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python 小功能

 

目录

1、上传文件  

2、验证码  

 

 

一、上传文件

首先了解一下 request.FILES :

字典 request.FILES 中的每一个条目都是一个UploadFile对象。UploadFile对象有如下方法:
1、UploadFile.read():
从文件中读取全部上传数据。当上传文件过大时,可能会耗尽内存,慎用。
2、UploadFile.multiple_chunks():
如上传文件足够大,要分成多个部分读入时,返回True.默认情况,当上传文件大于2.5M时,返回True。但这一个值可以配置。
3、UploadFile.chunks():
返回一个上传文件的分块生成器。如multiple_chunks()返回True,必须在循环中使用chrunks()来代替read()。一般情况下直接使用chunks()就行。
4、UploadFile.name:上传文件的文件名
5、UplaodFile.size:上传文件的文件大小(字节)

 

 

django普通版本上传

models.py

class UploadFile(models.Model):    username =models.CharField(max_length=50)    uploadfile = models.FileField(upload_to=‘./static/‘)#指定的upload目录相对于根目录下media目录    def __str__(self):        return self.username

  

index.html

<form method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">    <label>用户名:</label><input type="text" name="username" />    <label>文 件:</label><input type="file" name="uploadfile" />    <input type="submit" value="http://www.mamicode.com/‘提交" /></form>

 

views.py

def index(request):    if request.method == ‘POST‘:        un = request.POST.get(‘username‘)        print(un)        f = request.FILES.get(‘uploadfile‘)#‘uploadfile‘与提交表单中input名一致,多个文件参见getlist()        filename = os.path.join(‘static‘, f.name)  #存放内容的目标文件        # 123 = os.path.join(‘static‘, ‘images‘, filename.name)        with open(filename, ‘wb‘) as keys:            for chunk in f.chunks():#chunks()方法将文件切分成为块(<=2.5M)的迭代对象                keys.write(chunk)                #新数据表信息        models.UploadFile.objects.create(username=un, uploadfile=filename)        return HttpResponse(filename + ‘ok‘)    return render_to_response(‘index.html‘, {})

  

django from上传

models.py

class UploadFile(models.Model):    username =models.CharField(max_length=50)    uploadfile = models.FileField(upload_to=‘./static/‘)#指定的upload目录相对于根目录下media目录    def __str__(self):        return self.username

  

mo.html

<form method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">{{ uf.username }}{{ uf.uploadfile }}    <input type="submit" value="http://www.mamicode.com/‘提交" /></form>

  

forms.py

from django import formsclass UploadForm(forms.Form):    username = forms.CharField()    uploadfile = forms.FileField()

  

views.py

def model(request):    if request.method ==‘POST‘:        uf =forms.UploadForm(request.POST,request.FILES)        if uf.is_valid():            username =uf.cleaned_data[‘username‘]            uploadfile=uf.cleaned_data[‘uploadfile‘]            u = models.UploadFile()            u.username=username            u.uploadfile=uploadfile            u.save()            return HttpResponse(‘ok‘)    uf = forms.UploadForm()    return render_to_response(‘mo.html‘,{‘uf‘:uf})

  

Ajax上传文件 

html文件

    <div>        {{ uf.uploadfile }}       <input type="button" id="submitj" value="http://www.mamicode.com/提交" />   </div>    <script src="http://www.mamicode.com/static/jquery-2.1.4.min.js"></script><script>    $(‘#submitj‘).bind("click",function () {        var file = $(‘#id_uploadfile‘)[0].files[0];        console.log("fff",file);        var form = new FormData();        form.append(‘uploadfile‘, file);         $.ajax({                type:‘POST‘,                url: ‘/mo/‘,                data: form,                processData: false,  // tell jQuery not to process the data                contentType: false,  // tell jQuery not to set contentType                success: function(arg){                }            })    })</script>

  

views.py

def UploadFile(request):    print(request.FILES)    uf = forms.uploadForm(request.POST, request.FILES)    print(uf.is_valid())    if uf.is_valid():        upoad = models.UploadFile()        print(123234)        upoad.username = ‘alex‘        upoad.uploadfile = uf.cleaned_data[‘uploadfile‘]        upoad.save()    return render(request,‘ajax.html‘,locals())

 

forms.py 

from django import formsclass uploadForm(forms.Form):    uploadfile = forms.FileField()

