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springMVC+spring+hibernate 框架整合实例
先说一下流程思路:
流程讲解1:
首先访问会先定位到控制器。这就用到了过滤器配置文件“spring-mvc.xml”。这个文件负责定义控制器的包路径、视图的格式等。
其次从“控制器->service层->dao层”,期间用的都是spring的依赖注入,所以就需要一个bean容器配置文件,将所有的“等待被注入的类”在xml文件里申明一下。这个xml文件就是“spring-beans.xml”。
之后,dao层要操作entity里面的持久化类。dao必须通过sessionFactory里面的session才能操作持久化类。于是需要一个xml文件配置sessionFactory类,这个sessionFactory作为一个bean,可被注入到dao层。这个文件还需要将“entity里面所有的持久化类”申明出来。这个文件就是“spring-hibernate.xml”。
最后将这些xml配置文件全部在web.xml里面加载。
流程讲解2:
通过url地址,定位到控制器的具体方法。
之后控制器调用service层的实例做点什么(service层的实例是注入进来的)并且返回一个jsp页面。
service层的实例再调用dao层的实例做点什么(dao层的实例是注入进来的)。
dao层是底层数据层,dao层的实例通过sessionFactory来创建一个session操作具体的持久化类对象(sessionFactory对象是被注入进来的)对数据库进行“增删查改”等操作。
流程讲解3:
这个实例具体干的事是:UserDaoImpl从数据库里查询出用户信息列表,并将用户信息列表返回给UserServiceImpl。
UserServiceImpl经过处理得到某一个用户的用户名,并将用户名返回给控制器。
控制器再将这个用户名打印出来,然后调用一下视图jsp文件。
结构如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!-- $Id: pom.xml 642118 2008-03-28 08:04:16Z reinhard $ --> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <packaging>war</packaging> <name>java-ssh-demo3</name> <groupId>java-ssh-demo</groupId> <artifactId>java-ssh-demo3</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <!--项目依赖 --> <dependencies> <!--日志包--> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>3.8.1</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId> <version>1.7.21</version> </dependency> <!--j2ee相关包 servlet、jsp、jstl--> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId> <version>3.1.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId> <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId> <version>2.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>jstl</artifactId> <version>1.2</version> </dependency> <!--spring相关包--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <version>4.3.1.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>4.3.1.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> <version>4.3.1.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId> <version>4.3.1.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <!--其他需要的包--> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId> <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId> <version>3.4</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId> <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId> <version>1.3.1</version> </dependency> <!-- hibernate内置日志记录所需包--> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId> <version>1.7.21</version> </dependency> <!--mariadb驱动--> <dependency> <groupId>org.mariadb.jdbc</groupId> <artifactId>mariadb-java-client</artifactId> <version>1.5.5</version> </dependency> <!-- 代码生成类库 --> <dependency> <groupId>cglib</groupId> <artifactId>cglib-nodep</artifactId> <version>2.2.2</version> </dependency> <!--hibernate包--> <dependency> <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId> <version>5.2.6.Final</version> </dependency> <!--hibernate校验器--> <dependency> <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId> <version>5.2.4.Final</version> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <finalName>maven-springmvc</finalName> <resources> <!--表示把java目录下的有关xml文件,properties文件编译/打包的时候放在resource目录下--> <resource> <directory>${basedir}/src/main/java</directory> <includes> <include>**/*.properties</include> <include>**/*.xml</include> </includes> </resource> <resource> <directory>${basedir}/src/main/resources</directory> </resource> </resources> <plugins> <!--servlet容器 jetty插件--> <plugin> <groupId>org.eclipse.jetty</groupId> <artifactId>jetty-maven-plugin</artifactId> <version>9.3.10.v20160621</version> </plugin> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> <configuration> <source>1.6</source> <target>1.6</target> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd" version="3.1"> <display-name>java-springmvc-demo5</display-name> <!-- 配置Spring --> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath*:config/spring-*.xml</param-value> </context-param> <!--listener用于在Web 应用启动时,启动某些后台程序,此处启动的是spring--> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> <!--定义入口类DispatcherServlet--> <servlet> <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <!-- 默认的servlet.xml文件是放在WEB-INF目录下,名称与<servlet-name>的名字要相关。但可以通过以下设置重新自定义servlet.xml配置文件的位置和名称。--> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath*:config/spring-mvc.xml</param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <!--欢迎页面--> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> <!-- 设置OpenSessionInViewFilter 的过滤器,由 Spring 来控制 Hibernate 的 Session 在请求来的时候开启,走的时候关闭 --> <!--如果配置声明式事务也可以不需要配置这个。--> <filter> <filter-name>openSession</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>openSession</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> </web-app>
