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bootstrap基础学习【菜单、按钮、导航】（四）

2024-09-09 11:25:34   214人阅读

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        <title>bootstrap基础学习【菜单、按钮、导航】（四）</title>
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        <h3><strong>1.下拉菜单（基本用法）</strong></h3>
        1、使用一个名为“dropdown”的容器包裹了整个下拉菜单元素，示例中为:
        div class="dropdown" /div<br>
        2、使用了一个 button 按钮做为父菜单，并且定义类名“dropdown-toggle”和自定义“data-toggle”属性，且值必须和最外容器类名一致，此示例为:
        data-toggle="dropdown"<br>
        3、下拉菜单项使用一个ul列表，并且定义一个类名为“dropdown-menu”，此示例为:ul class="dropdown-menu"
        <div class="dropdown">
          <button class="btn btn-default dropdown-toggle" type="button" id="dropdownMenu1" data-toggle="dropdown">
            下拉菜单
            <span class="caret"></span>
          </button>
          <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu" aria-labelledby="dropdownMenu1">
            <li role="presentation"><a role="menuitem" tabindex="-1" href="#">下拉菜单项</a></li>
            <li role="presentation"><a role="menuitem" tabindex="-1" href="#">下拉菜单项</a></li>
            <li role="presentation"><a role="menuitem" tabindex="-1" href="#">下拉菜单项</a></li>
          </ul>
        </div> 
           
           <h3><strong>2.下拉菜单（下拉分割线）</strong></h3>
           下拉分隔线，假设下拉菜单有两个组，那么组与组之间可以通过添加一个空的 li ，
               并且给这个 li 添加类名“divider”来实现添加下拉分隔线的功能
               <div class="dropdown">
              <button class="btn btn-default dropdown-toggle" type="button" id="dropdownMenu1" data-toggle="dropdown">
                下拉菜单
                <span class="caret"></span>
              </button>
              <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu" aria-labelledby="dropdownMenu1">
                <li role="presentation"><a role="menuitem" tabindex="-1" href="#">下拉菜单项</a></li>
                <li role="presentation"><a role="menuitem" tabindex="-1" href="#">下拉菜单项</a></li>
                <li role="presentation" class="divider"></li>
                <li role="presentation"><a role="menuitem" tabindex="-1" href="#">下拉菜单项</a></li>
              </ul>
            </div> 
            
        <h3><strong>3.下拉菜单（菜单标题）</strong></h3>
        <div class="dropdown">
          <button class="btn btn-default dropdown-toggle" type="button" id="dropdownMenu1" data-toggle="dropdown">
            下拉菜单
            <span class="caret"></span>
          </button>
          <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu" aria-labelledby="dropdownMenu1">
            <li role="presentation" class="dropdown-header">第一部分菜单头部</li>
            <li role="presentation"><a role="menuitem" tabindex="-1" href="#">下拉菜单项</a></li>
            <li role="presentation"><a role="menuitem" tabindex="-1" href="#">下拉菜单项</a></li>
            <li role="presentation" class="divider"></li>
            <li role="presentation" class="dropdown-header">第二部分菜单头部</li>
            <li role="presentation"><a role="menuitem" tabindex="-1" href="#">下拉菜单项</a></li>
            <li role="presentation"><a role="menuitem" tabindex="-1" href="#">下拉菜单项</a></li>
          </ul>
        </div> 
        
