题目链接：http://acm.hdu.edu.cn/showproblem.php?pid=1348

Wall

Once upon a time there was a greedy King who ordered his chief Architect to build a wall around the King‘s castle. The King was so greedy, that he would not listen to his Architect‘s proposals to build a beautiful brick wall with a perfect shape and nice tall towers. Instead, he ordered to build the wall around the whole castle using the least amount of stone and labor, but demanded that the wall should not come closer to the castle than a certain distance. If the King finds that the Architect has used more resources to build the wall than it was absolutely necessary to satisfy those requirements, then the Architect will loose his head. Moreover, he demanded Architect to introduce at once a plan of the wall listing the exact amount of resources that are needed to build the wall.
Your task is to help poor Architect to save his head, by writing a program that will find the minimum possible length of the wall that he could build around the castle to satisfy King‘s requirements.



The task is somewhat simplified by the fact, that the King‘s castle has a polygonal shape and is situated on a flat ground. The Architect has already established a Cartesian coordinate system and has precisely measured the coordinates of all castle‘s vertices in feet.

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标准的凸包果题！

题意：求得n个点的凸包后，然后求与凸包相距为L的外圈的周长。

思路：画图后可知，最后所求的周长就是等于凸包周长+半径为L的圆的周长。

附图片一张（转载）：

代码如下：

//#pragma warning (disable:4786)
#include <cstdio>
#include <cmath>
#include <cstring>
#include <string>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <climits>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <queue>
#include <stack>
#include <vector>
#include <utility>
#include <deque>
#include <set>
#include <map>
#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;
const double eps = 1e-9;
//const double pi = atan(1.0)*4;
const double pi = 3.1415926535897932384626;
#define INF 1e18
//typedef long long LL;
//typedef __int64 LL;
const int MAXN = 1017;

struct point
{
    int x,y;
}e[MAXN],res[MAXN];//坐标点集，位于凸包上的点

bool cmp(point a,point b)//排序方法
{
    if(a.x == b.x)
        return a.y < b.y;
    return a.x < b.x;
}

int cross(point a,point b,point c)//叉积（向量积）
{
    return (a.x-c.x)*(b.y-c.y)-(b.x-c.x)*(a.y-c.y);
}

double lenght(point a,point b)//距离
{
    return sqrt(1.0*(a.x-b.x)*(a.x-b.x)+(a.y-b.y)*(a.y-b.y));
}

int convex(int n)//求凸包上的点
{
    sort(e,e+n,cmp);
    int m=0, i, k;
    //求得下凸包，逆时针
    //已知凸包点m个，如果新加入点为i，则向量(m-2,i)必定要在(m-2,m-1)的逆时针方向才符合凸包的性质
    //若不成立，则m-1点不在凸包上。
    for(i = 0; i < n; i++)
    {
        while(m>1 && cross(res[m-1],e[i],res[m-2])<=0)
            m--;
        res[m++]=e[i];
    }
    k = m;
    //求得上凸包
    for(i = n-2; i >= 0; i--)
    {
        while(m>k && cross(res[m-1],e[i],res[m-2])<=0)
            m--;
        res[m++]=e[i];
    }
    if(n > 1)//起始点重复。
        m--;
    return m;
}

int main()
{
    int t, n, m, L;
    scanf("%d",&t);
    while(t--)
    {
        scanf("%d%d",&n,&L);
        for(int i = 0; i < n; i++)
            scanf("%d%d",&e[i].x,&e[i].y);
        m = convex(n);
        double ans = 0;
        for(int i = 1; i < m; i++)//求凸包的周长
            ans+=lenght(res[i],res[i-1]);
        ans+=lenght(res[m-1],res[0]);//首尾相接
        ans+=2*pi*L;//加上以L为半径的圆的周长
        printf("%.0lf\n",ans);
        if(t != 0)
            printf("\n");
    }
    return 0;
}