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Struts 2
Struts 2是一个MVC框架,以WebWork框架的设计思想为核心,吸收了Struts 1的部分优点.Struts 2拥有更加广阔的前景,自身功能强大,还对其他框架下开发的程序提供很好的兼容性。下面我们了解一下syruts2的应用
1.1引入架包
1.2创建loginAction类
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 | package cn.happy.action; import java.util.Map; import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession; import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext; import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.SessionAware; import com.opensymphony.xwork2.Action; import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext; public class LoginAction implements Action,SessionAware{ private Map<String,Object> map; private String username; private String password; <br> //自动装配 <strong> public String execute() throws Exception { if (username.equals( "1" )&&password.equals( "1" )){ //解耦方式 (对Servlet Api进行封装 借助ActionContext) Map<String,Object> session=ActionContext.getContext().getSession(); session.put( "uname" , username); //耦合方式 // HttpSession session2 = ServletActionContext.getRequest().getSession(); // session2.setAttribute("uname",getUsername()); return SUCCESS; } else { return ERROR; } }</strong> public String getUsername() { return username; } public void setUsername(String username) { this .username = username; } public String getPassword() { return password; } public void setPassword(String password) { this .password = password; } public void setSession(Map<String, Object> map) { this .map=map; } } |
1.3创建struts.xml文件
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 | ‘<?xml version= "1.0" encoding= "UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd" > <struts> <!-- 修改文件 tomact不用重启 --> <constant name= "struts.devMode" value=http://www.mamicode.com/ "true" /> < package name= "default" namespace= "/" extends = "struts-default" > <!-- login action --> <strong><action name= "LoginAction" class = "cn.happy.action.LoginAction" > <result name= "success" >login/success.jsp</result> <result name= "login" >login/login.jsp</result> <result name= "error" >login/error.jsp</result> </action></strong> <!-- 第一个action --> <action name= "HelloWordAction" class = "cn.happy.action.HelloWordAction" > <result name= "success" >index.jsp</result> </action> </ package > </struts> |
1.4配置web.xml文件
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 | <?xml version= "1.0" encoding= "UTF-8" ?> <web-app xmlns:xsi= "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns= "http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web= "http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation= "http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" version= "2.5" > <display-name></display-name> <strong><filter> <filter-name>struts2</filter-name> <filter- class >org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter- class > </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>struts2</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping></strong> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>login/login.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> </web-app> |
1.5编写JSP页面
1.6在这里就展示一下登录页面与登录失败页面
login.jsp
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 | <%@ page language= "java" import = "java.util.*" pageEncoding= "utf-8" %> <% String path = request.getContextPath(); String basePath = request.getScheme()+ "://" +request.getServerName()+ ":" +request.getServerPort()+path+ "/" ; %> <% @taglib uri= "/struts-tags" prefix= "s" %> <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" > <html> <head> <base href=http://www.mamicode.com/ "<%=basePath%>" > <title>登录页面</title> </head> <body> <s:form name= "form1" namespace= "/" method= "post" action= "LoginAction" > 请输入用户名: <s:textfield name= "username" ></s:textfield><br/> 请输入密码: <s:textfield name= "password" ></s:textfield> <s:reset value=http://www.mamicode.com/ "重填" ></s:reset> <s:submit value=http://www.mamicode.com/ "登陆" ></s:submit> </s:form> </body> </html> |
在jsp中用到了Struts2 标签
引入
1 | <span style= "color: #ff0000;" ><strong><% @taglib uri= "/struts-tags" prefix= "s" %></strong></span> |
通用标签(条件,迭代)
1.7 success.jsp
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 | <%@ page language= "java" import = "java.util.*" pageEncoding= "utf-8" %> <% String path = request.getContextPath(); String basePath = request.getScheme()+ "://" +request.getServerName()+ ":" +request.getServerPort()+path+ "/" ; %> <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" > <html> <head> <base href=http://www.mamicode.com/ "<%=basePath%>" > <title>My JSP ‘error.jsp‘ starting page</title> </head> <body> <h1>登录失败</h1> <h3>用户名或密码错误,请重新<a href=http://www.mamicode.com/ "login/login.jsp" >登录</a></h3> <script> var t= 10 ; //设定跳转的时间 setInterval( "refer()" , 1000 ); //启动1秒定时 function refer(){ if (t== 0 ){ location= "http://localhost:8080/Day-login2-struts2/login/login.jsp" ; //跳转的链接地址 } document.getElementById( ‘show‘ ).innerHTML= "" +t+ "秒后跳转到登录" ; // 显示倒计时 t--; // 计数器递减 } </script> <span id= "show" ></span> </body> </html> |
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1.8结果展现
1.9登录成功 用户名:1 密码:1
1.10 登录失败 10秒后会跳会登录
2.0拓展
当我们用到的属性多的时候都写在loginAction类中就会感觉到特别的凌乱,这个时候我们就可以创建一个类来管理这些属性(例:user)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 | package cn.happy.entity; public class User { private String name; private int age; public int getAge() { return age; } public void setAge( int age) { this .age = age; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this .name = name; } private String username; private String password; public String getUsername() { return username; } public String getPassword() { return password; } public void setUsername(String username) { this .username = username; } public void setPassword(String password) { this .password = password; } } |
这时候只在loginAction类中植入这个类就行了
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 | private User user; public User getUser() { return user; } public void setUser(User user) { this .user = user; } |
这样代码就会显得更加的清晰,岁然这样做会让我们的眼前一亮,事物都有两面性有利就有弊。我们用到的属性名前面都要加上管理它们类的名称(如:user.getUsername)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 | public class LoginAction implements Action,ModelDriven<User>{ @Override public String execute() throws Exception { if (user.getUsername().equals( "1" )&&(user.getPassword().equals( "1" ))){ return SUCCESS; } else { //失败回到登录 return LOGIN; } } private User user; public User getUser() { return user; } public void setUser(User user) { this .user = user; } @Override public User getModel() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub return user; } } |
在1.2中我们可以看到加粗字体的语句解耦与耦合的应用(在下一篇博客中会有详细解释 解耦与耦合的你我他)
1 2 3 4 5 | //解耦方式 Map<String,Object> session=ActionContext.getContext().getSession();<br> session.put( "uname" , username); //耦合方式 HttpSession session2 = ServletActionContext.getRequest().getSession(); session2.setAttribute( "uname" ,getUsername()); |
首先我们先要在登录成功页面配置一道(success.jsp)
1 2 3 4 | <body> 欢迎你!${uname} </body> |
实现效果 用户名为1
Struts 2
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