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上课前django需要的前期准备

2024-08-27 16:59:11   250人阅读

这里只是记录上课前要做的django准备

创建项目

django-admin startproject mysite  可以用这个命令

也可以直接用pycharm创建

创建app

进入到刚才创建的项目目录中执行命令：

python manage.py startapp app01

配置基本设置

在setting中设置

技术分享 
"""
Django settings for day20 project.

Generated by ‘django-admin startproject‘ using Django 1.10.4.

For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/topics/settings/

For the full list of settings and their values, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/ref/settings/
"""

import os

# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))


# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/howto/deployment/checklist/

# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = ‘y*3z2@4&^vhvq(g(=8t-%q-(8v$_$tjbez-wjoirii$8_r6d=*‘

# SECURITY WARNING: don‘t run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True

ALLOWED_HOSTS = []


# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    ‘django.contrib.admin‘,
    ‘django.contrib.auth‘,
    ‘django.contrib.contenttypes‘,
    ‘django.contrib.sessions‘,
    ‘django.contrib.messages‘,
    ‘django.contrib.staticfiles‘,
    ‘app01‘,
]

MIDDLEWARE = [
    ‘django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware‘,
    ‘django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware‘,
    ‘django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware‘,
    #‘django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware‘,
    ‘django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware‘,
    ‘django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware‘,
    ‘django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware‘,
]

ROOT_URLCONF = ‘day20.urls‘

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        ‘BACKEND‘: ‘django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates‘,
        ‘DIRS‘: [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ‘templates‘)]
        ,
        ‘APP_DIRS‘: True,
        ‘OPTIONS‘: {
            ‘context_processors‘: [
                ‘django.template.context_processors.debug‘,
                ‘django.template.context_processors.request‘,
                ‘django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth‘,
                ‘django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages‘,
            ],
        },
    },
]

WSGI_APPLICATION = ‘day20.wsgi.application‘


# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/ref/settings/#databases

DATABASES = {
    ‘default‘: {
        ‘ENGINE‘: ‘django.db.backends.sqlite3‘,
        ‘NAME‘: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ‘db.sqlite3‘),
    }
}


# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
    {
        ‘NAME‘: ‘django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator‘,
    },
    {
        ‘NAME‘: ‘django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator‘,
    },
    {
        ‘NAME‘: ‘django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator‘,
    },
    {
        ‘NAME‘: ‘django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator‘,
    },
]


# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/topics/i18n/

LANGUAGE_CODE = ‘en-us‘

TIME_ZONE = ‘UTC‘

USE_I18N = True

USE_L10N = True

USE_TZ = True


# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/howto/static-files/

STATIC_URL = ‘/static/‘
STATICFILES_DIRS=(
    os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ‘static‘),
                  )
View Code

如果有多个app要用include

同名项目的url设置

from django.conf.urls import url,include
from django.contrib import admin

urlpatterns = [
    url(r‘^admin/‘, admin.site.urls),
    url(r‘^cmdb/‘, include("app01.urls")),
    url(r‘^monitor/‘, include("app02.urls")),
]

在app里面新建立一个url.py

from django.conf.urls import url,include
from django.contrib import admin
from app01 import views

urlpatterns = [
    url(r‘^login/‘, views.login),
    url(r‘^index/‘, views.index),
    url(r‘^user_info/‘, views.user_info),
    url(r‘^userdetail-(?P<nid>\d+)/‘, views.user_detail),
    url(r‘^userdel-(?P<nid>\d+)/‘, views.user_del),
    url(r‘^useredit-(?P<nid>\d+)/‘, views.user_edit),
    url(r‘^orm/‘, views.orm),
]

这样就实现了多个app共从

下面是需要导入的模块项目的url中

from django.conf.urls import url,include
from django.contrib import admin
from app01 import views

先这里加入创建的app不加数据库创建不了数据

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    ‘django.contrib.admin‘,
    ‘django.contrib.auth‘,
    ‘django.contrib.contenttypes‘,
    ‘django.contrib.sessions‘,
    ‘django.contrib.messages‘,
    ‘django.contrib.staticfiles‘,
    ‘app01‘,
]

注销一个csrf的报错

MIDDLEWARE = [
    ‘django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware‘,
    ‘django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware‘,
    ‘django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware‘,
    #‘django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware‘,
    ‘django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware‘,
    ‘django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware‘,
    ‘django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware‘,
]

模版的路径配置 

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        ‘BACKEND‘: ‘django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates‘,
        ‘DIRS‘: [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ‘templates‘)]
        ,
        ‘APP_DIRS‘: True,
        ‘OPTIONS‘: {
            ‘context_processors‘: [
                ‘django.template.context_processors.debug‘,
                ‘django.template.context_processors.request‘,
                ‘django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth‘,
                ‘django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages‘,
            ],
        },
    },
]

数据库的配置

DATABASES = {
    ‘default‘: {
        ‘ENGINE‘: ‘django.db.backends.sqlite3‘,
        ‘NAME‘: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ‘db.sqlite3‘),
    }
}

python manage.py makemigrations   创建表结构

python manage.py migrate       生效

********** 注意 ***********
Django默认使用MySQLdb模块链接MySQL
主动修改为pymysql，在project同名文件夹下的__init__文件中添加如下代码即可：
import pymysql
pymysql.install_as_MySQLdb()

静态资源的配置(要在项目目录新建立一个static目录)

STATIC_URL = ‘/static/‘
STATICFILES_DIRS=(
    os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ‘static‘),
                  )

启动项目

直接pycharm点击启动

或者命令;python.exe G:/python/day20/manage.py runserver 8000 

 

上课前django需要的前期准备


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