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HighCharts使用心得

2024-07-07 14:53:19   225人阅读

HighCharts使用心得

前言：

之前很早的一个项目中使用过highcharts，感觉挺方便的，图表类型也比较丰富，而且还支持数据的下钻，但是如果投入商业使用的话还会有一些版权的问题，所以后来就使用了EChart，这是百度开发的一个开源的图表插件，图表类型也很丰富，而且还有交互，对地图的支持也很好，可以免费的使用。在之前的一篇文章里，已经总结过了，今天主要跟大家分享一下，之前总结的Highcharts的一些使用心得，希望能够对大家有所帮助。

1.  准备工作------下载HighCharts插件

跟ECharts一样，HighCharts也需要下载相应的插件，不过HightCharts的插件很简单，只有一个highcharts.js文件。可以从HighCharts官网上下载，具体地址如下：http://www.highcharts.com/download

另注：

如果需要导出图表，则需要exporting.js文件

如果需要一些特殊的图形呈现，则还需要下载highcharts-more.js

2.  新建一个解决方案或网站，引用下载的highcharts.js文件，进行图表展示。

在这个过程中，我会逐步的跟大家讲解如何使用highcharts.js进行图表展示。

2.1 新建解决方案（或网站），目录结构如下

 

另注：

一般情况下如果不需要导出图片、且只使用常规的图形，exportting.js和highchart-more.js可以不要，只留一个highcharts.js文件即可。

其中的HighCharts.js文件为我自己总结的使用帮助文件，主要用来配置图表类型、图表数据的处理、格式化等操作，下边会进一步讲解。

             此外需要注意的是这里引用的Jquery文件版本为最近版本，VS里边默认的为1.4.1的版本太低，最新的highcharts需要高版本的jQuery文件。

2.2 HighChart.js文件介绍

在2.1中对此文件有一个初步的介绍，这一小节里专门来介绍这个文件。该文件的主要功能是用来配置各种图表类型的配置项，同时对用户提供的参数进行格式化、图表的呈现等功能。

文件的目录结构如下：

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var HighChart = {
 
    ChartDataFormate: {//数据格式化
 
        FormateNOGroupData: function (data) {//处理不分组的数据
 
            var categories = [];
 
            var datas = [];
 
            for (var i = 0; i < data.length; i++) {
 
                categories.push(data[i].name || "");
 
                datas.push([data[i].name, data[i].value || 0]);
 
            }
 
            return { category: categories, data: datas };
 
        }，…………
 
       },
 
    ChartOptionTemplates: {//图表配置项
 
        Pie: function (data, name, title) {
 
            var pie_datas = HighChart.ChartDataFormate.FormateNOGroupData(data);
 
            var option = {
 
                chart: {
 
                    plotBackgroundColor: null,
 
                    plotBorderWidth: null,
 
                    plotShadow: false
 
                },
 
               …….
 
            };
 
            return option;
 
        },
 
    RenderChart: function (option, container) {//页面渲染
 
        container.highcharts(option);
 
    }

　　

完整代码：

+ View Code?
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//document.write("<script language=‘javascript‘ src=http://www.mamicode.com/‘/Scripts/jquery-1.11.0.min.js‘></script>");//引入Jquery(1.8.0以上版本)
//document.write("<script language=‘javascript‘ src=http://www.mamicode.com/‘/Statics/highcharts.js‘></script>"); //引入hightcharts引擎
//document.write("<script language=‘javascript‘ src=http://www.mamicode.com/‘/Statics/exporting.js‘></script>"); //引入导出图片js
 
//判断数组中是否包含某个元素
Array.prototype.contains = function (obj) {
    var i = this.length;
    while (i--) {
        if (this[i] === obj) {
            return true;
        }
    }
    return false;
}
 