        <div class="clearfix"></div>
        <h3><strong>4.下拉菜单（对齐方式）</strong></h3>
        <style>
            .dropdown{
              float: left;
            }
        </style>
        <h4>使用pull-right类使下拉菜单与父容器右边对齐</h4><br>
        Bootstrap框架中下拉菜单默认是左对齐，如果你想让下拉菜单相对于父容器右对齐时，<br />
        可以在“dropdown-menu”上添加一个“pull-right”或者“dropdown-menu-right”类名，<br />
        “pull-right”类可以用“dropdown-menu-right”代替，两个类的作用是一样的<br/>
        同时一定要为.dropdown添加float:left css样式。
         <div class="dropdown">
          <button class="btn btn-default dropdown-toggle" type="button" id="dropdownMenu1" data-toggle="dropdown">
            下拉菜单
            <span class="caret"></span>
          </button>
          <ul class="dropdown-menu pull-right" role="menu" aria-labelledby="dropdownMenu1">
            <li role="presentation"><a role="menuitem" tabindex="-1" href="#">下拉菜单项</a></li>
            <li role="presentation"><a role="menuitem" tabindex="-1" href="#">下拉菜单项</a></li>
            <li role="presentation"><a role="menuitem" tabindex="-1" href="#">下拉菜单项</a></li>
            <li role="presentation" class="divider"></li>
            <li role="presentation"><a role="menuitem" tabindex="-1" href="#">下拉菜单项</a></li>
          </ul>
        </div>
        <br />
        <br />
        <h4>使用dropdown-menu-right类使下拉菜单与父容器右边对齐</h4>
        <div class="dropdown">
          <button class="btn btn-default dropdown-toggle" type="button" id="dropdownMenu1" data-toggle="dropdown">
            下拉菜单
            <span class="caret"></span>
          </button>
          <ul class="dropdown-menu dropdown-menu-right" role="menu" aria-labelledby="dropdownMenu1">
            <li role="presentation"><a role="menuitem" tabindex="-1" href="#">下拉菜单项</a></li>
            <li role="presentation"><a role="menuitem" tabindex="-1" href="#">下拉菜单项</a></li>
            <li role="presentation"><a role="menuitem" tabindex="-1" href="#">下拉菜单项</a></li>
            <li role="presentation" class="divider"></li>
            <li role="presentation"><a role="menuitem" tabindex="-1" href="#">下拉菜单项</a></li>
          </ul>
        </div> 
        <br />
        <br />
        <h4>下拉菜单与父容器左边对齐</h4>
        <div class="dropdown">
          <button class="btn btn-default dropdown-toggle" type="button" id="dropdownMenu1" data-toggle="dropdown">
            下拉菜单
            <span class="caret"></span>
          </button>
          <ul class="dropdown-menu dropdown-menu-left" role="menu" aria-labelledby="dropdownMenu1">
            <li role="presentation"><a role="menuitem" tabindex="-1" href="#">下拉菜单项</a></li>
            <li role="presentation"><a role="menuitem" tabindex="-1" href="#">下拉菜单项</a></li>
            <li role="presentation"><a role="menuitem" tabindex="-1" href="#">下拉菜单项</a></li>
            <li role="presentation" class="divider"></li>
            <li role="presentation"><a role="menuitem" tabindex="-1" href="#">下拉菜单项</a></li>
          </ul>
        </div>
        
        
        <div class="clearfix"></div>
        <h3><strong>5.下拉菜单（菜单项状态）</strong></h3>
        当前状态（.active）和禁用状态（.disabled）。这两种状态使用方法只需要在对应的菜单项上添加对应的类名
        <div class="dropdown">
          <button class="btn btn-default dropdown-toggle" type="button" id="dropdownMenu1" data-toggle="dropdown">
            下拉菜单
            <span class="caret"></span>
          </button>
          <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu" aria-labelledby="dropdownMenu1">
            <li role="presentation" class="active"><a role="menuitem" tabindex="-1" href="#">下拉菜单项</a></li>
            <li role="presentation"><a role="menuitem" tabindex="-1" href="#">下拉菜单项</a></li>
            <li role="presentation"><a role="menuitem" tabindex="-1" href="#">下拉菜单项</a></li>
            <li role="presentation" class="divider"></li>
            <li role="presentation" class="disabled"><a role="menuitem" tabindex="-1" href="#">下拉菜单项</a></li>
          </ul>
        </div>
        
