dict_1 = {‘name‘:‘zhangsan‘, ‘age‘:22}

# 方法2
dict4 = dict(name=‘zhangsan‘,age=22)
print(dict4)

# 方法3
dict5 = dict(((‘name‘,‘zhangsan‘),(‘age‘,22)))
print(dict5)

# 方法4
dict6 = dict({‘name‘:‘zhangsan‘,‘age‘:22})
print(dict6)

# 增
dict_1 = {‘name‘:‘zhangsan‘, ‘age‘:22}
print(dict_1)
dict_1[‘Sex‘] = ‘male‘
print(dict_1)

# 删除
dict_1 = {‘name‘:‘zhangsan‘, ‘age‘:22}
# 删除方法1
del dict_1[‘name‘]
print(dict_1)
结果：
{‘age‘: 22}

# 删除方法2：
dict_1.pop(‘name‘)
print(dict_1)
结果：
{‘age‘: 22}

# 删除方法3
dict_1.popitem()   # 属于随机删除
print(dict_1)
结果：
{‘age‘: 22}

# 改
dict_1 = {‘name‘:‘zhangsan‘, ‘age‘:22}
dict_1[‘name‘] = ‘lisi‘
print(dict_1)

结果：
{‘age‘: 22, ‘name‘: ‘lisi‘}

# 查
dict_1 = {‘name‘:‘zhangsan‘, ‘age‘:22}
print(dict_1)
print(dict_1[‘name‘])             #此种方法，如果key不存在，将会报错，而get方法不存在不会报错
print(dict_1.get(‘name‘))
结果：
{‘age‘: 22, ‘name‘: ‘zhangsan‘}
zhangsan
zhangsan

dict_1 = {‘name‘:‘zhangsan‘, ‘age‘:22}
# 方法1
for k in dict_1:
    print(k,dict_1[k])
# 方法2
for k, v in dict_1.items():
    print(k, v)

# keys方法
dict_1 = {‘name‘:‘zhangsan‘, ‘age‘:22}
print(dict_1.keys())

# 遍历keys方法
for i in dict_1.keys():
    print(i)
# vaules方法
print(dict_1.values())
for i in dict_1.values():
    print(i)

# uptate方法
dict2 = {‘key‘:1, ‘key2‘:2}
dict_1.update(dict2)
print(dict_1)

# item方法
dict_1.items()
print(dict_1)

# formkeys方法,快速生成一个字典
dict3 = dict.fromkeys([1, 2, 3], ‘keys‘)
print(dict3)

# setdefault方法
# 如果键在字典中，返回这个键所对应的值。如果键不在字典中，向字典 中插入这个键，并且以default为这个键的值，并返回 default。default的默认值为None
dict_1.setdefault("sex", "male")
print(dict_1)

menu = {
    ‘北京‘: {
        ‘海淀‘: {
            ‘五道口‘: {
                ‘soho‘: {},
                ‘网易‘: {},
                ‘google‘: {}
            },
            ‘中关村‘: {
                ‘爱奇艺‘: {},
                ‘汽车之家‘: {},
                ‘youku‘: {},
            },
            ‘上地‘: {
                ‘百度‘: {},
            },
        },
        ‘昌平‘: {
            ‘沙河‘: {
                ‘老男孩‘: {},
                ‘北航‘: {},
            },
            ‘天通苑‘: {},
            ‘回龙观‘: {},
        },
        ‘朝阳‘: {},
        ‘东城‘: {},
    },
    ‘上海‘: {
        ‘闵行‘: {
            "人民广场": {
                ‘炸鸡店‘: {}
            }
        },
        ‘闸北‘: {
            ‘火车战‘: {
                ‘携程‘: {}
            }
        },
        ‘浦东‘: {},
    },
    ‘山东‘: {},
}

run_level = menu
last_level = []
while True:
    for key in run_level:
        print(key)
    chose = input(">>").strip()
    if len(chose) == 0:
        continue
    elif chose == ‘b‘:
        if len(chose) == 0:
            break
        run_level = last_level[-1]
        last_level.pop()
    elif chose == ‘q‘:
        break
    elif chose not in run_level:
        continue
    last_level.append(run_level)
    run_level = run_level[chose]

set = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
print(set)
print(type(set))
结果：
{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
<class ‘set‘>

set = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
print(set)
print(type(set))
结果：
{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
<class ‘set‘>

set1 = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
set2 = {2, 3}

# 交集
print(set1 & set2)
# 结果：
{2, 3}

# 并集
print(set1 | set2)
# 结果：
{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}

# 差级
print(set1 - set2)
# 结果：
{1, 4, 5}

# 父级
print(set1 >= set2)
# 结果：
True

# 子集
print(set2 <= set1)
# 结果：
True

# 对称差级
print(set1 ^ set2)
# 结果：
{1, 4, 5}

# 删除
set1.pop()  #随机删除
print(set1)
# 结果：
{2, 3, 4, 5}
set1.remove(5)
print(set1)
# 结果：
{2, 3, 4}
set1.discard(6)
print(set1)
# pop()方法随机删除
# remove（）参数，如果删除的值不存在，报错，必须指定一个参数
# discard（）,如果删除的值不存在，不会报错，删除事没有返回值

