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LeetCode:: Unique Binary Search Trees[详细分析]

Unique Binary Search Trees

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Given n, how many structurally unique BST‘s (binary search trees) that store values 1...n?

For example,
Given n = 3, there are a total of 5 unique BST‘s.

   1         3     3      2      1
    \       /     /      / \           3     2     1      1   3      2
    /     /       \                    2     1         2                 3

设S(n)为n个节点的unique BST个数,有这样的递推公式:S(n) = sigma(S(i) * s(n - 1 - i))(i from 0 to n - 1);当然n = 0时,没有节点也是一种情况,S(0) = 1;在这个递归式里面,我们可以看到重叠子问题,考虑用DP解法,做一个向量,自底向上来簿记S(n);没什么需要注意点,非常基本的利用簿记的思路。以下是代码:
class Solution {
public:
    int numTrees(int n) {
       int sum;
       vector<int> a(n + 1);
       a[0] = 1;
       for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++){
           a[i] = 0;
           sum = 0;
           for (int j = 0; j < i; j++){
               sum += a[j] * a[i - 1 - j];
           }
           a[i] = sum;
       }
       return a[n];
    }
};

这里, a[0]一定要先初始化,不然会有问题。