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设计模式之——建造者模式
1
建造者模式在抽象类的构造上有点像模板方法，类方法是在父类中构造的而非子类继承重写，首先以最常用的类开始：
1 package Jianzaozhe; 2 3 import java.util.ArrayList; 4 import java.util.List; 5 6 public class Client { 7 public static void main(String[] args) { 8 BenzModel benzModel = new BenzModel(); 9 ArrayList<String>sequence = new ArrayList<>(); 10 sequence.add("engine boom"); 11 sequence.add("start"); 12 sequence.add("stop"); 13 benzModel.setSequence(sequence); 14 benzModel.run(); 15 } 16 } 17 18 abstract class CarModel { 19 private List<String> sequence = new ArrayList<>(); 20 21 protected abstract void start(); 22 23 protected abstract void stop(); 24 25 protected abstract void alarm(); 26 27 protected abstract void engineBoom(); 28 29 final public void run() { 30 for (int i = 0; i < this.sequence.size(); i++) { 31 String actionName = this.sequence.get(i); 32 if (actionName.equalsIgnoreCase("start")) { 33 this.start(); // 开启汽车 34 } else if (actionName.equalsIgnoreCase("stop")) { 35 this.stop(); // 停止汽车 36 } else if (actionName.equalsIgnoreCase("alarm")) { 37 this.alarm(); // 喇叭开始叫了 38 } else if (actionName.equalsIgnoreCase("engine boom")) { // 如果是engine 39 // boom关键字 40 this.engineBoom(); // 引擎开始轰鸣 41 } 42 } 43 } 44 45 public List<String> getSequence() { 46 return sequence; 47 } 48 49 public void setSequence(List<String> sequence) { 50 this.sequence = sequence; 51 } 52 53 } 54 55 class BenzModel extends CarModel { 56 57 @Override 58 protected void start() { 59 // TODO Auto-generated method stub 60 System.out.println("奔驰开始了..."); 61 } 62 63 @Override 64 protected void stop() { 65 // TODO Auto-generated method stub 66 System.out.println("奔驰停止了..."); 67 } 68 69 @Override 70 protected void alarm() { 71 // TODO Auto-generated method stub 72 System.out.println("奔驰按喇叭..."); 73 } 74 75 @Override 76 protected void engineBoom() { 77 // TODO Auto-generated method stub 78 System.out.println("奔驰引擎开启..."); 79 } 80 81 } 82 83 class BMWModel extends CarModel { 84 @Override 85 protected void start() { 86 // TODO Auto-generated method stub 87 System.out.println("宝马开始了..."); 88 } 89 90 @Override 91 protected void stop() { 92 // TODO Auto-generated method stub 93 System.out.println("宝马停止了..."); 94 } 95 96 @Override 97 protected void alarm() { 98 // TODO Auto-generated method stub 99 System.out.println("宝马按喇叭...");100 }101 102 @Override103 protected void engineBoom() {104 // TODO Auto-generated method stub105 System.out.println("宝马引擎开启...");106 }107 }
测试结果：
奔驰引擎开启...
奔驰开始了...
奔驰停止了...
2
在Client类中可以选择我们要执行的动作的顺序，但是具体到每一个动作我们都要重新装配一遍，这样太麻烦了，我们可以为每个模型定义一个装配类，由它来定义子类东走执行的顺序：
1 abstract class CarBuilder{ 2 public abstract void setSequence(List<String> sequence); 3 public abstract CarModel getCarModel(); 4 } 5 6 class BenzBuilder extends CarBuilder{ 7 8 private BenzModel benzModel = new BenzModel(); 9 @Override10 public void setSequence(List<String> sequence) {11 // TODO Auto-generated method stub12 this.benzModel.setSequence(sequence);13 }14 15 @Override16 public CarModel getCarModel() {17 // TODO Auto-generated method stub18 return this.benzModel;19 }20 21 }22 23 class BMWBuilder extends CarBuilder{24 private BMWModel bmwModel = new BMWModel();25 26 @Override27 public void setSequence(List<String> sequence) {28 // TODO Auto-generated method stub29 this.bmwModel.setSequence(sequence);30 }31 32 @Override33 public CarModel getCarModel() {34 // TODO Auto-generated method stub35 return this.bmwModel;36 }37 38 }
修改Client
1 public class Client{ 2 public static void main(String[] args) { 3 List<String>sequence = new ArrayList<>(); 4 sequence.add("engine boom"); 5 sequence.add("start"); 6 sequence.add("stop"); 7 8 BenzBuilder benzBuilder = new BenzBuilder(); 9 benzBuilder.setSequence(sequence);10 BenzModel benzModel = (BenzModel)benzBuilder.getCarModel();11 benzModel.run();12 13 BMWBuilder bmwBuilder = new BMWBuilder();14 bmwBuilder.setSequence(sequence);15 BMWModel bmwModel = (BMWModel)bmwBuilder.getCarModel();16 bmwModel.run();17 }18 }
测试结果：
奔驰引擎开启...