# 判定集合中是否有指定的值
if ‘a‘ in set1:
    print("存在")
else:
    print("不存在")
#结果：
不存在

# 增加

set1.add("hello")
print(set1)
# 结果:
{2, 3, 4, ‘hello‘}
set1.update(‘abc‘)
print(set1)
# 结果：
{2, 3, 4, ‘hello‘, ‘c‘, ‘b‘, ‘a‘}

Somehow, it seems the love I knew was always the most destructive kind
不知为何，我经历的爱情总是最具毁灭性的的那种
Yesterday when I was young
昨日当我年少轻狂
The taste of life was sweet
生命的滋味是甜的
As rain upon my tongue
就如舌尖上的雨露
I teased at life as if it were a foolish game
我戏弄生命 视其为愚蠢的游戏
The way the evening breeze
就如夜晚的微风
May tease the candle flame
逗弄蜡烛的火苗
The thousand dreams I dreamed
我曾千万次梦见
The splendid things I planned
那些我计划的绚丽蓝图
I always built to last on weak and shifting sand
但我总是将之建筑在易逝的流沙上
I lived by night and shunned the naked light of day
我夜夜笙歌 逃避白昼赤裸的阳光
And only now I see how the time ran away
事到如今我才看清岁月是如何匆匆流逝
Yesterday when I was young
昨日当我年少轻狂
So many lovely songs were waiting to be sung
有那么多甜美的曲儿等我歌唱
So many wild pleasures lay in store for me
有那么多肆意的快乐等我享受
And so much pain my eyes refused to see
还有那么多痛苦 我的双眼却视而不见
I ran so fast that time and youth at last ran out
我飞快地奔走 最终时光与青春消逝殆尽
I never stopped to think what life was all about
我从未停下脚步去思考生命的意义
And every conversation that I can now recall
如今回想起的所有对话
Concerned itself with me and nothing else at all
除了和我相关的 什么都记不得了
The game of love I played with arrogance and pride
我用自负和傲慢玩着爱情的游戏
And every flame I lit too quickly, quickly died
所有我点燃的火焰都熄灭得太快
The friends I made all somehow seemed to slip away
所有我交的朋友似乎都不知不觉地离开了
And only now I‘m left alone to end the play, yeah
只剩我一个人在台上来结束这场闹剧
Oh, yesterday when I was young
噢 昨日当我年少轻狂
So many, many songs were waiting to be sung
有那么那么多甜美的曲儿等我歌唱
So many wild pleasures lay in store for me
有那么多肆意的快乐等我享受
And so much pain my eyes refused to see
还有那么多痛苦 我的双眼却视而不见
There are so many songs in me that won‘t be sung
我有太多歌曲永远不会被唱起
I feel the bitter taste of tears upon my tongue
我尝到了舌尖泪水的苦涩滋味
The time has come for me to pay for yesterday
终于到了付出代价的时间 为了昨日
When I was young
当我年少轻狂

# open带个文件的方法，encoding指定打开文件的方法
f = open(‘test1‘, ‘r‘, encoding=‘utf-8‘) 
# readline方法，按行读取
first_line = f.readline()
print(first_line)
# 关闭文件
f.close()

# 文件读取前5行
f = open(‘test1‘, ‘r‘, encoding=‘utf-8‘)
count = 0
for line in f:
    if count < 5:
        print(f.readline())
    count += 1


# readlines方法，一次读取所有的文件，并按行转换为列表形式    
f = open(‘test1‘, ‘r‘, encoding=‘utf-8‘)
line = f.readlines()
print(line)
f.closed

# closed方法，判定文件是否关闭，关闭结果为真，反之为假
f = open(‘test1‘, ‘r‘, encoding=‘utf-8‘)
line = f.readlines()
print(line)
print(f.closed)


# read方法，一次读取整个文件，但是文件过大，并不能一次读取完不
f = open(‘test1‘, ‘r‘, encoding=‘utf-8‘)
line = f.read()
print(line)
f.close()

#
f = open(‘test‘, ‘w‘, encoding=‘utf-8‘)
f.write(‘aaa‘)
f.flush()

# name方法，显示文件名
print(f.name)
结果:
test

# tell()方法,显示文件指针的位置，即文件读取到哪里的位置
f = open(‘test1‘, ‘r+‘, encoding=‘utf-8‘)
line = f.readline()
print(line)
print(f.tell())

# truncate([size]) 保留文件从开始到指定的字符数，其他的都删除
f = open(‘test1‘, ‘r+‘, encoding=‘utf-8‘)
f.truncate(20)

# readable,判定文件是否可读
print(f.readable())

# writable,判定文件是否可写
print(f.writable()