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C# & WPF 随手小计之一 ——初探async await 实现多线程处理

嗯。。。我也是在园子待了不短时间的人了,一直以来汲取着园友的知识,感觉需要回馈什么。

于是以后有空我都会把一些小技巧小知识写下来,有时候可能会很短甚至很简单,但希望能帮到大家咯。

第一篇文章来说说async 和 await吧。

这是微软关于Async的介绍:http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/hh156513.aspx

这是await :http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/hh156528.aspx

这是综合起来讲:http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/hh191443.aspx

 

async和await用起来并不是很难,大部分人是这么用的,微软的sample是这么写的:

private async void StartButton_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e){    // ExampleMethodAsync returns a Task<int>, which means that the method    // eventually produces an int result. However, ExampleMethodAsync returns    // the Task<int> value as soon as it reaches an await.    ResultsTextBox.Text += "\n";    try    {        int length = await ExampleMethodAsync();        // Note that you could put "await ExampleMethodAsync()" in the next line where        // "length" is, but due to when ‘+=‘ fetches the value of ResultsTextBox, you        // would not see the global side effect of ExampleMethodAsync setting the text.        ResultsTextBox.Text += String.Format("Length: {0}\n", length);    }    catch (Exception)    {        // Process the exception if one occurs.    }}public async Task<int> ExampleMethodAsync(){    var httpClient = new HttpClient();    int exampleInt = (await httpClient.GetStringAsync("http://msdn.microsoft.com")).Length;    ResultsTextBox.Text += "Preparing to finish ExampleMethodAsync.\n";    // After the following return statement, any method that‘s awaiting    // ExampleMethodAsync (in this case, StartButton_Click) can get the     // integer result.    return exampleInt;}// Output:// Preparing to finish ExampleMethodAsync.// Length: 53292

上面是微软给的写法,给按钮的响应方法加上async,然后await ExampleMethodAsync,让一个Length变量来接收返回值。

 

但是其实async和await还有另一种用法:

        private async void button_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)        {            TB_Result.Text = await exampleAsync();        }
        private async Task<string> exampleAsync()        {             return await Task.Run(() =>             {                 WebClient w = new WebClient();                 w.DownloadFile("http://provissy.com", "webPage1");                 w.DownloadFile("http://microsoft.com", "webPage2");                 string a = w.DownloadString("http://microsoft.com");                 return a;             });        }

Task.Run 和 Lambda表达式,用起来其实更加简单。

在 => { }范围内写任何代码都是异步执行的,因此不用担心某几个语句是否会长时间堵住UI线程。

当然,你不能访问UI线程,否则会抛出异常。

 

如果不返回值,那就更简单了

 

        private async Task exampleAsync()        {
// 用 await exampleAsync(); 来调用即可,会立即返回。
await Task.Run(() => { WebClient w = new WebClient(); w.DownloadFile("http://provissy.com", "webPage1"); w.DownloadFile("http://microsoft.com", "webPage2"); });
}

 

 

 

好了就这么多,以后会尽量写详细点。。。

C# & WPF 随手小计之一 ——初探async await 实现多线程处理