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Centos下MySql用户管理

2024-10-04 04:17:01   214人阅读

1.创建用户

CREATE USER ‘username‘@‘host‘ IDENTIFIED BY ‘password‘;

 

2.用户授权

GRANT privileges ON databasename.tablename TO ‘username‘@‘host‘;

说明: privileges - 用户的操作权限,如SELECT , INSERT , UPDATE 等(详细列表见该文最后面).如果要授予所的权限则使用ALL.;databasename - 数据库名,tablename-表名,如果要授予该用户对所有数据库和表的相应操作权限则可用*表示, 如*.*.

例子: 

GRANT SELECT, INSERT ON test.user TO ‘pig‘@‘%‘;
GRANT ALL ON *.* TO ‘pig‘@‘%‘;

注意:用以上命令授权的用户不能给其它用户授权,如果想让该用户可以授权,用以下命令: 

GRANT privileges ON databasename.tablename TO ‘username‘@‘host‘ WITH GRANT OPTION;

 

3.取消授权

REVOKE privilege ON databasename.tablename FROM ‘username‘@‘host‘;

说明: privilege, databasename, tablename - 同授权部分.

例子: 

REVOKE SELECT ON *.* FROM ‘pig‘@‘%‘;

注意: 假如你在给用户‘pig‘@‘%‘授权的时候是这样的(或类似的):GRANT SELECT ON test.user TO ‘pig‘@‘%‘, 则在使用REVOKE SELECT ON *.* FROM ‘pig‘@‘%‘;命令并不能撤销该用户对test数据库中user表的SELECT 操作.相反,如果授权使用的是GRANT SELECT ON *.* TO ‘pig‘@‘%‘;则REVOKE SELECT ON test.user FROM ‘pig‘@‘%‘;命令也不能撤销该用户对test数据库中user表的Select 权限.

具体信息可以用命令 SHOW GRANTS FOR ‘pig‘@‘%‘;  查看.

 

4.设置或修改密码

SET PASSWORD FOR ‘username‘@‘host‘ = PASSWORD(‘newpassword‘);

如果是当前登陆用户用 SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD("newpassword");

例子: 

SET PASSWORD FOR ‘pig‘@‘%‘ = PASSWORD("123456");

如果忘记root密码，操作如下：

1).linux切换到root用户

2).修改MySql的登陆设置，编辑my.cnf文件

　　 [root@promote /]# vi /etc/my.cnf 

　　在[mysqld]字段下加入一句： skip-grant-tables

　　保存退出。

3).重新启动mysqld

　　 [root@promote /]# service mysqld restart 

4).之后可以免密码进入MySql，然后use mysql

[root@promote /]# mysql
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.7.18 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.

mysql> use mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed

5).修改root用户密码

mysql> update mysql.user set authentication_string=password(‘root‘) where User=‘root‘ and Host=‘localhost‘;
Query OK, 1 row affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 1

6).退出MySql，编辑my.cnf，删除skip-grant-tables一行

7).可用root用户的新密码登进MySql

 

5.删除用户

DROP USER ‘username‘@‘host‘;

 

 

 

附表：在MySql中的操作权限

 

 ALTER Allows use of ALTER TABLE.
ALTER ROUTINE Alters or drops stored routines.
CREATE Allows use of CREATE TABLE.
CREATE ROUTINE Creates stored routines.
CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE Allows use of CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE.
CREATE USER Allows use of CREATE USER, DROP USER, RENAME USER, and REVOKE ALL PRIVILEGES.
CREATE VIEW Allows use of CREATE VIEW.
DELETE Allows use of DELETE.
DROP Allows use of DROP TABLE.
EXECUTE Allows the user to run stored routines.
FILE Allows use of SELECT... INTO OUTFILE and LOAD DATA INFILE.
INDEX Allows use of CREATE INDEX and DROP INDEX.
INSERT Allows use of INSERT.
LOCK TABLES Allows use of LOCK TABLES on tables for which the user also has SELECT privileges.
PROCESS Allows use of SHOW FULL PROCESSLIST.
RELOAD Allows use of FLUSH.
REPLICATION Allows the user to ask where slave or master
CLIENT servers are.
REPLICATION SLAVE Needed for replication slaves.
SELECT Allows use of SELECT.
SHOW DATABASES Allows use of SHOW DATABASES.
SHOW VIEW Allows use of SHOW CREATE VIEW.
SHUTDOWN Allows use of mysqladmin shutdown.
SUPER Allows use of CHANGE MASTER, KILL, PURGE MASTER LOGS, and SET GLOBAL SQL statements. Allows mysqladmin debug command. Allows one extra connection to be made if maximum connections are reached.
UPDATE Allows use of UPDATE.
USAGE Allows connection without any specific privileges.

 

Centos下MySql用户管理


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