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java mail实现Email的发送,完整代码
java mail实现Email的发送,完整代码
1、对应用程序配置邮件会话
首先, 导入jar
<dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>com.sun.mail</groupId> <artifactId>javax.mail</artifactId> <version>1.5.2</version> </dependency> </dependencies>
javax.mail.Session保存邮件系统的配置属性和提供用户验证的信息,发送email首先要获取session对象。
- Session.getInstance(java.util.Properties)获取非共享的session对象
- Session.getDefaultInstance(java.utilProperties)获取共享的session对象
两者都必须建立Properties prop=new Properties()对象;
注意: 一般对单用户桌面应用程序使用共享Session对象。
用SMTP协议发送Email时通常要设置mail.smtp.host(mail.protocol.host协议特定邮件服务器名)属性。
prop.put("mail.smtp.host","smtp.mailServer.com");Session mailSession=Session.getInstance(prop);
注意: 在真正使用创建的过程中,往往会让我们验证密码,这是我们要写一个密码验证类。javax.mail.Authenticator是一个抽象类,我们要写MyAuthenticator的密码验证类,该类继承Authenticator实现:
protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication(){ return new PasswordAuthentication(String userName, String password); }
这时我们创建Session对象:
Session mailSession=Session.getInstance(prop,new MyAuthenticator(userName,Password));prop.put("mail.smtp.auth","true"); //并且要设置使用验证:prop.put("mail.smtp.starttls.enable","true"); //使用 STARTTLS安全连接:
2、配置邮件会话之后,要编写消息
要编写消息就要生成javax.mail.Message子类的实例或对Internet邮件使用javax.mail.interet.MimeMessage类。
(1)建立MimeMessage对象
MimeMessage扩展抽象的Message类,构造MimeMessage对象:
MimeMessage message=new MimeMessage(mailSession);
(2)消息发送者、日期、主题
message.setFrom(Address theSender);message.setSentDate(java.util.Date theDate);message.setSubject(String theSubject);
(3)设置消息的接受者与发送者(寻址接收)
setRecipient(Message.RecipientType type , Address theAddress)、setRecipients(Message.RecipientType type , Address[] theAddress)、addRecipient(Message.RecipientType type , Address theAddress)、addRecipients(Message.RecipientType type,Address[] theAddress)方法都可以指定接受者类型,但是一般用后两个,这样可以避免意外的替换或者覆盖接受者名单。定义接受者类型:
Message.RecipientType.TO://消息接受者Message.RecipientType.CC://消息抄送者Message.RecipientType.BCC://匿名抄送接收者(其他接受者看不到这个接受者的姓名和地址)
(4)设置消息内容
JavaMail基于JavaBean Activation FrameWork(JAF),JAF可以构造文本消息也可以支持附件。
设置消息内容时,要提供消息的内容类型-----即方法签名:
MimeMessage.setContent(Object theContent,String type);
也可以不用显式的制定消息的内容类型:MimeMessage.setText(String theText);
注意:建立地址javax.mail.InternetAddress toAddress=new InternetAddress(String address);
3、发送Email,这里以文本消息为例
javax.mail.Transport类来发送消息。这时Transport对象与相应传输协议通信,这里是SMTP协议。
Transport transport = mailSession.getTransport("smtp");//定义发送协议transport.connect(smtpHost,"chaofeng19861126", fromUserPassword);//登录邮箱transport.send(message, message.getRecipients(RecipientType.TO));//发送邮件
下面是一个完整的代码:--------->>SendMail.java
package com.tools;import java.util.Calendar;import java.util.Properties;import javax.mail.Authenticator;import javax.mail.MessagingException;import javax.mail.PasswordAuthentication;import javax.mail.Session;import javax.mail.Transport;import javax.mail.Message.RecipientType;import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;public class SendMail { @SuppressWarnings("static-access") public static void sendMessage(String smtpHost, String from, String fromUserPassword, String to, String subject, String messageText, String messageType) throws MessagingException { // 第一步:配置javax.mail.Session对象 System.out.println("为" + smtpHost + "配置mail session对象"); Properties props = new Properties(); props.put("mail.smtp.host", smtpHost); props.put("mail.smtp.starttls.enable", "true");// 使用 STARTTLS安全连接 // props.put("mail.smtp.port", "25"); //google使用465或587端口 props.