Hibernate检索（下）

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2024-10-22 16:19:01 213人阅读

1.表结构

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2.HQL连接查询

Hibernate支持的连接有：

inner join

left outer join

right outer join

inner join只能得到满足连接条件的记录，左右表交换位置，结果不变。

left join 左表中的数据必须出现在结果集中，哪怕不满足连接条件。

right join 右表中的数据必须出现在结果集中，哪怕不满足连接条件。

3.实体类

 1 package cn.yunhe.entity;
 2 
 3 import javax.persistence.*;
 4 import java.util.HashSet;
 5 import java.util.Set;
 6 
 7 @Entity
 8 @Table(name = "users")
 9 public class Users {
10     private int id;
11     private String loginId;
12     private String loginPwd;
13     private String name;
14     private int age;
15     private String phone;
16     private Set<Orders> orders= new HashSet<Orders>();
17 
18     @Id
19     @GeneratedValue
20     @Column(name = "id")
21     public int getId() {
22         return id;
23     }
24 
25     public void setId(int id) {
26         this.id = id;
27     }
28 
29     @Column(name = "loginId")
30     public String getLoginId() {
31         return loginId;
32     }
33 
34     public void setLoginId(String loginId) {
35         this.loginId = loginId;
36     }
37 
38     @Column(name = "loginPwd")
39     public String getLoginPwd() {
40         return loginPwd;
41     }
42 
43     public void setLoginPwd(String loginPwd) {
44         this.loginPwd = loginPwd;
45     }
46 
47     @Column(name = "name")
48     public String getName() {
49         return name;
50     }
51 
52     public void setName(String name) {
53         this.name = name;
54     }
55 
56     @Column(name = "age")
57     public int getAge() {
58         return age;
59     }
60 
61     public void setAge(int age) {
62         this.age = age;
63     }
64 
65     @Column(name = "phone")
66     public String getPhone() {
67         return phone;
68     }
69 
70     public void setPhone(String phone) {
71         this.phone = phone;
72     }
73 
74     @OneToMany(cascade = CascadeType.ALL,fetch = FetchType.LAZY,mappedBy = "users")//双向时不要@JoinColumn
75     //@JoinColumn(name = "userid")
76     public Set<Orders> getOrders() {
77         return orders;
78     }
79 
80     public void setOrders(Set<Orders> orders) {
81         this.orders = orders;
82     }
83 }

users

 1 package cn.yunhe.entity;
 2 
 3 import javax.persistence.*;
 4 import java.util.Date;
 5 
 6 /**
 7  * Created by Administrator on 2017/7/11.
 8  */
 9 @Entity
10 @Table(name = "orders")
11 public class Orders {
12     private int id;
13     private Date orderDate;
14     private double totalPrice;
15     private Users users;
16 
17     @Id
18     @GeneratedValue
19     @Column(name = "id")
20     public int getId() {
21         return id;
22     }
23 
24     public void setId(int id) {
25         this.id = id;
26     }
27 
28     @Column(name = "orderDate")
29     public Date getOrderDate() {
30         return orderDate;
31     }
32 
33     public void setOrderDate(Date orderDate) {
34         this.orderDate = orderDate;
35     }
36 
37     @Column(name = "totalPrice")
38     public double getTotalPrice() {
39         return totalPrice;
40     }
41 
42     public void setTotalPrice(double totalPrice) {
43         this.totalPrice = totalPrice;
44     }
45 
46     @ManyToOne(fetch = FetchType.EAGER)
47     @JoinColumn(name = "userid")
48     public Users getUsers() {
49         return users;
50     }
51 
52     public void setUsers(Users users) {
53         this.users = users;
54     }
55 }