var HighChart = {
    ChartDataFormate: {
        FormateNOGroupData: function (data) {
            var categories = [];
            var datas = [];
            for (var i = 0; i < data.length; i++) {
                categories.push(data[i].name || "");
                datas.push([data[i].name, data[i].value || 0]);
            }
            return { category: categories, data: datas };
        },
        FormatGroupData: function (data) {//处理分组数据，数据格式：name：XXX，group：XXX，value：XXX用于折线图、柱形图（分组，堆积）
            var names = new Array();
            var groups = new Array();
            var series = new Array();
            for (var i = 0; i < data.length; i++) {
                if (!names.contains(data[i].name))
                    names.push(data[i].name);
                if (!groups.contains(data[i].group))
                    groups.push(data[i].group);
            }
            for (var i = 0; i < groups.length; i++) {
                var temp_series = {};
                var temp_data = http://www.mamicode.com/new Array();
                for (var j = 0; j < data.length; j++) {
                    for (var k = 0; k < names.length; k++)
                        if (groups[i] == data[j].group && data[j].name == names[k])
                            temp_data.push(data[j].value);
                }
                temp_series = { name: groups[i], data: temp_data };
                series.push(temp_series);
            }
            return { category: names, series: series };
        },
        FormatBarLineData: function (data, name, name1) {//数据类型：name：XXX，value：XXX，处理结果主要用来展示X轴为日期的具有增幅的趋势的图
            var category = [];
            var series = [];
            var s1 = [];
            var s2 = [];
            for (var i = 1; i < data.length; i++) {
                if (!category.contains(data[i].name))
                    category.push(data[i].name);
                s1.push(data[i].value);
                var growth = 0;
                if (data[i].value != data[i - 1].value)
                    if (data[i - 1].value != 0)
                        growth = Math.round((data[i].value / data[i - 1].value - 1) * 100);
                    else
                        growth = 100;
                s2.push(growth);
            }
            series.push({ name: name, color: ‘#4572A7‘, type: ‘column‘, yAxis: 1, data: s1, tooltip: { valueStuffix: ‘‘} });
            series.push({ name: name1, color: ‘#89A54E‘, type: ‘spline‘, yAxis: 1, data: s2, tooltip: { valueStuffix: ‘%‘} });
            return { series: series };
        }
    },
    ChartOptionTemplates: {
        Pie: function (data, name, title) {
            var pie_datas = HighChart.ChartDataFormate.FormateNOGroupData(data);
            var option = {
                chart: {
                    plotBackgroundColor: null,
                    plotBorderWidth: null,
                    plotShadow: false
                },
                title: {
                    text: title || ‘‘
                },
                tooltip: {
                    pointFormat: ‘{series.name}: <b>{point.percentage:.1f}%</b>‘
                },
                plotOptions: {
                    pie: {
                        allowPointSelect: true,
                        cursor: ‘pointer‘,
                        dataLabels: {
                            enabled: false
                        },
                        showInLegend: true
                    }
                },
                series: [{
                    type: ‘pie‘,
                    name: name || ‘‘,
                    data: pie_datas.data
                }]
            };
            return option;
        },
        DrillDownPie: function (data, name, title) {
            var drilldownpie_datas;
            var option = {
                chart: {
                    type: ‘pie‘
                },
                title: {
                    text: title || ‘‘
                },
                subtitle: {
                    text: ‘请点击饼图项看详细占比‘
                },
                plotOptions: {
                    series: {
                        dataLabels: {
                            enabled: true,
                            format: ‘{point.name}: {point.y:.1f}%‘
                        }
                    }
                },
                tooltip: {
                    headerFormat: ‘<span style="font-size:11px">{series.name}</span><br>‘,
                    pointFormat: ‘<span style="color:{point.color}">{point.name}</span>: <b>{point.y:.2f}%</b> of total<br/>‘
                },
                series: [{
                    name: name || ‘‘,
                    colorByPoint: true,
                    data: drilldownpie_datas.fir_data
                }],
                drilldown: {
                    series: drilldownpie_datas.series
                }
            };
            return option;
        },
        Line: function (data, name, title) {
            var line_datas = HighChart.ChartDataFormate.FormatGroupData(data);
            var option = {
                title: {
                    text: title || ‘‘,
                    x: -20
                },
                subtitle: {
                    text: ‘‘,
                    x: -20
                },
                xAxis: {
                    categories: line_datas.category
                },
                yAxis: {
                    title: {
                        text: name || ‘‘
                    },
                    plotLines: [{
                        value: 0,
                        width: 1,
                        color: ‘#808080‘
                    }]
                },
                tooltip: {
                    valueSuffix: ‘‘
                },
                legend: {
                    layout: ‘horizontal‘,
                    align: ‘center‘,
                    verticalAlign: ‘bottom‘
                },
                series: line_datas.series
            };