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true"); // 使用验证 // props.put("mail.debug", "true"); Session mailSession = Session.getInstance(props, new MyAuthenticator( from, fromUserPassword)); // 第二步:编写消息 System.out.println("编写消息from——to:" + from + "——" + to); InternetAddress fromAddress = new InternetAddress(from); InternetAddress toAddress = new InternetAddress(to); MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(mailSession); message.setFrom(fromAddress); message.addRecipient(RecipientType.TO, toAddress); message.setSentDate(Calendar.getInstance().getTime()); message.setSubject(subject); message.setContent(messageText, messageType); // 第三步:发送消息 Transport transport = mailSession.getTransport("smtp"); transport.connect(smtpHost, "chaofeng19861126", fromUserPassword); transport.send(message, message.getRecipients(RecipientType.TO)); System.out.println("message yes"); } public static void main(String[] args) { try { SendMail.sendMessage("smtp.gmail.com", "karemjohn@gmail.com", "************", "karemjohn@gmail.com", "nihao", "---------------wrwe-----------", "text/html;charset=gb2312"); } catch (MessagingException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } }}class MyAuthenticator extends Authenticator { String userName = ""; String password = ""; public MyAuthenticator() { } public MyAuthenticator(String userName, String password) { this.userName = userName; this.password = password; } protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() { return new PasswordAuthentication(userName, password); }}
前边发过一个比较简单,这个就比较适用了,也方便以后使用:
第一个文件:------>>MailSenderInfo.java
功能:封装了发送邮件的基本信息
package com.util.mail; /** * 发送邮件需要使用的基本信息 */ import java.util.Properties; public class MailSenderInfo { // 发送邮件的服务器的IP和端口 private String mailServerHost; private String mailServerPort = "25"; // 邮件发送者的地址 private String fromAddress; // 邮件接收者的地址 private String toAddress; // 登陆邮件发送服务器的用户名和密码 private String userName; private String password; // 是否需要身份验证 private boolean validate = false; // 邮件主题 private String subject; // 邮件的文本内容 private String content; // 邮件附件的文件名 private String[] attachFileNames; /** * 获得邮件会话属性 */ public Properties getProperties(){ Properties p = new Properties(); p.put("mail.smtp.host", this.mailServerHost); p.put("mail.smtp.port", this.mailServerPort); p.put("mail.smtp.auth", validate ? "true" : "false"); return p; } public String getMailServerHost() { return mailServerHost; } public void setMailServerHost(String mailServerHost) { this.mailServerHost = mailServerHost; } public String getMailServerPort() { return mailServerPort; } public void setMailServerPort(String mailServerPort) { this.mailServerPort = mailServerPort; } public boolean isValidate() { return validate; } public void setValidate(boolean validate) { this.validate = validate; } public String[] getAttachFileNames() { return attachFileNames; } public void setAttachFileNames(String[] fileNames) { this.attachFileNames = fileNames; } public String getFromAddress() { return fromAddress; } public void setFromAddress(String fromAddress) { this.fromAddress = fromAddress; } public String getPassword() { return password; } public void setPassword(String password) { this.password = password; } public String getToAddress() { return toAddress; } public void setToAddress(String toAddress) { this.toAddress = toAddress; } public String getUserName() { return userName; } public void setUserName(String userName) { this.userName = userName; } public String getSubject() { return subject; } public void setSubject(String subject) { this.subject = subject; } public String getContent() { return content; } public void setContent(String textContent) { this.content = textContent; } }
第二个文件:----------->>SimpleMailSender.java
功能:一个只发送文本的发送器