奔驰开始了...
奔驰停止了...
宝马引擎开启...
宝马开始了...
宝马停止了...
3
上面利用Builder对getModel和getSequence两个方法进行了封装，对于未知顺序的类我们还是无法改变，这时就要利用导演类Director了：
1 class Director{ 2 private List<String>sequence = new ArrayList<>(); 3 private BenzBuilder benzBuilder = new BenzBuilder(); 4 private BMWBuilder bmwBuilder = new BMWBuilder(); 5 6 public BenzModel getABenzModel(){ 7 this.sequence.clear(); 8 this.sequence.add("start"); 9 this.sequence.add("stop");10 this.benzBuilder.setSequence(sequence);11 return (BenzModel)this.benzBuilder.getCarModel();12 }13 14 public BenzModel getBBenzModel(){15 this.sequence.clear();16 this.sequence.add("engine boom");17 this.sequence.add("alarm");18 this.benzBuilder.setSequence(sequence);19 return (BenzModel)this.benzBuilder.getCarModel();20 }21 22 public BMWModel getABmwModel(){23 this.sequence.clear();24 this.sequence.add("start");25 this.sequence.add("stop");26 this.bmwBuilder.setSequence(sequence);27 return (BMWModel)this.bmwBuilder.getCarModel();28 }29 30 public BMWModel getBBmwModel(){31 this.sequence.clear();32 this.sequence.add("engine boom");33 this.sequence.add("alarm");34 this.benzBuilder.setSequence(sequence);35 return (BMWModel)this.bmwBuilder.getCarModel();36 }37 }
修改Client
1 public class Client{ 2 public static void main(String[] args) { 3 Director director = new Director(); 4 for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) { 5 director.getABenzModel().run(); 6 } 7 for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) { 8 director.getBBenzModel().run(); 9 }10 for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {11 director.getABmwModel().run();12 }13 for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {14 director.getBBmwModel().run();15 }16 }17 }
测试结果：
奔驰开始了...
奔驰停止了...
奔驰开始了...
奔驰停止了...
奔驰开始了...
奔驰停止了...
奔驰开始了...
奔驰停止了...
奔驰开始了...
奔驰停止了...
奔驰引擎开启...
奔驰按喇叭...
奔驰引擎开启...
奔驰按喇叭...
奔驰引擎开启...
奔驰按喇叭...
奔驰引擎开启...
奔驰按喇叭...
奔驰引擎开启...
奔驰按喇叭...
宝马开始了...
宝马停止了...
宝马开始了...
宝马停止了...
宝马开始了...
宝马停止了...
宝马开始了...
宝马停止了...
宝马开始了...
宝马停止了...
宝马引擎开启...
宝马按喇叭...
宝马引擎开启...
宝马按喇叭...
宝马引擎开启...
宝马按喇叭...
宝马引擎开启...
宝马按喇叭...
宝马引擎开启...
宝马按喇叭...
所有代码如下：
1 package Jianzaozhe; 2 3 import java.util.ArrayList; 4 import java.util.List; 5 6 /*public class Client { 7 public static void main(String[] args) { 8 BenzModel benzModel = new BenzModel(); 9 List<String>sequence = new ArrayList<>(); 10 sequence.add("engine boom"); 11 sequence.add("start"); 12 sequence.add("stop"); 13 benzModel.setSequence(sequence); 14 benzModel.run(); 15 } 16 }*/ 17 18 /*public class Client{ 19 public static void main(String[] args) { 20 List<String>sequence = new ArrayList<>(); 21 sequence.add("engine boom"); 22 sequence.add("start"); 23 sequence.add("stop"); 24 25 BenzBuilder benzBuilder = new BenzBuilder(); 26 benzBuilder.setSequence(sequence); 27 BenzModel benzModel = (BenzModel)benzBuilder.getCarModel(); 28 benzModel.run(); 29 30 BMWBuilder bmwBuilder = new BMWBuilder(); 31 bmwBuilder.setSequence(sequence); 32 BMWModel bmwModel = (BMWModel)bmwBuilder.getCarModel(); 33 bmwModel.run(); 34 } 35 }*/ 36 37 public class Client{ 38 public static void main(String[] args) { 39 Director director = new Director(); 40 for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) { 41 director.getABenzModel().run(); 42 } 43 for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) { 44 director.getBBenzModel().run(); 45 } 46 for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) { 47 director.getABmwModel().run(); 48 } 49 for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) { 50 director.getBBmwModel().run(); 51 } 52 } 53 } 54 55 abstract class CarModel { 56 private List<String> sequence = new ArrayList<>(); 57 58 protected abstract void start(); 59 60 protected abstract void stop(); 61 62 protected abstract void alarm(); 63 64 protected abstract void engineBoom(); 65 