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《软件测试自动化之道》读书笔记 之 XML测试

《软件测试自动化之道》读书笔记 之 XML测试

2014-10-07

待测程序
测试程序
  通过XmlTextReader解析XML
  通过XmlDocument解析XML
  通过XmlPathDocument解析XML
  通过XmlSerializer解析XML
  通过DataSet解析XML
  通过XSD Schema对XML文件进行验证
  通过XSLT对XML文件进行修改
  通过XmlTextWrite对XML文件进行写操作
  比较两个XML文件是否严格相等
  不考虑编码方式,比较两个XML文件是否严格相等
  比较两个XML文件的规范等价性
  示例代码 

待测程序


 返回

‘testCases.xml’示例代码:

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?> 2 <suite> 3   <testcase id="001" bvt="yes"> 4     <inputs> 5       <arg1>red</arg1> 6       <arg2>blue</arg2> 7     </inputs> 8     <expected>purple</expected> 9   </testcase>10   11   <testcase id="002" bvt="no">12     <inputs>13       <arg1>blue</arg1>14       <arg2>yellow</arg2>15     </inputs>16     <expected>green</expected>17   </testcase>18 19   <testcase id="003" bvt="yes">20     <inputs>21       <arg1>white</arg1>22       <arg2>black</arg2>23     </inputs>24     <expected>gray</expected>25   </testcase>26 </suite>
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测试程序


 返回

本章给出5种解析技术,都是把‘testCases.xml’解析成测试用例Suite对象,Suite的定义如下:

 1 namespace Utility 2 { 3     public class TestCase 4     { 5         public string id; 6         public string bvt; 7         public string arg1; 8         public string arg2; 9         public string expected;10     }11 12     public class Suite13     {14         public System.Collections.ArrayList cases = new System.Collections.ArrayList();15         public void Display()16         {17             foreach (TestCase tc in cases)18             {19                 Console.WriteLine(tc.id + " " + tc.bvt + " " + tc.arg1 + " " + tc.arg2 + " " + tc.expected);20             }21         }22     }23 }
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通过XmlTextReader解析XML 

示例代码:

 1         private static void ParseByXMLTextReader(Utility.Suite suite, string tcPath) 2         { 3             XmlTextReader xtr = new XmlTextReader(tcPath); 4             xtr.WhitespaceHandling = WhitespaceHandling.None; 5             xtr.Read(); //read xml declaration, move to tag<suite> 6  7             while (!xtr.EOF) 8             { 9                 if (xtr.Name == "suite" && !xtr.IsStartElement()) break;10                 while (xtr.Name != "testcase" || !xtr.IsStartElement())11                     xtr.Read(); //move to tag<testcase>12 13                 Utility.TestCase tc = new Utility.TestCase();14                 tc.id = xtr.GetAttribute("id");15                 tc.bvt = xtr.GetAttribute("bvt");16                 xtr.Read(); //move to tag <inputs>17                 xtr.Read(); //move to tag <arg1>18                 tc.arg1 = xtr.ReadElementString("arg1");19                 tc.arg2 = xtr.ReadElementString("arg2");20                 xtr.Read(); //move to tag <expected>21                 tc.expected = xtr.ReadElementString("expected");22                 //current tag is </testcase>23                 suite.cases.Add(tc);24 25                 xtr.Read(); //current tag is <testcase> or </suite>26             }27             xtr.Close();            28         }29     }
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分析:

XmlTextReader把XML 解析成单个的数据片,如下xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?><alpha id="001">  <beta>123</beta></alpha>

不计空格,这里共有6个结点:XML声明、<alpha id="001">、<beta>、123、</beta>、</alpha>。

  • Read()方法:每次向前读取一个结点。与其它类的Read()不同,该方法并不返回有意义的数据;
  • ReadElementString()方法:才会返回单个标签和结尾之间的数据,并向前糯稻标签结束后面的下一个结点。
  • EOF属性:判断是否碰到文件结尾

当被解析的XML文件结构相对比较简单并且前后一致,且需要向前进行处理的时候,使用XmlTextReader是 一种直接有效的方法。与本章其他解析技术相比,也是最快的方法。与本章其他解析技术相比,XmlTextReader所进行的操作在比较地的抽象层次上,也就以为这作为程序员,要负责正确跟踪XML文件中的位置和正确调用Read()。

通过XmlDocument解析XML

示例代码:

 1         private static void ParseByXMLDocument(Utility.Suite suite, string tcPath) 2         { 3             XmlDocument xd = new XmlDocument(); 4             xd.Load(tcPath); 5  6             //get all <testcase> nodes 7             XmlNodeList nodeList = xd.SelectNodes("/suite/testcase"); 8             foreach (XmlNode node in nodeList) 9             {10                 Utility.TestCase tc = new Utility.TestCase();11                 tc.id = node.Attributes.GetNamedItem("id").Value;12                 tc.bvt = node.Attributes.GetNamedItem("bvt").Value;13 14                 XmlNode n = node.SelectSingleNode("inputs");15                 tc.arg1 = n.ChildNodes.Item(0).InnerText;16                 tc.arg2 = n.ChildNodes.Item(1).InnerText;17                 tc.expected = node.ChildNodes.Item(1).InnerText;18 19                 suite.cases.Add(tc);20             }21         }
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分析:

XmlDocument.Load()方法:把整个XML文件读如内存中。XmlDocument对象基于XML结点和子结点的概念。我们不采用顺序的方式遍历XML文件,而是通过SelectNodes()方法选择一组结点,或这通过SelectSingleNode()选择单个的结点。请注意:因为XML文件的attributes和elements之间有着显著的差别,所以我们必须通过Attributes.GetNamedItem()方法得到某个元素结点的id和bvt值。

因为XmlDocument会一次把整个XML文挡读入到内存中,所以对于被解析的XML文件非常大的情况,这种方法并不合适。

通过XmlPathDocument解析XML

示例代码:

 1         private static void ParseByXPathDocument(Utility.Suite suite, string tcPath) 2         { 3             System.Xml.XPath.XPathDocument xpd = new XPathDocument(tcPath); 4             XPathNavigator xpn = xpd.CreateNavigator(); 5             XPathNodeIterator xpi = xpn.Select("/suite/testcase"); 6  7             while (xpi.MoveNext()) 8             { 9                 Utility.TestCase tc = new Utility.TestCase();10                 tc.id = xpi.Current.GetAttribute("id", xpn.NamespaceURI);11                 tc.bvt = xpi.Current.GetAttribute("bvt", xpn.NamespaceURI);12 13                 XPathNodeIterator tcChild = xpi.Current.SelectChildren(XPathNodeType.Element);14                 while (tcChild.MoveNext())15                 {16                     17                         if (tcChild.Current.Name == "inputs")18                         {19                             XPathNodeIterator tcSubChild = tcChild.Current.SelectChildren(XPathNodeType.Element);20                             while (tcSubChild.MoveNext())21                             {22                                 if (tcSubChild.Current.Name == "arg1")23                                     tc.arg1 = tcSubChild.Current.Value;24                                 else if (tcSubChild.Current.Name == "arg2")25                                     tc.arg2 = tcSubChild.Current.Value;26                             }27                         }28                         else if (tcChild.Current.Name == "expected")29                             tc.expected = tcChild.Current.Value;30 31                 }32                 suite.cases.Add(tc);33             }34         }
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分析:

  • XpathDocument()构造函数:把整个XML文件存入内存。
  • XpathNavigator对象的Select()方法:选择XML文挡的一部分
  • XpathNodeIterator对象的MoveNext()方法:遍历XpathDocument对象。
  • GetAttribut()方法:取得attribute的值
  • SelectChildren()方法和Current.Value属性:取得XML元素的值

通过XmlPathDocument对象对XML文件进行解析,给人的感觉是它一部分是过程式的、底层的(类似于XmlTextReader)处理方法,一部分是面向对象的、高层次的(类似于XMLDocument)的处理方法。

XmlPathDocument类是针对XPath数据模型特别优化过的。所以当要解析的XML文件嵌套层次很深、结构很复杂或者需要大范围的查找炒作,这种方法尤为合适。但XmlPathDocument只能对XML文件进行读取,所以如果想对文件在内存中进行直接的操作,这种方法不行。

通过XmlSerializer解析XML

示例代码:

内存结构对应类:

 1 namespace SerializerLib 2 { 3     using System.Xml.Serialization; 4  5     [XmlRootAttribute("suite")] 6     public class Suite 7     { 8         [XmlElementAttribute("testcase")] 9         public TestCase[] items;10         public void Display()11         {12             foreach(TestCase tc in items)13             {14                 Console.WriteLine(tc.id + " " + tc.bvt + " " + tc.inputs.arg1 + " " + tc.inputs.arg2 + " " + tc.expected);15             }16         }17         18     }19 20     public class TestCase21     {22         [XmlAttributeAttribute()]23         public string id;24         [XmlAttributeAttribute()]25         public string bvt;26         [XmlElementAttribute("inputs")]27         public Inputs inputs;28         public string expected;29 30     }31 32     public class Inputs33     {34         public string arg1;35         public string arg2;36     }37 }
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ParseByXmlSerializer()方法:

1         private static void ParseByXmlSerializer(string tcPath)2         {3             XmlSerializer xs = new XmlSerializer(typeof(SerializerLib.Suite));4             StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(tcPath);5             SerializerLib.Suite suite = (SerializerLib.Suite)xs.Deserialize(sr);6             sr.Close();7             suite.Display();8         }
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分析:

通过XmlSerializer类对XML文件进行解析于其他5中XML解析类有着很大的不同,因为采用这种方法必须很仔细的把存储结构预先准备好。我们注意到把XML加载到内存中的操作只通过下面一个语句就完成了:

SerializerLib.Suite suite = (SerializerLib.Suite)xs.Deserialize(sr);

存储结构可以手工编写一个目标类,也可以通过Visual Studio .NET自带的xsd.exe命令行工具:

首先,执行以下命令(假设testCase.xml位于C盘根目录):

C:\>xsd.exe testCases.xml /o:.

这个命令的意思上创建testCases.xml文件的XSD schema定义并且把结果按照默认名保存到当前目录

然后,执行以下命令:

C:\xsd.exe testCases.xsd /c /o:.

这个命令的意思是使用testCase.xsd定义文件,通过默认的C#语言产生一组于Deserialize()方法兼容的类,并且以默认文件名testCases.cs保存到当前目录。

现在你可以把testCases.cs的代码直接拷贝到测试套间中,稍加修改(比如:去处一些不需要的代码,加一些额外的方法,改名等)

XmlSerialzier类为XML文件的解析提供了一种非常优雅的解决方案。所进行的操作也在最高的抽象层次,也就是说算法的细节大多屏蔽掉了。但也失去了一些对XML处理过程的处理。

通过DataSet解析XML 

示例代码:

 1         private static void ParseByDataSet(Utility.Suite suite, string tcPath) 2         { 3             DataSet ds = new DataSet(); 4             ds.ReadXml(tcPath); 5  6             foreach (DataRow row in ds.Tables["testcase"].Rows) 7             { 8                 Utility.TestCase tc=new Utility.TestCase(); 9                 tc.id = row["id"].ToString();10                 tc.bvt = row["bvt"].ToString();11                 tc.expected = row["expected"].ToString();12 13                 DataRow[] children = row.GetChildRows("testcase_inputs"); //relation name14                 tc.arg1=(children[0]["arg1"]).ToString();15                 tc.arg2=(children[0]["arg2"]).ToString();16 17                 suite.cases.Add(tc);18             }19         }
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分析:

ReadXml()方法:把XML文件直接读如一个System.Data.DataSet对象。你可以把DataSet对象想像成一个内存中的关系型数据库。通过DataSet对象对XML进行解析,关键是要理解XML(本质上是层次型的)是如何映射到一组DataTable对象(本质上是平面型的)的。XML源文件的每个层次都会在DataSet中产生一个表。

顶层的<testcase>产生一个名为testcase的DataTable。下一层次<inputs>产生一个名为inputs的DataTable。这时候还会产生一个叫做testcase_inputs的关系对象用来连接DataTable对象。请注意:XML的根结点所在的层次和最低层(本例中即<arg>所表示的数据)并不会产生表。

下面这个‘DisplayInfo’方法的代码提供一些你需要的信息:

 1         public static void DisplayInfo(DataSet ds) 2         { 3             foreach (DataTable dt in ds.Tables) 4             { 5                 Console.WriteLine("\n=========================================="); 6                 Console.WriteLine("Table= " + dt.TableName + "\n"); 7                 foreach (DataColumn dc in dt.Columns) 8                     Console.Write("{0,-14}", dc.ColumnName); 9                 Console.WriteLine("\n------------------------------------------");10                 foreach (DataRow dr in dt.Rows)11                 {12                     foreach(object data in dr.ItemArray)13                         Console.Write("{0,-14}", data.ToString());14                     Console.WriteLine();15                 }16                 Console.WriteLine("\n==========================================");17             }18             foreach (DataRelation dr in ds.Relations)19             {20                 Console.WriteLine("\n\nRelations:");21                 Console.WriteLine(dr.RelationName+"\n\n");22             }23         }
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图1 DataSet信息

通过XSD Schema对XML文件进行验证

示例代码:

 1         private static void VerifyByXsdSchema(string tcPath) 2         { 3             XmlSchemaCollection xsc = new XmlSchemaCollection(); 4             xsc.Add(null, @"..\..\testCases.xsd"); 5             XmlTextReader xtr = new XmlTextReader(tcPath); 6             XmlValidatingReader xvr = new XmlValidatingReader(xtr); 7             xvr.ValidationType = ValidationType.Schema; 8             xvr.Schemas.Add(xsc); 9             xvr.ValidationEventHandler += new ValidationEventHandler(ValidationCallBack);10             while (xvr.Read()) ;11 12             Console.WriteLine("If no error message then XML is valid");13         }
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分析:

通过XmlValidatingReader对象对想要验证的XML文件进行遍历。如果这个文件不是有效的XML文件,程序控制流程转向一个代理方法(delegate method),这个代理方法会打印出错误信息。

通过XmlSchemaCollection对象加载用于验证的schema定义,通过这种方法可以针对XML文件应用多个schema定义。

通过XSLT对XML文件进行修改

‘testCase.xml’原始形式如下:

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?> 2 <suite> 3   <testcase id="001" bvt="yes"> 4     <inputs> 5       <arg1>red</arg1> 6       <arg2>blue</arg2> 7     </inputs> 8     <expected>purple</expected> 9   </testcase>10 11 <suite>
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修改后的版本:

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> 2 <allOfTheTestCases> 3   <aCase caseID="001"> 4     <bvt>yes</bvt> 5     <expRes>purple</expRes> 6     <inputs> 7       <input1>red</input1> 8       <input2>blue</input2> 9     </inputs>10   </aCase>11 12 </allOfTheTestCases>
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示例代码:

‘testCasesModifier.xslt’代码:

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> 2 <xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" 3     xmlns:msxsl="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:xslt" exclude-result-prefixes="msxsl" 4 > 5     <xsl:output method="xml" indent="yes"/> 6  7     <xsl:template match="/"> 8       <allOfTheTestCases> 9         <xsl:for-each select ="//testcase">10           <aCase>11             <xsl:attribute name="caseID">12               <xsl:value-of select ="@id"/>13             </xsl:attribute>14             <bvt>15               <xsl:value-of select="@bvt"/>16             </bvt>17             <expRes>18               <xsl:value-of select="expected"/>19             </expRes>20             <inputs>21               <xsl:for-each select="inputs">22                 <input1>23                   <xsl:value-of select="arg1"/>24                 </input1>25                 <input2>26                   <xsl:value-of select="arg2"/>27                 </input2>28               </xsl:for-each>29             </inputs>30           </aCase>31         </xsl:for-each>32       </allOfTheTestCases>33     </xsl:template>34 </xsl:stylesheet>
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UpdateXMLByXSLT()方法代码:

1         private static void UpdateXMLByXSLT(string tcPath)2         {3             XslTransform xst = new XslTransform();4             xst.Load(@"..\..\testCasesModifier.xslt");5             xst.Transform(tcPath, @"..\..\testCasesModifier.xml");6             Console.WriteLine("Done. New XML file is ‘testCasesModifier.xml‘");7         }
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通过XmlTextWrite对XML文件进行写操作

示例代码:

 1         private static void WriteXMLbyXmlTextWrite() 2         { 3             string caseID = "0001"; 4             string result = "Pass"; 5             string whenRun = "10/09/2014"; 6             XmlTextWriter xtw = new XmlTextWriter(@"..\..\Results1.xml", System.Text.Encoding.UTF8); 7             xtw.Formatting = Formatting.Indented; 8             xtw.WriteStartDocument(); 9             xtw.WriteStartElement("Results");10             xtw.WriteStartElement("result");11             xtw.WriteAttributeString("id", caseID);12             xtw.WriteStartElement("passfaill");13             xtw.WriteString(result);14             xtw.WriteEndElement();15             xtw.WriteStartElement("whenRun");16             xtw.WriteString(whenRun);17             xtw.WriteEndElement();18             xtw.WriteEndElement();19             xtw.WriteEndElement();20             xtw.Close();21         }
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结果‘TestResult1.xml’:

1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>2 <Results>3   <result id="0001">4     <passfaill>Pass</passfaill>5     <whenRun>10/09/2014</whenRun>6   </result>7 </Results>
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比较两个XML文件是否严格相等

示例代码:

 1         private static bool XMLExactlySame(string file1,string file2) 2         { 3             FileStream fs1 = new FileStream(file1, FileMode.Open); 4             FileStream fs2 = new FileStream(file2, FileMode.Open); 5  6             if (fs1.Length != fs2.Length) 7                 return false; 8             else 9             {10                 int b1 = 0;11                 int b2 = 0;12 13                 while ((b1 = fs1.ReadByte()) != -1)14                 {15                     b2 = fs2.ReadByte();16                     if (b1 != b2)17                     {18                         fs1.Close();19                         fs2.Close();20                         return false;21                     }22                 }23                 fs1.Close();24                 fs2.Close();25                 return true;26             }27         }
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分析:

通过FileStream对象遍历两个XML文件。一个字节一个字节的读入文件内容,如果某个字节不匹配,则返回false。

不考虑编码方式,比较两个XML文件是否严格相等

示例代码:

 1         private static bool XMLExactlyExceptEncoding(string file1, string file2) 2         { 3             FileStream fs1 = new FileStream(file1, FileMode.Open); 4             FileStream fs2 = new FileStream(file2, FileMode.Open); 5             StreamReader sr1 = new StreamReader(fs1); 6             StreamReader sr2 = new StreamReader(fs2); 7  8             string s1 = sr1.ReadToEnd(); 9             string s2 = sr2.ReadToEnd();10             sr1.Close();11             sr2.Close();12             fs1.Close();13             fs2.Close();14             return (s1==s2);15         }
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分析:

编写软件测试时,可能需要对实际的XML文件和期望的XML文件进行比较,而不关心它们的编码机制是否一样。换句话说,如果实际的XML文件和期望的XML文件包含相同的字符数据,只不过编码方式不同(比如:UTF-8,ANSI )。若要考虑编码,可用重载过的==运算符。

比较两个XML文件的规范等价性

第一个XML文件Books1.xml代码如下:

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> 2 <books> 3    4   <book> 5     <title isbn=‘1111‘ storeid="A1A1"> 6       All About Apples 7     </title> 8     <author> 9       <last>Anderson</last>10       <first>Adam</first>11     </author>12   </book>13 </books>
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第二个XML文件Books2.xml代码如下:

 1 <books> 2   <book> 3     <title storeid="A1A1" isbn="1111"> 4       All About Apples 5     </title> 6     <author> 7       <last>Anderson</last> 8       <first>Adam</first> 9     </author>10   </book>11 </books>
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示例代码:

 1         private static void XMLCanonicalEquivalence() 2         { 3             string file1 = @"..\..\Books1.xml"; 4             string file2 = @"..\..\Books2.xml"; 5              6             XmlDocument xd1 = new XmlDocument(); 7             xd1.Load(file1); 8  9             XmlDsigC14NTransform t1 = new XmlDsigC14NTransform(true); //true mean inclue comment10 11             t1.LoadInput(xd1);12             Stream s1 = t1.GetOutput() as Stream;13             XmlTextReader xtr1 = new XmlTextReader(s1);14             MemoryStream ms1 = new MemoryStream();15             XmlTextWriter xtw1 = new XmlTextWriter(ms1, System.Text.Encoding.UTF8);16             xtw1.WriteNode(xtr1, false); //false mean not copy default properties17 18             xtw1.Flush();19             ms1.Position = 0;20             StreamReader sr1 = new StreamReader(ms1);21             string str1 = sr1.ReadToEnd();22             Console.WriteLine(str1);23 24             Console.WriteLine("\n==============\n");25 26             XmlDocument xd2 = new XmlDocument();27             xd2.Load(file2);28 29             XmlDsigC14NTransform t2 = new XmlDsigC14NTransform(true); //true mean inclue comment30 31             t2.LoadInput(xd2);32             Stream s2 = t2.GetOutput() as Stream;33             XmlTextReader xtr2 = new XmlTextReader(s2);34             MemoryStream ms2 = new MemoryStream();35             XmlTextWriter xtw2 = new XmlTextWriter(ms2, System.Text.Encoding.UTF8);36             xtw2.WriteNode(xtr2, false); //false mean not copy default properties37 38             xtw2.Flush();39             ms2.Position = 0;40             StreamReader sr2 = new StreamReader(ms2);41             string str2 = sr2.ReadToEnd();42             Console.WriteLine(str2);43 44             if (str1 == str2)45                 Console.WriteLine("Files cannonically equivalent");46             else47                 Console.WriteLine("Files Not canonically equivalent");48         }
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分析:

通过XmlDsigC14NTransform类对两个要比较的XML文件实施C14N规范花转换,然后通过两个MemoryStream对象对内存中两个转换后文件进行比较。你可以把规范等价性想像成“从大多数实际应用的角度来看都是相等的”。

上面两个XML文件‘Books1.xml’,‘Bools2.xml’具有规范等价性。两个文件中的空格不影响比较的结果;但引号双引号不影响比较的结果;XML声明不影响比较的结果;attributes的顺序不影响比较的结果。

C14N规范等价性是相当复杂的。它是有W3C定义的,主要用于安全领域,XmlDsigC14NTransform类位于System.Security.dll中。为了判断一个XML文件在网络传输的过程中是否被无意中修改或被恶意修改,我们可以比较发送文件和接受文件加密哈希值。但是,由于网络可能会修改这个文件,我们需要以某种方式来判断它们的规范等价性。