package com.util.mail; import java.util.Date; import java.util.Properties; import javax.mail.Address; import javax.mail.BodyPart; import javax.mail.Message; import javax.mail.MessagingException; import javax.mail.Multipart; import javax.mail.Session; import javax.mail.Transport; import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress; import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart; import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage; import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart; /** * 简单邮件(不带附件的邮件)发送器 */ public class SimpleMailSender { /** * 以文本格式发送邮件 * @param mailInfo 待发送的邮件的信息 */ public boolean sendTextMail(MailSenderInfo mailInfo) { // 判断是否需要身份认证 MyAuthenticator authenticator = null; Properties pro = mailInfo.getProperties(); if (mailInfo.isValidate()) { // 如果需要身份认证,则创建一个密码验证器 authenticator = new MyAuthenticator(mailInfo.getUserName(), mailInfo.getPassword()); } // 根据邮件会话属性和密码验证器构造一个发送邮件的session Session sendMailSession = Session.getDefaultInstance(pro,authenticator); try { // 根据session创建一个邮件消息 Message mailMessage = new MimeMessage(sendMailSession); // 创建邮件发送者地址 Address from = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getFromAddress()); // 设置邮件消息的发送者 mailMessage.setFrom(from); // 创建邮件的接收者地址,并设置到邮件消息中 Address to = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getToAddress()); mailMessage.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO,to); // 设置邮件消息的主题 mailMessage.setSubject(mailInfo.getSubject()); // 设置邮件消息发送的时间 mailMessage.setSentDate(new Date()); // 设置邮件消息的主要内容 String mailContent = mailInfo.getContent(); mailMessage.setText(mailContent); // 发送邮件 Transport.send(mailMessage); return true; } catch (MessagingException ex) { ex.printStackTrace(); } return false; } /** * 以HTML格式发送邮件 * @param mailInfo 待发送的邮件信息 */ public static boolean sendHtmlMail(MailSenderInfo mailInfo){ // 判断是否需要身份认证 MyAuthenticator authenticator = null; Properties pro = mailInfo.getProperties(); //如果需要身份认证,则创建一个密码验证器 if (mailInfo.isValidate()) { authenticator = new MyAuthenticator(mailInfo.getUserName(), mailInfo.getPassword()); } // 根据邮件会话属性和密码验证器构造一个发送邮件的session Session sendMailSession = Session.getDefaultInstance(pro,authenticator); try { // 根据session创建一个邮件消息 Message mailMessage = new MimeMessage(sendMailSession); // 创建邮件发送者地址 Address from = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getFromAddress()); // 设置邮件消息的发送者 mailMessage.setFrom(from); // 创建邮件的接收者地址,并设置到邮件消息中 Address to = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getToAddress()); // Message.RecipientType.TO属性表示接收者的类型为TO mailMessage.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO,to); // 设置邮件消息的主题 mailMessage.setSubject(mailInfo.getSubject()); // 设置邮件消息发送的时间 mailMessage.setSentDate(new Date()); // MiniMultipart类是一个容器类,包含MimeBodyPart类型的对象 Multipart mainPart = new MimeMultipart(); // 创建一个包含HTML内容的MimeBodyPart BodyPart html = new MimeBodyPart(); // 设置HTML内容 html.setContent(mailInfo.getContent(), "text/html; charset=utf-8"); mainPart.addBodyPart(html); // 将MiniMultipart对象设置为邮件内容 mailMessage.setContent(mainPart); // 发送邮件 Transport.send(mailMessage); return true; } catch (MessagingException ex) { ex.printStackTrace(); } return false; } }
第三个文件:——————>>MyAuthenticator.java
功能:密码验证器
package com.util.mail; import javax.mail.*; /** 密码验证器 */ public class MyAuthenticator extends Authenticator{ String userName=null; String password=null; public MyAuthenticator(){ } public MyAuthenticator(String username, String password) { this.userName = username; this.password = password; } protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication(){ return new PasswordAuthentication(userName, password); } }
程序入口,主函数:
public static void main(String[] args){ //这个类主要是设置邮件 MailSenderInfo mailInfo = new MailSenderInfo(); mailInfo.setMailServerHost("smtp.163.com"); mailInfo.setMailServerPort("25"); mailInfo.setValidate(true); mailInfo.setUserName("chaofeng19861126@163.com"); mailInfo.setPassword("********");//您的邮箱密码 mailInfo.setFromAddress("chaofeng19861126@163.com"); mailInfo.setToAddress("karemjohn@gmail.com"); mailInfo.setSubject("设置邮箱标题"); mailInfo.setContent("设置邮箱内容"); //这个类主要来发送邮件 SimpleMailSender sms = new SimpleMailSender(); sms.sendTextMail(mailInfo);//发送文体格式 sms.sendHtmlMail(mailInfo);//发送html格式 }
出自: http://blog.csdn.net/karem/article/details/4646071
java mail实现Email的发送,完整代码