        <div class="clearfix"></div>
        <h3><strong>6.按钮（按钮组）</strong></h3>
        “.btn-group”容器里的标签元素需要带有类名“.btn”
        <div class="btn-group">
            <button type="button" class="btn btn-default"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-step-backward"></span></button>
            <button type="button" class="btn btn-default"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-fast-backward"></span></button>
            <button type="button" class="btn btn-default"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-backward"></span></button>
            <button type="button" class="btn btn-default"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-play"></span></button>
            <button type="button" class="btn btn-default"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-pause"></span></button>
            <button type="button" class="btn btn-default"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-stop"></span></button>
            <button type="button" class="btn btn-default"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-forward "></span></button>
            <button type="button" class="btn btn-default"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-fast-forward"></span></button>
            <button type="button" class="btn btn-default"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-step-forward"></span></button>
        </div>
        
        <h3><strong>7.按钮（按钮工具栏）</strong></h3>
        将按钮组“btn-group”按组放在一个大的容器“btn-toolbar”中<br>
         ?  .btn-group-lg:大按钮组<br>
          ?  .btn-group-sm:小按钮组<br>
          ?  .btn-group-xs:超小按钮组<br>
        只需要在“.btn-group”类名上追加对应的类名，就可以得到不同大小的按钮组
        <div class="btn-toolbar">
          <div class="btn-group">
            <button type="button" class="btn btn-default"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-align-left"></span></button>
            <button type="button" class="btn btn-default"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-align-center"></span></button>
            <button type="button" class="btn btn-default"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-align-right"></span></button>
            <button type="button" class="btn btn-default"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-align-justify"></span></button>
          </div>
          <div class="btn-group">
            <button type="button" class="btn btn-default"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-indent-left"></span></button>
            <button type="button" class="btn btn-default"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-indent-right"></span></button>
          </div>
          <div class="btn-group">
            <button type="button" class="btn btn-default"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-font"></span></button>
            <button type="button" class="btn btn-default"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-bold"></span></button>
            <button type="button" class="btn btn-default"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-italic"></span></button>
          </div>
          <div class="btn-group">
            <button type="button" class="btn btn-default"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-text-height"></span></button>
            <button type="button" class="btn btn-default"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-text-width"></span></button>
          </div>
        </div>
        <br />
        <br />
        <div class="btn-toolbar">
          <div class="btn-group btn-group-lg">
            <button type="button" class="btn btn-default"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-align-left"></span></button>
            <button type="button" class="btn btn-default"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-align-center"></span></button>
            <button type="button" class="btn btn-default"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-align-right"></span></button>
            <button type="button" class="btn btn-default"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-align-justify"></span></button>
          </div>
          <div class="btn-group">
            <button type="button" class="btn btn-default"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-indent-left"></span></button>
            <button type="button" class="btn btn-default"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-indent-right"></span></button>
          </div>
          <div class="btn-group btn-group-sm">
            <button type="button" class="btn btn-default"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-font"></span></button>
            <button type="button" class="btn btn-default"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-bold"></span></button>
            <button type="button" class="btn btn-default"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-italic"></span></button>
          </div>
          <div class="btn-group btn-group-xs">
            <button type="button" class="btn btn-default"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-text-height"></span></button>
            <button type="button" class="btn btn-default"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-text-width"></span></button>
          </div>
        </div>    
        