示例代码

  1 using System;  2 using System.Text;  3   4 using System.Xml;  5 using System.Xml.XPath;  6   7 using System.Xml.Serialization;  8 using System.IO;  9 using System.Data; 10 using System.Xml.Schema; 11 using System.Xml.Xsl; 12  13 using System.Security.Cryptography.Xml; 14  15 namespace XMLTest 16 { 17     class Program 18     { 19         static void Main(string[] args) 20         { 21             Console.WriteLine("Start\n"); 22             string tcPath = @"..\..\testCases.xml"; 23             //Utility.Suite suite = new Utility.Suite(); 24  25             //ParseByXMLTextReader(suite, tcPath); 26             //ParseByXMLDocument(suite, tcPath); 27             //ParseByXPathDocument(suite, tcPath); 28             //ParseByXmlSerializer(suite, tcPath); 29             //ParseByDataSet(suite, tcPath); 30              31             //suite.Display(); 32  33             //VerifyByXsdSchema(tcPath); 34             //UpdateXMLByXSLT(tcPath); 35             //WriteXMLbyXmlTextWrite(); 36  37             //XMLExactlySame 38             //XMLExactlyExceptEncoding 39             XMLCanonicalEquivalence(); 40  41             Console.WriteLine("\nDone"); 42             Console.Read(); 43         } 44  45         private static void XMLCanonicalEquivalence() 46         { 47             string file1 = @"..\..\Books1.xml"; 48             string file2 = @"..\..\Books2.xml"; 49              50             XmlDocument xd1 = new XmlDocument(); 51             xd1.Load(file1); 52  53             XmlDsigC14NTransform t1 = new XmlDsigC14NTransform(true); //true mean inclue comment 54  55             t1.LoadInput(xd1); 56             Stream s1 = t1.GetOutput() as Stream; 57             XmlTextReader xtr1 = new XmlTextReader(s1); 58             MemoryStream ms1 = new MemoryStream(); 59             XmlTextWriter xtw1 = new XmlTextWriter(ms1, System.Text.Encoding.UTF8); 60             xtw1.WriteNode(xtr1, false); //false mean not copy default properties 61  62             xtw1.Flush(); 63             ms1.Position = 0; 64             StreamReader sr1 = new StreamReader(ms1); 65             string str1 = sr1.ReadToEnd(); 66             Console.WriteLine(str1); 67  68             Console.WriteLine("\n==============\n"); 69  70             XmlDocument xd2 = new XmlDocument(); 71             xd2.Load(file2); 72  73             XmlDsigC14NTransform t2 = new XmlDsigC14NTransform(true); //true mean inclue comment 74  75             t2.LoadInput(xd2); 76             Stream s2 = t2.GetOutput() as Stream; 77             XmlTextReader xtr2 = new XmlTextReader(s2); 78             MemoryStream ms2 = new MemoryStream(); 79             XmlTextWriter xtw2 = new XmlTextWriter(ms2, System.Text.Encoding.UTF8); 80             xtw2.WriteNode(xtr2, false); //false mean not copy default properties 81  82             xtw2.Flush(); 83             ms2.Position = 0; 84             StreamReader sr2 = new StreamReader(ms2); 85             string str2 = sr2.ReadToEnd(); 86             Console.WriteLine(str2); 87  88             if (str1 == str2) 89                 Console.WriteLine("Files cannonically equivalent"); 90             else 91                 Console.WriteLine("Files Not canonically equivalent"); 92         } 93  94         private static bool XMLExactlyExceptEncoding(string file1, string file2) 95         { 96             FileStream fs1 = new FileStream(file1, FileMode.Open); 97             FileStream fs2 = new FileStream(file2, FileMode.Open); 98             StreamReader sr1 = new StreamReader(fs1); 99             StreamReader sr2 = new StreamReader(fs2);100 101             string s1 = sr1.ReadToEnd();102             string s2 = sr2.ReadToEnd();103             sr1.Close();104             sr2.Close();105             fs1.Close();106             fs2.Close();107             return (s1==s2);108         }109 110         private static bool XMLExactlySame(string file1,string file2)111         {112             FileStream fs1 = new FileStream(file1, FileMode.Open);113             FileStream fs2 = new FileStream(file2, FileMode.Open);114 115             if (fs1.Length != fs2.Length)116                 return false;117             else118             {119                 int b1 = 0;120                 int b2 = 0;121 122                 while ((b1 = fs1.ReadByte()) != -1)123                 {124                     b2 = fs2.ReadByte();125                     if (b1 != b2)126                     {127                         fs1.Close();128                         fs2.Close();129                         return false;130                     }131                 }132                 fs1.Close();133                 fs2.Close();134                 return true;135             }136         }137 138         private static void WriteXMLbyXmlTextWrite()139         {140             string caseID = "0001";141             string result = "Pass";142             string whenRun = "10/09/2014";143             XmlTextWriter xtw = new XmlTextWriter(@"..