spring-mvc.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd"> <!-- 启动时自动扫描该包下所有的Bean --> <context:component-scan base-package="pers.cly.ssh_demo3.controller" /> <!-- 添加注解驱动 --> <mvc:annotation-driven /> <!--所有的访问都统一先由InternalResourceViewResolver类处理--> <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <!--定义跳转的文件的前缀(jsp文件所在目录)--> <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" /> <!-- 定义跳转的文件的后缀 --> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" /> </bean> </beans>
spring-beans.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> <!--启动时自动扫描该包下所有的Bean--> <context:component-scan base-package="pers.cly.ssh_demo3" /> <!--注册一个UserDaoImpl对象,实例名为“userDao”--> <bean id="userDao" class="pers.cly.ssh_demo3.dao.impl.UserDaoImpl"/> <!--注册一个UserServiceImpl对象,实例名为“userService”--> <bean id="userService" class="pers.cly.ssh_demo3.service.impl.UserServiceImpl"/> </beans>
spring-hibernate.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd "> <!-- 声明事务管理器 --> <bean id="myHibTxManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.HibernateTransactionManager"> <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" /> </bean> <!-- 定义事务通知 --> <tx:advice id="tx_Advice" transaction-manager="myHibTxManager"> <!-- 定义事务传播规则 --> <tx:attributes> <!-- 对get/load/search开头的方法应用只读事务规则 --> <tx:method name="get*" propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true" /> <tx:method name="load*" propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true" /> <tx:method name="search*" propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true" /> <!-- 对其他方法应用REQUIRED事务规则 --> <tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED" /> </tx:attributes> </tx:advice> <!--<aop:config>--> <!--<!– 对com.zxpm.biz包下的所有类的所有方法都应用事务规则 –>--> <!--<aop:pointcut id="bizMethods"--> <!--expression="execution(* cn.zifangsky.service.*.*(..))" />--> <!--<!– 将事务通知和切面组合 –>--> <!--<aop:advisor advice-ref="tx_Advice" pointcut-ref="bizMethods" />--> <!--</aop:config>--> <!-- 配置数据源 --> <bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource"> <property name="driverClassName" value="org.mariadb.jdbc.Driver"></property> <property name="url" value="jdbc:mariadb://localhost:3306/daixu"></property> <property name="username" value="root"></property> <property name="password" value="123"></property> </bean> <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> <property name="packagesToScan"> <list> <!-- 申明entity中所有持久化类 --> <value>pers.cly.ssh_demo3.entity</value> </list> </property> <property name="hibernateProperties"> <props> <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop> </props> </property> </bean> </beans>
HelloController.java:
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import pers.cly.ssh_demo3.service.UserService; import javax.annotation.Resource; @Controller//该注解用来识别控制器 @RequestMapping("hello")//该注解用来控制url书写时,控制器的选择 public class HelloController { @Resource(name="userService") // 获取spring配置文件中bean的id为userService的具体实现类,并注入 private UserService userServiceImpl;//service层的用户接口类。 @RequestMapping("helloworld")//该注解用来控制url书写时,具体方法的选择(还可以绑定参数等) public String helloworld() { System.out.print("用户姓名:"+userServiceImpl.select_user_name());//调用接口方法获取用户姓名,打印用户姓名 return "hello_world";//跳转到jsp页面 } }
UserService.java:
import pers.cly.ssh_demo3.entity.UserEntity; /** * Created by CLY on 2016/12/26. */ public interface UserService { public String select_user_name();//这个方法负责查询用户姓名 }
UserServiceImpl.java:
import pers.cly.ssh_demo3.dao.UserDao; import pers.cly.ssh_demo3.entity.UserEntity; import pers.cly.ssh_demo3.service.UserService; import javax.annotation.Resource; import java.util.List; /** * Created by CLY on 2016/12/26. */ public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService { @Resource(name = "userDao")//使用注解配置,将id为“userDao”的bean注入到“userDaoImpl”里面 private UserDao userDaoImpl;//定义dao层的“接口” @Override public String select_user_name() { String user_name=""; List<UserEntity> users = userDaoImpl.select_user();//通过接口方法,获取用信息列表 for (UserEntity u : users) {//迭代列表,将里面的最后一个用户的姓名提取出来 user_name = u.getUserName(); } return user_name;//返回用户名 } }
UserDao.java:
import pers.cly.ssh_demo3.entity.UserEntity; import java.util.List; /** * Created by CLY on 2016/12/26. */ public interface UserDao { public List<UserEntity> select_user();//将用户信息查出,并返回用用户持久化类列表 }
UserDaoImpl.java:
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory; import org.hibernate.query.Query; import pers.cly.ssh_demo3.dao.UserDao; import pers.cly.ssh_demo3.entity.UserEntity; import javax.annotation.Resource; import java.util.List; /** * Created by CLY on 2016/12/26. */ public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao { @Resource(name = "sessionFactory") private SessionFactory sessionFactory;//注入sessionFactory @Override public List<UserEntity> select_user() { String hql = "from UserEntity";//hql语句 Query query = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().createQuery(hql); return query.list(); } }
UserEntity.java是我用idea根据表自动生成,就不贴代码了。
hello_world.jsp和index.jsp写什么随意,也不贴代码了。
之后用“http://localhost:8080/hello/helloworld”路径可访问出结果。
springMVC+spring+hibernate 框架整合实例