed SQL to stdout 显示sql语句-->        <property name="show_sql">true</property>        <!-- Drop and re-create the database schema on startup 常用选项：create和update -->        <property name="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>        <mapping resource="com/hibernate/model/Student.hbm.xml"/>        <!-- <mapping class="com.hibernate.model.Student"/> -->            </session-factory></hibernate-configuration>

4.log4j.properties日志文件

### direct log messages to stdout ###log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppenderlog4j.appender.stdout.Target=System.outlog4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayoutlog4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{ABSOLUTE} %5p %c{1}:%L - %m%n### direct messages to file hibernate.log ####log4j.appender.file=org.apache.log4j.FileAppender#log4j.appender.file.File=hibernate.log#log4j.appender.file.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout#log4j.appender.file.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{ABSOLUTE} %5p %c{1}:%L - %m%n### set log levels - for more verbose logging change ‘info‘ to ‘debug‘ ###log4j.rootLogger=warn, stdout#log4j.logger.org.hibernate=info#log4j.logger.org.hibernate=debug### log HQL query parser activity#log4j.logger.org.hibernate.hql.ast.AST=debug### log just the SQL#log4j.logger.org.hibernate.SQL=debug### log JDBC bind parameters ####log4j.logger.org.hibernate.type=info#log4j.logger.org.hibernate.type=debug### log schema export/update ####log4j.logger.org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl=debug### log HQL parse trees#log4j.logger.org.hibernate.hql=debug### log cache activity ####log4j.logger.org.hibernate.cache=debug### log transaction activity#log4j.logger.org.hibernate.transaction=debug### log JDBC resource acquisition#log4j.logger.org.hibernate.jdbc=debug### enable the following line if you want to track down connection ###### leakages when using DriverManagerConnectionProvider ####log4j.logger.org.hibernate.connection.DriverManagerConnectionProvider=trace

5.在数据库中建表

建表可以在数据库中手动建，也可以通过运行程序自动建立。

此处自动建表

6.建Student实体类

public class Student {	private int id;	private String name;	private int age;	public int getId() {		return id;	}	public void setId(int id) {		this.id = id;	}	public String getName() {		return name;	}	public void setName(String name) {		this.name = name;	}	public int getAge() {		return age;	}	public void setAge(int age) {		this.age = age;	}}

7.Student.hbm.xml映射文件

<?xml version="1.0"?><!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC        "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"        "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"><hibernate-mapping>	<class name="com.hibernate.model.Student" dynamic-update="true">		<id name="id">			<generator class="native"></generator>   <!-- generator设置其id自增 -->		</id>                                        <!-- id指的是相应表的主键 -->		<property name="name"></property>		<property name="age"></property>	</class></hibernate-mapping>

8.在hibernate.cfg.xml中添加相应mapping

9.写测试类main

public class StudentTest {	public static void main(String[] args) {		Student s = new Student();		s.setName("s3");		s.setAge(10);				SessionFactory sf = new Configuration().configure().buildSessionFactory();				Session session = sf.getCurrentSession();		session.beginTransaction();		session.save(s);		session.getTransaction().commit();				sf.close();	}}

程序到此结束，运行后，会自动在数据库创建student表，并将对象s存入student表中。

HelloWorld小程序----Annotation映射语句

步骤1-5同上

6,7.建实体类，添加Annotation注解

@Entity   //表示这是一个实体类，和数据库中的某个表是对应的public class Teacher {	private int id;	private String name;	private int age;		@Id                //主键	@GeneratedValue    //ID生成策略，默认为AUTO	public int getId() {		return id;	}	public void setId(int id) {		this.id = id;	}	public String getName() {		return name;	}	public void setName(String name) {		this.name = name;	}	public int getAge() {		return age;	}	public void setAge(int age) {		this.age = age;	}	}

8.在hibernate.cfg.xml中添加相应mapping，如下

<mapping class="com.hibernate.model.Student"/>

9.写测试类

测试类有很多种方式

a)见上文测试类main

b)创建一个HibernateUtil辅助类 ，然后再建测试类main

public class HibernateUtil {	private static SessionFactory sf = buildSessionFactory();	private static SessionFactory buildSessionFactory() {		return new Configuration().configure().buildSessionFactory();	}	public static SessionFactory getSessionFactory() {		return sf;	}}

public class StudentTest {	public static void main(String[] args) {		Student s = new Student();		s.setName("lisi");		s.setAge(18);				SessionFactory sf = HibernateUtil.getSessionFactory();				Session session = sf.getCurrentSession();		session.beginTransaction();		session.save(s);		session.getTransaction().commit();				sf.close();			}}

c)建Junit测试类

项目右键-->“New”-->“Junit Test Case”，输入类名，然后完善test方法

public class StudentTest_Junit {	private static SessionFactory sf = null;		@BeforeClass	public static void beforeClass(){		sf = new Configuration().configure().buildSessionFactory();	}		@AfterClass	public static void afterClass(){		sf.close();	}	@Test	public void test() {		Student s = new Student();		s.setName("wangwu");		s.setAge(23);				Session session = sf.getCurrentSession();		session.beginTransaction();		session.save(s);		session.getTransaction().commit();	}}

程序到此结束，运行后，会自动在数据库创建student表，并将对象s存入student表中。