  

 models.py

class UploadFile(models.Model):    username =models.CharField(max_length=50)    uploadfile = models.FileField(upload_to=‘./static/‘)#指定的upload目录相对于根目录下media目录    def __str__(self):        return self.username

  

二、验证码

views.py

import ioimport osfrom django_code import check_codedef check_coder(request):    mstream = io.BytesIO()    img, code = check_code.create_validate_code()    img.save(mstream, "GIF")    request.session["CheckCode"] = code   ##写入session    print(mstream.getvalue())    return HttpResponse(mstream.getvalue())

  

check_code.py 文件

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#!/usr/bin/env python#coding:utf-8import randomfrom PIL import Image, ImageDraw, ImageFont, ImageFilter_letter_cases = "abcdefghjkmnpqrstuvwxy"  # 小写字母,去除可能干扰的i,l,o,z_upper_cases = _letter_cases.upper()  # 大写字母_numbers = ‘‘.join(map(str, range(3, 10)))  # 数字init_chars = ‘‘.join((_letter_cases, _upper_cases, _numbers))def create_validate_code(size=(120, 30),                         chars=init_chars,                         img_type="GIF",                         mode="RGB",                         bg_color=(255, 255, 255),                         fg_color=(0, 0, 255),                         font_size=18,                         font_type="Monaco.ttf",                         length=4,                         draw_lines=True,                         n_line=(1, 2),                         draw_points=True,                         point_chance = 2):    ‘‘‘    @todo: 生成验证码图片    @param size: 图片的大小,格式(宽,高),默认为(120, 30)    @param chars: 允许的字符集合,格式字符串    @param img_type: 图片保存的格式,默认为GIF,可选的为GIF,JPEG,TIFF,PNG    @param mode: 图片模式,默认为RGB    @param bg_color: 背景颜色,默认为白色    @param fg_color: 前景色,验证码字符颜色,默认为蓝色#0000FF    @param font_size: 验证码字体大小    @param font_type: 验证码字体,默认为 ae_AlArabiya.ttf    @param length: 验证码字符个数    @param draw_lines: 是否划干扰线    @param n_lines: 干扰线的条数范围,格式元组,默认为(1, 2),只有draw_lines为True时有效    @param draw_points: 是否画干扰点    @param point_chance: 干扰点出现的概率,大小范围[0, 100]    @return: [0]: PIL Image实例    @return: [1]: 验证码图片中的字符串    ‘‘‘    width, height = size # 宽, 高    img = Image.new(mode, size, bg_color) # 创建图形    draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img) # 创建画笔    def get_chars():        ‘‘‘生成给定长度的字符串,返回列表格式‘‘‘        return random.sample(chars, length)    def create_lines():        ‘‘‘绘制干扰线‘‘‘        line_num = random.randint(*n_line) # 干扰线条数        for i in range(line_num):            # 起始点            begin = (random.randint(0, size[0]), random.randint(0, size[1]))            #结束点            end = (random.randint(0, size[0]), random.randint(0, size[1]))            draw.line([begin, end], fill=(0, 0, 0))    def create_points():        ‘‘‘绘制干扰点‘‘‘        chance = min(100, max(0, int(point_chance))) # 大小限制在[0, 100]        for w in range(width):            for h in range(height):                tmp = random.randint(0, 100)                if tmp > 100 - chance:                    draw.point((w, h), fill=(0, 0, 0))    def create_strs():        ‘‘‘绘制验证码字符‘‘‘        c_chars = get_chars()        strs =  %s  %  .join(c_chars) # 每个字符前后以空格隔开        font = ImageFont.truetype(font_type, font_size)        font_width, font_height = font.getsize(strs)        draw.text(((width - font_width) / 3, (height - font_height) / 3),                    strs, font=font, fill=fg_color)        return ‘‘.join(c_chars)    if draw_lines:        create_lines()    if draw_points:        create_points()    strs = create_strs()    # 图形扭曲参数    params = [1 - float(random.randint(1, 2)) / 100,              0,              0,              0,              1 - float(random.randint(1, 10)) / 100,              float(random.randint(1, 2)) / 500,              0.001,              float(random.randint(1, 2)) / 500              ]    img = img.transform(size, Image.PERSPECTIVE, params) # 创建扭曲    img = img.filter(ImageFilter.EDGE_ENHANCE_MORE) # 滤镜,边界加强(阈值更大)    return img, strs
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文件连接 Monaco.ttf 字体文件

http://www.gringod.com/2006/02/24/return-of-monacottf/

 

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python 小功能