首页 > 代码库 > hdu 3234 Exclusive-OR (并查集+异或性质)
hdu 3234 Exclusive-OR (并查集+异或性质)
Exclusive-OR
Time Limit: 2000/1000 MS (Java/Others) Memory Limit: 32768/32768 K (Java/Others)
Total Submission(s): 2177 Accepted Submission(s): 603
Problem Description
You are not given n non-negative integersX0, X1, ..., Xn-1 less than 220 , but they do exist, and their values never change.
I‘ll gradually provide you some facts about them, and ask you some questions.
There are two kinds of facts, plus one kind of question:
I‘ll gradually provide you some facts about them, and ask you some questions.
There are two kinds of facts, plus one kind of question:
Input
There will be at most 10 test cases. Each case begins with two integersn and Q (1 <= n <= 20,000, 2 <= Q <= 40,000). Each of the following lines contains either a fact or a question, formatted as stated above. Thek parameter in the questions will be a positive integer not greater than 15, and thev parameter in the facts will be a non-negative integer less than 220. The last case is followed byn=Q=0, which should not be processed.
Output
For each test case, print the case number on its own line, then the answers, one on each one. If you can‘t deduce the answer for a particular question, from the facts I provide youbefore that question, print "I don‘t know.", without quotes. If thei-th fact (don‘t count questions) cannot be consistent withall the facts before that, print "The first i facts are conflicting.", then keep silence for everything after that (including facts and questions). Print a blank line after the output of each test case.
Sample Input
2 6 I 0 1 3 Q 1 0 Q 2 1 0 I 0 2 Q 1 1 Q 1 0 3 3 I 0 1 6 I 0 2 2 Q 2 1 2 2 4 I 0 1 7 Q 2 0 1 I 0 1 8 Q 2 0 1 0 0
Sample Output
Case 1: I don‘t know. 3 1 2 Case 2: 4 Case 3: 7 The first 2 facts are conflicting.
Source
2009 Asia Wuhan Regional Contest Hosted by Wuhan University
题意:
有n(n<=20000)个未知的整数X0,X1,X2Xn-1,有以下Q个(Q<=40000)操作:
I p v :告诉你Xp=v
I p q v :告诉你Xp ^ Xq=v
Q k p1 p2 … pk : 询问 Xp1 Xor Xp2 .. Xor Xpk, k不大于15。
如果当前的I跟之前的有冲突的话,跳出
思路:
并查集,每个节点记录与根节点的异或偏移量,一个集合内如果有一个知道值了的话,这个集合里面都能知道值,(可以标记根是否已经得到值,或者像网上大部分人的做法,虚拟出一个节点n,值为0,将I操作统一)查询时,如果一个未知集合出现了偶数个,那么可以得到其值,u^root^v^root=u^v,如果出现奇数次,那么不能得到。Merge的时候有个小坑,见代码。
代码:
#include <iostream> #include <cstdio> #include <cstring> #include <algorithm> #include <cmath> #include <string> #include <map> #include <stack> #include <vector> #include <set> #include <queue> #include<sstream> #define maxn 20005 #define MAXN 100005 #define mod 100000000 #define INF 0x3f3f3f3f #define pi acos(-1.0) #define eps 1e-8 typedef long long ll; using namespace std; int n,m,ans,cnt,tot,flag; int pre[maxn],px[maxn],val[maxn],vis[maxn]; vector<int>root,q[16]; char s[5],buff[100]; int Find(int x) { if(x==pre[x]) return x; int r=pre[x]; pre[x]=Find(pre[x]); px[x]=px[r]^px[x]; return pre[x]; } bool Merge(int u,int v,int w) { int x=Find(u),y=Find(v); if(x!=y) { if(vis[x]||vis[y])// 如果有集合知道值 必须以知道值集合的根为根 { if(!vis[y]) swap(x,y); } pre[x]=y; px[x]=w^px[u]^px[v]; } else { if((px[u]^px[v])!=w) return false ; } return true ; } void update() { int u,v,w; cnt++; gets(buff); stringstream si; si.clear(); si.str(buff); si>>u; si>>v; if(si>>w) { u++,v++; if(flag) return ; if(!Merge(u,v,w)) { flag=1; printf("The first %d facts are conflicting.\n",cnt); } } else { if(flag) return ; u++; int r=Find(u); if(vis[r]) { if(val[r]!=(v^px[u])) { flag=1; printf("The first %d facts are conflicting.\n",cnt); } } else { vis[r]=1; val[r]=v^px[u]; } } } void query() { int i,j,u,v,k,r,flg; scanf("%d",&k); root.clear(); for(i=0;i<k;i++) q[i].clear(); for(i=1; i<=k; i++) { scanf("%d",&u); u++; int r=Find(u); flg=0; for(j=0;j<root.size();j++) { if(r==root[j]) { flg=1; q[j].push_back(u); break ; } } if(!flg) { root.push_back(r); q[root.size()-1].push_back(u); } } if(flag) return ; flg=0; int res=0; for(i=0;i<root.size();i++) { if(vis[root[i]]) { for(j=0; j<q[i].size(); j++) { res^=(px[q[i][j]]^val[root[i]]); } } else { if(q[i].size()%2==1) { flg=1; break ; } else { for(j=0; j<q[i].size(); j+=2) { u=px[q[i][j]]^px[q[i][j+1]]; res^=u; } } } } if(flg) printf("I don't know.\n"); else printf("%d\n",res); } int main() { int i,j,t,u,v,w,test=0; while(~scanf("%d%d",&n,&m)) { if(n==0&&m==0) break ; for(i=1; i<=n; i++) { pre[i]=i; px[i]=vis[i]=0; } flag=cnt=0; printf("Case %d:\n",++test); for(i=1; i<=m; i++) { scanf("%s",s); if(s[0]=='I') update(); else query(); } puts(""); } return 0; }
声明:以上内容来自用户投稿及互联网公开渠道收集整理发布,本网站不拥有所有权,未作人工编辑处理,也不承担相关法律责任,若内容有误或涉及侵权可进行投诉: 投诉/举报 工作人员会在5个工作日内联系你,一经查实,本站将立刻删除涉嫌侵权内容。