        <h3><strong>8.按钮（嵌套分组）</strong></h3>
        <div class="btn-group">
          <button class="btn btn-default" type="button">首页</button>
          <button class="btn btn-default" type="button">产品展示</button>
          <button class="btn btn-default" type="button">案例分析</button>
          <button class="btn btn-default" type="button">联系我们</button>
          <div class="btn-group">
              <button class="btn btn-default dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" type="button">关于我们<span class="caret"></span></button>
            <ul class="dropdown-menu">
                <li><a href="##">公司简介</a></li>
                <li><a href="##">企业文化</a></li>
                <li><a href="##">组织结构</a></li>
                <li><a href="##">客服服务</a></li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        
        <h3><strong>9.按钮（垂直分组）</strong></h3>
        只需要把水平分组的“btn-group”类名换成“btn-group-vertical”即可<br>
        <div class="btn-group-vertical">
          <button class="btn btn-default" type="button">首页</button>
          <button class="btn btn-default" type="button">产品展示</button>
          <button class="btn btn-default" type="button">案例分析</button>
          <button class="btn btn-default" type="button">联系我们</button>
          <div class="btn-group">
              <button class="btn btn-default dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" type="button">关于我们<span class="caret"></span></button>
            <ul class="dropdown-menu">
                <li><a href="##">公司简介</a></li>
                <li><a href="##">企业文化</a></li>
                <li><a href="##">组织结构</a></li>
                <li><a href="##">客服服务</a></li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        
        <h3><strong>10.按钮（等分按钮）</strong></h3>
        移动端上特别的实用，只需要在按钮组“btn-group”上追加一个“btn-group-justified”类名，
        在制作等分按钮组时，请尽量使用a标签元素来制作按钮，因为使用button标签元素时，使用display:table在部分浏览器下支持并不友好
        <div class="btn-wrap">
            <div class="btn-group btn-group-justified">
            <a class="btn btn-default" href="#">首页</a>
            <a class="btn btn-default" href="#">产品展示</a>
            <a class="btn btn-default" href="#">案例分析</a>
            <a class="btn btn-default" href="#">联系我们</a>
          </div>
        </div>
        
        <h3><strong>11.按钮下拉菜单</strong></h3>
          <div class="btn-group">
            <button class="btn btn-default dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" type="button">按钮下拉菜单<span class="caret"></span></button>
            <ul class="dropdown-menu">
                <li><a href="##">按钮下拉菜单项</a></li>
                <li><a href="##">按钮下拉菜单项</a></li>
                <li><a href="##">按钮下拉菜单项</a></li>
                <li><a href="##">按钮下拉菜单项</a></li>
            </ul>
          </div>
        
        <h3><strong>12.按钮的向下向上三角形、向上弹起的下拉菜单</strong></h3>
        实现方法：需要在“.btn-group”类上追加“dropup”类名（这也是做向上弹起下拉菜单要用的类名）。
        <div class="btn-group  dropup">
            <button class="btn btn-default dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" type="button">按钮下拉菜单<span class="caret"></span></button>
            <ul class="dropdown-menu">
                <li><a href="##">按钮下拉菜单项</a></li>
                <li><a href="##">按钮下拉菜单项</a></li>
                <li><a href="##">按钮下拉菜单项</a></li>
                <li><a href="##">按钮下拉菜单项</a></li>
            </ul>
        </div>
        
        <h3><strong>13.导航(基础样式)</strong></h3>
        Bootstrap框架中制作导航条主要通过“.nav”样式。默认的“.nav”样式不提供默认的导航样式，必须附加另外一个样式才会有效，比如“nav-tabs”、“nav-pills”之类
        <ul class="nav nav-tabs">
            <li><a href="##">Home</a></li>
            <li><a href="##">CSS3</a></li>
             <li><a href="##">Sass</a></li>
             <li><a href="##">jQuery</a></li>
             <li><a href="##">Responsive</a></li>
        </ul>
        
        <h3><strong>14.标签形(tab)导航（选项卡导航）</strong></h3>
        <ul class="nav nav-tabs">
            <li><a href="##">Home</a></li>
             <li><a href="##">CSS3</a></li>
             <li><a href="##">Sass</a></li>
             <li><a href="##">jQuery</a></li>
             <li><a href="##">Responsive</a></li>
        </ul>
        <br />
        <ul class="nav nav-tabs">
            <li class="active"><a href="##">Home</a></li>
             <li><a href="##">CSS3</a></li>
             <li><a href="##">Sass</a></li>
             <li><a href="##">jQuery</a></li>
             <li><a href="##">Responsive</a></li>
        </ul>
        <br />
         <ul class="nav nav-tabs">
            <li class="active"><a href="##">Home</a></li>
             <li><a href="##">CSS3</a></li>
             <li><a href="##">Sass</a></li>
             <li><a href="##">jQuery</a></li>
             <li class="disabled"><a href="##">Responsive</a></li>
         </ul>
         
