to 是一个有比较目标的东西
I go to school.
for 是比较关于到对象
This present for you.
The knife is use for cut.
by 是如何完成 原因之类
How to you go to school？
I go to school by bus.
How can you cut this bread？
I cut this bread by knife.
of 多数是指这东西属于谁还是属于什么东西
I am the son of my father.
This is the pricipal of our school.
at通常都用在地点

一些无处不在的介词语义