            return option;
        },
        Bars: function (data, is_stack, is_stack_percent, name, title) {
            var bars_datas = HighChart.ChartDataFormate.FormatGroupData(data);
            var option = {
                chart: {
                    type: ‘column‘
                },
                title: {
                    text: title || ‘‘
                },
                subtitle: {
                    text: ‘‘
                },
                credits: {
                    enabled: false
                },
                xAxis: {
                    categories: bars_datas.category
                },
                yAxis: {
                    //min: 0,
                    title: {
                        text: name
                    }
                },
                tooltip: {
                    headerFormat: ‘<span style="font-size:10px">{point.key}</span><table>‘,
                    pointFormat: ‘<tr><td style="color:{series.color};padding:0">{series.name};</td>‘ +
                        ‘<td style="padding:0"><b>{point.y:.1f}</b></td></tr>‘,
                    footerFormat: ‘</table>‘,
                    shared: true,
                    useHTML: true
                },
                plotOptions: {
                    column: {
                        pointPadding: 0.2,
                        borderWidth: 0
                    }
                },
                series: bars_datas.series
            };
            var stack_option = {};
            if (is_stack && !is_stack_percent) {
                stack_option = {
                    tooltip: {
                        formatter: function () {
                            return ‘<b>‘ + this.x + ‘</b><br/>‘ +
                        this.series.name + ‘: ‘ + this.y + ‘<br/>‘ +
                        ‘Total: ‘ + this.point.stackTotal;
                        }
                    },
                    plotOptions: {
                        column: {
                            stacking: ‘normal‘,
                            dataLabels: {
                                enabled: true,
                                color: (Highcharts.theme && Highcharts.theme.dataLabelsColor) || ‘white‘
                            }
                        }
                    }
                };
            }
            if (!is_stack && is_stack_percent) {
                stack_option = {
                    tooltip: {
                        pointFormat: ‘<span style="color:{series.color}">{series.name}</span>: <b>{point.y}</b> ({point.percentage:.0f}%)<br/>‘,
                        shared: true
                    },
                    plotOptions: {
                        column: {
                            stacking: ‘percent‘
                        }
                    }
                };
            }
            return $.extend({}, option, stack_option);
        },
        Pyramid: function (data, name, title) {
            var pyramid_datas = HighChart.ChartDataFormate.FormateNOGroupData(data);
            var option = {
                chart: {
                    type: ‘pyramid‘,
                    marginRight: 100
                },
                title: {
                    text: title || ‘‘,
                    x: -50
                },
                plotOptions: {
                    series: {
                        dataLabels: {
                            enabled: true,
                            format: ‘<b>{point.name}</b> ({point.y:,.0f})‘,
                            color: ‘black‘,
                            softConnector: true
                        }
                    }
                },
                legend: {
                    enabled: false
                },
                series: [{
                    name: name || ‘‘,
                    data: pyramid_datas.data
                }]
            };
            return option;
        },
        BarLine: function (data, name, name1, title) {
            var barline_datas = HighChart.ChartDataFormate.FormatBarLineData(data);
            var option = {
                chart: {
                    zoomType: ‘xy‘
                },
                title: {
                    text: title || ‘‘
                },
                subtitle: {
                    text: ‘‘
                },
                xAxis: [{
                    categories: barline_datas.category
                }],
                yAxis: [{ // Primary yAxis
                    labels: {
                        format: ‘{value}‘,
                        style: {
                            color: ‘#89A54E‘
                        }
                    },
                    title: {
                        text: name || ‘‘,
                        style: {
                            color: ‘#89A54E‘
                        }
                    }
                }, { // Secondary yAxis
                    title: {
                        text: name1 || ‘‘,
                        style: {
                            color: ‘#4572A7‘
                        }
                    },
                    labels: {
                        format: ‘{value}‘,
                        style: {
                            color: ‘#4572A7‘
                        }
                    },
                    opposite: true
                }],
                tooltip: {
                    shared: true
                },
                legend: {
                    layout: ‘horizontal‘,
                    align: ‘center‘,
                    verticalAlign: ‘bottom‘
                },
                series: [{
                    name: ‘Rainfall‘,
                    color: ‘#4572A7‘,
                    type: ‘column‘,
                    yAxis: 1,
                    data: [49.9, 71.5, 106.4, 129.2, 144.0, 176.0, 135.6, 148.5, 216.4, 194.1, 95.6, 54.4],
                    tooltip: {
                        valueSuffix: ‘ mm‘
                    }
 