        <h3><strong>15.导航（胶囊形(pills)导航）</strong></h3>
        只需要把类名“nav-tabs”换成“nav-pills”即可
        <ul class="nav nav-pills">
            <li class="active"><a href="##">Home</a></li>
             <li><a href="##">CSS3</a></li>
             <li><a href="##">Sass</a></li>
             <li><a href="##">jQuery</a></li>
             <li class="disabled"><a href="##">Responsive</a></li>
        </ul>
        
        <h3><strong>16.导航（垂直堆叠的导航）</strong></h3>
        制作垂直堆叠导航只需要在“nav-pills”的基础上添加一个“nav-stacked”类名即可
         <ul class="nav nav-pills nav-stacked">
             <li class="active"><a href="##">Home</a></li>
             <li><a href="##">CSS3</a></li>
             <li><a href="##">Sass</a></li>
             <li><a href="##">jQuery</a></li>
             <li class="disabled"><a href="##">Responsive</a></li>
         </ul>
         <br />
         分隔线：只需要添加在导航项之间添加“li class=”nav-divider” /li”即可
        <ul class="nav nav-pills nav-stacked">
            <li class="active"><a href="##">Home</a></li>
             <li><a href="##">CSS3</a></li>
             <li><a href="##">Sass</a></li>
             <li><a href="##">jQuery</a></li>
            <li class="nav-divider"></li>
             <li class="disabled"><a href="##">Responsive</a></li>
        </ul>
        
        <h3><strong>17.自适应导航（使用）</strong></h3>
        自适应导航和前面使用“btn-group-justified”制作的自适应按钮组是一样的。
        只不过在制作自适应导航时更换了另一个类名“nav-justified”。
        当然他需要和“nav-tabs”或者“nav-pills”配合在一起使用<br>
        实现原理：列表（ul）上设置宽度为“100%”，然后每个菜单项(li)设置了“display:table-cell”，
        让列表项以模拟表格单元格的形式显示<br>
        自适应导航仅在浏览器视窗宽度大于768px才能按100%宽度显示。
        <ul class="nav nav-tabs nav-justified">
          <li class="active"><a href="##">Home</a></li>
          <li><a href="##">CSS3</a></li>
          <li><a href="##">Sass</a></li>
          <li><a href="##">jQuery</a></li>
          <li><a href="##">Responsive</a></li>
        </ul>
        <br />
        <ul class="nav nav-pills nav-justified">
              <li class="active"><a href="##">Home</a></li>
              <li><a href="##">CSS3</a></li>
              <li><a href="##">Sass</a></li>
              <li><a href="##">jQuery</a></li>
              <li><a href="##">Responsive</a></li>
        </ul>
        
        <h3><strong>18.导航加下拉菜单（二级导航）</strong></h3>
        只需要将li当作父容器，使用类名“dropdown”，同时在li中嵌套另一个列表ul<br>
        分割线：只需要添加“li class=”nav-divider” /li”这样的一个空标签就可以了。
        <ul class="nav nav-pills">
          <li class="active"><a href="##">首页</a></li>
          <li class="dropdown">
              <a href="##" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown">教程<span class="caret"></span></a>
              <ul class="dropdown-menu">
                  <li><a href="##">CSS3</a></li>
                <li><a href="##">Sass</a></li>
                <li><a href="##">jQuery</a></li>
                <li><a href="##">Responsive</a></li>
              </ul>
          </li>
         <li><a href="##">关于我们</a></li>
        </ul>
        
        <h3><strong>19.面包屑式导航</strong></h3>
        <ol class="breadcrumb">
          <li><a href="#">首页</a></li>
          <li><a href="#">我的书</a></li>
          <li class="active">《图解CSS3》</li>
        </ol> 
    </body>
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bootstrap基础学习【菜单、按钮、导航】（四）


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