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Dapper的基本使用

Dapper是.NET下一个micro的ORM,它和Entity Framework或Nhibnate不同,属于轻量级的,并且是半自动的。也就是说实体类都要自己写。它没有复杂的配置文件,一个单文件就可以了。给出官方地址。

http://code.google.com/p/dapper-dot-net/

个人觉得他非常好用,现在已经取代了原来的SqlHelper。优点:

  1. 使用Dapper可以自动进行对象映射!
  2. 轻量级,单文件。
  3. 支持多数据库。
  4. Dapper原理通过Emit反射IDataReader的序列队列,来快速的得到和产生对象。

网上还有对Dapper的扩展类,这里就不赘述了。下面只讲下简单的增删改查、数据库表间的对应关系和事务的应用。

先给出实体类的关系:

 书和书评是1---n的关系。(沿用Entity Framework的实体类,virtual表示延迟加载,此处忽略)

//public class Book
    {
        public Book()
        {
            Reviews = new List<BookReview>();
        }
        public int Id { get; set; }
        public string Name { get; set; }
        public virtual List<BookReview> Reviews { get; set; }
        public override string ToString()
        {
            return string.Format("[{0}]------《{1}》", Id, Name);
        }
    }

//书评
 public class BookReview
    {
        public int Id { get; set; }
        public int BookId { get; set; }
        public virtual string Content { get; set; }
        public virtual Book AssoicationWithBook { get; set; }
        public override string ToString()
        {
            return string.Format("{0})--[{1}]\t\"{3}\"", Id, BookId, Content);
        }
    }
  • 基本的增删改查操作

  由于Dapper ORM的操作实际上是对IDbConnection类的扩展,所有的方法都是该类的扩展方法。所以在使用前先实例化一个IDBConnection对象。

IDbConnection conn = new SqlConnection(connString);

Insert

 Book book = new Book();
 book.Name="C#本质论";
 string query = "INSERT INTO Book(Name)VALUES(@name)";
//对对象进行操作
 conn.Execute(query, book);
//直接赋值操作
 conn.Execute(query, new {name = "C#本质论"});

update

string query = "UPDATE Book SET  Name=@name WHERE id =@id";
 conn.Execute(query, book);

delete

string query = "DELETE FROM Book WHERE id = @id";
conn.Execute(query, book);
conn.Execute(query, new { id = id });

query

 string query = "SELECT * FROM Book";
//无参数查询,返回列表,带参数查询和之前的参数赋值法相同。
 conn.Query<Book>(query).ToList();

 //返回单条信息
 string query = "SELECT * FROM Book WHERE id = @id";
 book = conn.Query<Book>(query, new { id = id }).SingleOrDefault();     
  • 数据库表对应关系操作
//查询图书时,同时查找对应的书评,并存在List中。实现1--n的查询操作
string query = "SELECT * FROM Book b LEFT JOIN BookReview br ON br.BookId = b.Id WHERE b.id = @id";
Book lookup = null;
//Query<TFirst, TSecond, TReturn>
 var b = conn.Query<Book, BookReview, Book>(query,
  (book, bookReview) =>
  {
     //扫描第一条记录,判断非空和非重复
    if (lookup == null || lookup.Id != book.Id)
      lookup = book;
    //书对应的书评非空,加入当前书的书评List中,最后把重复的书去掉。
    if (bookReview != null)
      lookup.Reviews.Add(bookReview);
     return lookup;
  }, new { id = id }).Distinct().SingleOrDefault();
return b;
//1--1操作 
BookReview br;
string query = "SELECT * FROM BookReview WHERE id = @id";
using (conn)
{
   br = conn.Query<BookReview, Book, BookReview>(query,
  (bookReview, book) =>
   {
    bookReview.AssoicationWithBook = book;
    return bookReview;
   }, new { id = id }).SingleOrDefault();
  return br;
}
  • 事务操作
using (conn)
{
//开始事务
IDbTransaction transaction = conn.BeginTransaction();
  try
  {
    string query = "DELETE FROM Book WHERE id = @id";
    string query2 = "DELETE FROM BookReview WHERE BookId = @BookId";
    conn.Execute(query2, new { BookId = id }, transaction, null, null);
    conn.Execute(query, new { id = id }, transaction, null, null);
    //提交事务
    transaction.Commit();
  }
  catch (Exception ex)
  {
    //出现异常,事务Rollback
    transaction.Rollback();
    throw new Exception(ex.Message);
  }
}

Dapper的基本使用