                }, {
                    name: ‘Temperature‘,
                    color: ‘#89A54E‘,
                    type: ‘spline‘,
                    data: [7.0, 6.9, 9.5, 14.5, 18.2, 21.5, 25.2, 26.5, 23.3, 18.3, 13.9, 9.6],
                    tooltip: {
                        valueSuffix: ‘°C‘
                    }
                }]
 
 
 
 
            };
        }
    },
    RenderChart: function (option, container) {
        container.highcharts(option);
    }
};

　　

2.3 具体的页面展示

2.3.1 饼图

l  页面引用

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<script src=http://www.mamicode.com/"../Scripts/jquery-1.11.0.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
 
<script src=http://www.mamicode.com/"../Statics/highcharts.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
 
<script src=http://www.mamicode.com/"../Statics/exporting.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
 
<script src=http://www.mamicode.com/"../Statics/HighChart.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
 
<script type="text/javascript">
 
    $(function () {
 
        var data = http://www.mamicode.com/[{ name: ‘olive‘, value: 116 }, { name: ‘momo‘, value: 115 }, { name: ‘only‘, value: 222 }, { name: ‘for‘, value: 324}];
 
        var opt = HighChart.ChartOptionTemplates.Pie(data,‘Love-Rate‘,"饼图示例");
 
        var container = $("#container");
 
        HighChart.RenderChart(opt, container);
 
    });
 
</script>

　　

l  效果展示

 

2.3.2 折线图

l  页面引用

 

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<script src=http://www.mamicode.com/"../Scripts/jquery-1.11.0.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
 
    <script src=http://www.mamicode.com/"../Statics/highcharts.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
 
    <script src=http://www.mamicode.com/"../Statics/exporting.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
 
    <script src=http://www.mamicode.com/"../Statics/HighChart.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
 
    <script type="text/javascript">
 
        $(function () {
 
            var data = http://www.mamicode.com/[
 
            { name: ‘2013-01‘, group: ‘olive‘, value: 116 },
 
            { name: ‘2013-01‘, group: ‘momo‘, value: 115 },
 
            { name: ‘2013-01‘, group: ‘only‘, value: 222 },
 
            { name: ‘2013-01‘, group: ‘for‘, value: 324 },
 
            { name: ‘2013-02‘, group: ‘olive‘, value: 156 },
 
            { name: ‘2013-02‘, group: ‘momo‘, value: 185 },
 
            { name: ‘2013-02‘, group: ‘only‘, value: 202 },
 
            { name: ‘2013-02‘, group: ‘for‘, value: 34 },
 
            { name: ‘2013-03‘, group: ‘olive‘, value: 16 },
 
            { name: ‘2013-03‘, group: ‘momo‘, value: 51 },
 
            { name: ‘2013-03‘, group: ‘only‘, value: 22 },
 
            { name: ‘2013-03‘, group: ‘for‘, value: 84 }
 
            ];
 
            var opt = HighChart.ChartOptionTemplates.Line(data, ‘Love-Rate‘, "折线图示例");
 
            var container = $("#container");
 
            HighChart.RenderChart(opt, container);
 
        });
 
    </script>

　　

l  效果展示

 

2.3.3 柱形图

l  页面引用

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<script src=http://www.mamicode.com/"../Scripts/jquery-1.11.0.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
 
    <script src=http://www.mamicode.com/"../Statics/highcharts.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
 
    <script src=http://www.mamicode.com/"../Statics/exporting.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
 
    <script src=http://www.mamicode.com/"../Statics/HighChart.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
 
    <script type="text/javascript">
 
        $(function () {
 
            var data = http://www.mamicode.com/[
            { name: ‘2013-01‘, group: ‘olive‘, value: 116 },
            { name: ‘2013-01‘, group: ‘momo‘, value: 115 },
            { name: ‘2013-01‘, group: ‘only‘, value: 222 },
            { name: ‘2013-01‘, group: ‘for‘, value: 324 },
            { name: ‘2013-02‘, group: ‘olive‘, value: 156 },
            { name: ‘2013-02‘, group: ‘momo‘, value: 185 },
            { name: ‘2013-02‘, group: ‘only‘, value: 202 },
            { name: ‘2013-02‘, group: ‘for‘, value: 34 },
            { name: ‘2013-03‘, group: ‘olive‘, value: 16 },
            { name: ‘2013-03‘, group: ‘momo‘, value: 51 },
            { name: ‘2013-03‘, group: ‘only‘, value: 22 },
            { name: ‘2013-03‘, group: ‘for‘, value: 84 }
            ];
            var opt = HighChart.ChartOptionTemplates.Bars(data, ‘‘,‘‘,‘Love-Rate‘, "分组柱形图示例");
            var container = $("#container");
            HighChart.RenderChart(opt, container);
            var opt1 = HighChart.ChartOptionTemplates.Bars(data, true,‘‘,‘Love-Rate‘, "堆积柱形图示例");
            var container1 = $("#container1");
            HighChart.RenderChart(opt1, container1);
            var opt2 = HighChart.ChartOptionTemplates.Bars(data, ‘‘,true ,‘Love-Rate‘, "堆积百分比柱形图示例");
            var container2 = $("#container2");
            HighChart.RenderChart(opt2, container2);
        });
    </script>

　　

 

l  展示效果

分组柱形图

 

堆积图

 

堆积百分比图

 

后记：

      这里只是列出了常用的一些图表类型，如果有特殊需要的话还可以进行自主的去抽象扩展。后续有时间的话，我也会对新的图表类型进行扩展，还有，关于HighChart里边的数据下钻的功能，这里也没有列出来，个人觉得这种图表的交互，抽象出来意义不是很大，后续再看看吧，有时间的话就再试着弄弄。

 


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