\..\Results1.xml", System.Text.Encoding.UTF8);144             xtw.Formatting = Formatting.Indented;145             xtw.WriteStartDocument();146             xtw.WriteStartElement("Results");147             xtw.WriteStartElement("result");148             xtw.WriteAttributeString("id", caseID);149             xtw.WriteStartElement("passfaill");150             xtw.WriteString(result);151             xtw.WriteEndElement();152             xtw.WriteStartElement("whenRun");153             xtw.WriteString(whenRun);154             xtw.WriteEndElement();155             xtw.WriteEndElement();156             xtw.WriteEndElement();157             xtw.Close();158         }159 160         private static void UpdateXMLByXSLT(string tcPath)161         {162             XslTransform xst = new XslTransform();163             xst.Load(@"..\..\testCasesModifier.xslt");164             xst.Transform(tcPath, @"..\..\testCasesModifier.xml");165             Console.WriteLine("Done. New XML file is ‘testCasesModifier.xml‘");166         }167 168         private static void VerifyByXsdSchema(string tcPath)169         {170             XmlSchemaCollection xsc = new XmlSchemaCollection();171             xsc.Add(null, @"..\..\testCases.xsd");172             XmlTextReader xtr = new XmlTextReader(tcPath);173             XmlValidatingReader xvr = new XmlValidatingReader(xtr);174             xvr.ValidationType = ValidationType.Schema;175             xvr.Schemas.Add(xsc);176             xvr.ValidationEventHandler += new ValidationEventHandler(ValidationCallBack);177             while (xvr.Read()) ;178 179             Console.WriteLine("If no error message then XML is valid");180         }181 182         private static void ValidationCallBack(object sender, ValidationEventArgs ea)183         {184             Console.WriteLine("Validation error: " + ea.Message);185             Console.ReadLine();186         }187 188         public static void DisplayInfo(DataSet ds)189         {190             foreach (DataTable dt in ds.Tables)191             {192                 Console.WriteLine("\n==========================================");193                 Console.WriteLine("Table= " + dt.TableName + "\n");194                 foreach (DataColumn dc in dt.Columns)195                     Console.Write("{0,-14}", dc.ColumnName);196                 Console.WriteLine("\n------------------------------------------");197                 foreach (DataRow dr in dt.Rows)198                 {199                     foreach(object data in dr.ItemArray)200                         Console.Write("{0,-14}", data.ToString());201                     Console.WriteLine();202                 }203                 Console.WriteLine("\n==========================================");204             }205             foreach (DataRelation dr in ds.Relations)206             {207                 Console.WriteLine("\n\nRelations:");208                 Console.WriteLine(dr.RelationName+"\n\n");209             }210         }211 212         private static void ParseByDataSet(Utility.Suite suite, string tcPath)213         {214             DataSet ds = new DataSet();215             ds.ReadXml(tcPath);216 217             foreach (DataRow row in ds.Tables["testcase"].Rows)218             {219                 Utility.TestCase tc=new Utility.TestCase();220                 tc.id = row["id"].ToString();221                 tc.bvt = row["bvt"].ToString();222                 tc.expected = row["expected"].ToString();223 224                 DataRow[] children = row.GetChildRows("testcase_inputs"); //relation name225                 tc.arg1=(children[0]["arg1"]).ToString();226                 tc.arg2=(children[0]["arg2"]).ToString();227 228                 suite.cases.Add(tc);229             }230             DisplayInfo(ds);231         }232 233         private static void ParseByXmlSerializer(string tcPath)234         {235             XmlSerializer xs = new XmlSerializer(typeof(SerializerLib.Suite));236             StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(tcPath);237             SerializerLib.Suite suite = (SerializerLib.Suite)xs.Deserialize(sr);238             sr.Close();239             suite.Display();240         }241 242         private static void ParseByXPathDocument(Utility.Suite suite, string tcPath)243         {244             System.Xml.XPath.XPathDocument xpd = new XPathDocument(tcPath);245             XPathNavigator xpn = xpd.CreateNavigator();246             XPathNodeIterator xpi = xpn.Select("/suite/testcase");247 248             while (xpi.MoveNext())249             {250                 Utility.TestCase tc = new Utility.TestCase();251                 tc.id = xpi.Current.GetAttribute("id", xpn.NamespaceURI);252                 tc.bvt = xpi.Current.GetAttribute("bvt", xpn.NamespaceURI);253 254                 XPathNodeIterator tcChild = xpi.Current.SelectChildren(XPathNodeType.Element);255                 while (tcChild.MoveNext())256                 {257                     258                         if (tcChild.Current.Name == "inputs")259                         {260                             XPathNodeIterator tcSubChild = tcChild.Current.SelectChildren(XPathNodeType.Element);261                             while (tcSubChild.MoveNext())262                             {263                                 if (tcSubChild.Current.Name == "arg1")264                                     tc.arg1 = tcSubChild.Current.Value;265                                 else if (tcSubChild.Current.Name == "arg2")266                                     tc.arg2 = tcSubChild.Current.Value;267                             }268                         }269                         else if (tcChild.Current.Name == "expected")270                             tc.expected = tcChild.Current.Value;271 272                 }273                 suite.cases.Add(tc);274             }275         }276 277         private static void ParseByXMLDocument(Utility.Suite suite, string tcPath)278         {279             XmlDocument xd = new XmlDocument();280             xd.Load(tcPath);281 282             //get all <testcase> nodes283             XmlNodeList nodeList = xd.SelectNodes("/suite/testcase");284             foreach (XmlNode node in nodeList)285             {286                 Utility.TestCase tc = new Utility.TestCase();287                 tc.id = node.Attributes.GetNamedItem("id").Value;288                 tc.bvt = node.Attributes.GetNamedItem("bvt").Value;289 290                 XmlNode n = node.SelectSingleNode("inputs");291                 tc.arg1 = n.ChildNodes.Item(0).InnerText;292                 tc.arg2 = n.ChildNodes.Item(1).InnerText;293                 tc.expected = node.ChildNodes.Item(1).InnerText;294 295                 suite.cases.Add(tc);296             }297         }298 299         private static void ParseByXMLTextReader(Utility.Suite suite, string tcPath)300         {301             XmlTextReader xtr = new XmlTextReader(tcPath);302             xtr.WhitespaceHandling = WhitespaceHandling.None;303             xtr.Read(); //read xml declaration, move to tag<suite>304 305             while (!xtr.EOF)306             {307                 if (xtr.Name == "suite" && !xtr.IsStartElement()) break;308                 while (xtr.Name != "testcase" || !xtr.IsStartElement())309                     xtr.Read(); //move to tag<testcase>310 311                 Utility.TestCase tc = new Utility.TestCase();312                 tc.id = xtr.GetAttribute("id");313                 tc.bvt = xtr.GetAttribute("bvt");314                 xtr.Read(); //move to tag <inputs>315                 xtr.Read(); //move to tag <arg1>316                 tc.arg1 = xtr.ReadElementString("arg1");317                 tc.arg2 = xtr.ReadElementString("arg2");318                 xtr.Read(); //move to tag <expected>319                 tc.expected = xtr.ReadElementString("expected");320                 //current tag is </testcase>321                 suite.cases.Add(tc);322 323                 xtr.Read(); //current tag is <testcase> or </suite>324             }325             xtr.Close();            326         }327     }328 }329 330 namespace SerializerLib331 {332     using System.Xml.Serialization;333 334     [XmlRootAttribute("suite")]335     public class Suite336     {337         [XmlElementAttribute("testcase")]338         public TestCase[] items;339         public void Display()340         {341             foreach(TestCase tc in items)342             {343                 Console.WriteLine(tc.id + " " + tc.bvt + " " + tc.inputs.arg1 + " " + tc.inputs.arg2 + " " + tc.expected);344             }345         }346         347     }348 349     public class TestCase350     {351         [XmlAttributeAttribute()]352         public string id;353         [XmlAttributeAttribute()]354         public string bvt;355         [XmlElementAttribute("inputs")]356         public Inputs inputs;357         public string expected;358 359     }360 361     public class Inputs362     {363         public string arg1;364         public string arg2;365     }366 }367 368 namespace Utility369 {370     public class TestCase371     {372         public string id;373         public string bvt;374         public string arg1;375         public string arg2;376         public string expected;377     }378 379     public class Suite380     {381         public System.Collections.ArrayList cases = new System.Collections.ArrayList();382         public void Display()383         {384             foreach (TestCase tc in cases)385             {386                 Console.WriteLine(tc.id + " " + tc.bvt + " " + tc.arg1 + " " + tc.arg2 + " " + tc.expected);387             }388         }389     }390 }
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《软件测试自动化之道》读书笔记 之 XML测试