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巧用Hint

一般计算fibonacci的方法:

1 def fibonacci (n):2     if n == 0 or n == 1:3         return 14     else:5         return fibonacci(n-1) + fibonacci(n-2)

这样的 call graph for fibonacci with n=4:

技术分享

当计算 fibonacci(30)的时候还可以,当计算 fibonacci(50)的时候就很慢了。

好的方法是:用dict记录下来之前计算过的值。

A previously computed value that is stored for later use is called a hint.

好的方法是:

previous = {0:1, 1:1}def fibonacci(n):    if previous.has_key(n):        return previous[n]    else:        newValue = fibonacci(n-1) + fibonacci(n-2)        previous[n] = newValue        return newValue

这样就很快了。

 

类似的计算阶乘:

previous = {1:1,2:2}def n(i):    if previous.has_key(i):        return previous[i]    else:        newValue = i*n(i-1)        previous[i] = newValue        return previous[i]

---How to Think Like a Computer Scientist(Learning with Python)

巧用Hint