66 final public void run() { 67 for (int i = 0; i < this.sequence.size(); i++) { 68 String actionName = this.sequence.get(i); 69 if (actionName.equalsIgnoreCase("start")) { 70 this.start(); // 开启汽车 71 } else if (actionName.equalsIgnoreCase("stop")) { 72 this.stop(); // 停止汽车 73 } else if (actionName.equalsIgnoreCase("alarm")) { 74 this.alarm(); // 喇叭开始叫了 75 } else if (actionName.equalsIgnoreCase("engine boom")) { // 如果是engine 76 // boom关键字 77 this.engineBoom(); // 引擎开始轰鸣 78 } 79 } 80 } 81 82 public List<String> getSequence() { 83 return sequence; 84 } 85 86 public void setSequence(List<String> sequence) { 87 this.sequence = sequence; 88 } 89 90 } 91 92 class BenzModel extends CarModel { 93 94 @Override 95 protected void start() { 96 // TODO Auto-generated method stub 97 System.out.println("奔驰开始了..."); 98 } 99 100 @Override101 protected void stop() {102 // TODO Auto-generated method stub103 System.out.println("奔驰停止了...");104 }105 106 @Override107 protected void alarm() {108 // TODO Auto-generated method stub109 System.out.println("奔驰按喇叭...");110 }111 112 @Override113 protected void engineBoom() {114 // TODO Auto-generated method stub115 System.out.println("奔驰引擎开启...");116 }117 118 }119 120 class BMWModel extends CarModel {121 @Override122 protected void start() {123 // TODO Auto-generated method stub124 System.out.println("宝马开始了...");125 }126 127 @Override128 protected void stop() {129 // TODO Auto-generated method stub130 System.out.println("宝马停止了...");131 }132 133 @Override134 protected void alarm() {135 // TODO Auto-generated method stub136 System.out.println("宝马按喇叭...");137 }138 139 @Override140 protected void engineBoom() {141 // TODO Auto-generated method stub142 System.out.println("宝马引擎开启...");143 }144 }145 146 abstract class CarBuilder{147 public abstract void setSequence(List<String> sequence);148 public abstract CarModel getCarModel();149 }150 151 class BenzBuilder extends CarBuilder{152 153 private BenzModel benzModel = new BenzModel();154 @Override155 public void setSequence(List<String> sequence) {156 // TODO Auto-generated method stub157 this.benzModel.setSequence(sequence);158 }159 160 @Override161 public CarModel getCarModel() {162 // TODO Auto-generated method stub163 return this.benzModel;164 }165 166 }167 168 class BMWBuilder extends CarBuilder{169 private BMWModel bmwModel = new BMWModel();170 171 @Override172 public void setSequence(List<String> sequence) {173 // TODO Auto-generated method stub174 this.bmwModel.setSequence(sequence);175 }176 177 @Override178 public CarModel getCarModel() {179 // TODO Auto-generated method stub180 return this.bmwModel;181 }182 183 }184 185 class Director{186 private List<String>sequence = new ArrayList<>();187 private BenzBuilder benzBuilder = new BenzBuilder();188 private BMWBuilder bmwBuilder = new BMWBuilder();189 190 public BenzModel getABenzModel(){191 this.sequence.clear();192 this.sequence.add("start");193 this.sequence.add("stop");194 this.benzBuilder.setSequence(sequence);195 return (BenzModel)this.benzBuilder.getCarModel();196 }197 198 public BenzModel getBBenzModel(){199 this.sequence.clear();200 this.sequence.add("engine boom");201 this.sequence.add("alarm");202 this.benzBuilder.setSequence(sequence);203 return (BenzModel)this.benzBuilder.getCarModel();204 }205 206 public BMWModel getABmwModel(){207 this.sequence.clear();208 this.sequence.add("start");209 this.sequence.add("stop");210 this.bmwBuilder.setSequence(sequence);211 return (BMWModel)this.bmwBuilder.getCarModel();212 }213 214 public BMWModel getBBmwModel(){215 this.sequence.clear();216 this.sequence.add("engine boom");217 this.sequence.add("alarm");218 this.benzBuilder.setSequence(sequence);219 return (BMWModel)this.bmwBuilder.getCarModel();220 }221 }
设计模式之——建造者模式
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