orders（订单表）

4.配置文件

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 2 <!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration
 3         PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
 4         "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
 5 <hibernate-configuration>
 6     <session-factory>
 7         <!--正向工程（自动建表）-->
 8         <property name="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
 9         <!--数据库方言-->
10         <property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>
11         <property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/hibernate</property>
12         <property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
13         <property name="connection.username">root</property>
14         <property name="connection.password">1234</property>
15         <!--显示sql语句-->
16         <property name="show_sql">true</property>
17 
18         <mapping class="cn.yunhe.entity.Users"/>
19         <mapping class="cn.yunhe.entity.Orders"/>
20 
21     </session-factory>
22 </hibernate-configuration>

hibernate.cfg.xml

 1 <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 2   xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
 3   <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
 4   <groupId>cn.yunhe</groupId>
 5   <artifactId>hibernate5</artifactId>
 6   <packaging>war</packaging>
 7   <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
 8   <name>hibernate5 Maven Webapp</name>
 9   <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
10   <dependencies>
11     <dependency>
12       <groupId>junit</groupId>
13       <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
14       <version>4.12</version>
15       <scope>test</scope>
16     </dependency>
17 
18     <dependency>
19       <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
20       <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
21       <version>3.1.0</version>
22       <scope>provided</scope>
23     </dependency>
24 
25     <dependency>
26       <groupId>mysql</groupId>
27       <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
28       <version>5.1.6</version>
29     </dependency>
30 
31     <dependency>
32       <groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
33       <artifactId>struts2-core</artifactId>
34       <version>2.3.31</version>
35     </dependency>
36 
37     <dependency>
38       <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
39       <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
40       <version>1.2</version>
41     </dependency>
42 
43     <dependency>
44       <groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
45       <artifactId>struts2-dojo-plugin</artifactId>
46       <version>2.3.16</version>
47     </dependency>
48 
49     <dependency>
50       <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
51       <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
52       <version>3.5.0-Final</version>
53     </dependency>
54 
55     <dependency>
56       <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
57       <artifactId>hibernate-annotations</artifactId>
58       <version>3.5.0-Final</version>
59     </dependency>
60     <dependency>
61       <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
62       <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
63       <version>1.5.8</version>
64     </dependency>
65 
66     <dependency>
67       <groupId>org.javassist</groupId>
68       <artifactId>javassist</artifactId>
69       <version>3.13.0-GA</version>
70     </dependency>
71   </dependencies>
72   <build>
73     <finalName>hibernate5</finalName>
74   </build>
75 </project>

pom.xml

5.测试类

  1 package cn.yunhe.Demo;
  2 
  3 import cn.yunhe.entity.Books;
  4 import cn.yunhe.entity.Orders;
  5 import cn.yunhe.entity.Publishers;
  6 import cn.yunhe.entity.Users;
  7 import org.hibernate.Criteria;
  8 import org.hibernate.Query;
  9 import org.hibernate.Session;
 10 import org.hibernate.Transaction;
 11 import org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration;
 12 import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
 13 import org.hibernate.criterion.Order;
 14 import org.hibernate.criterion.Projections;
 15 import org.hibernate.criterion.Restrictions;
 16 import org.junit.After;
 17 import org.junit.Before;
 18 import org.junit.Test;
 19 
 20 import java.util.List;
 21 
 22 /**
 23  * Created by Administrator on 2017/7/11.
 24  */
 25 public class Demo {
 26     Session session=null;
 27     Transaction tr=null;
 28 
 29     @Before
 30     public void init(){
 31         Configuration config =new AnnotationConfiguration().configure();
 32         session= config.buildSessionFactory().openSession();
 33         tr=session.beginTransaction();
 34     }
 35 
 36     @Test //Hibernate内链接    查询订单中的用户的信息
 37     public void test1(){
 38         String hql="select o.users from Orders o where o.id=1";
 39         Query query=session.createQuery(hql);
 40          List<Users> list= query.list();
 41         session.close();//关闭也可以查出来
 42         Users user=list.get(0);
 43         System.out.println(user.getName());
 44     }
 45 
 46     @Test //Hibernate内链接  使用交叉连接查询
 47     public void test2(){
 48         String hql="select u from Users u,Orders o where u=o.users and o.id=3";
 49         List<Users> list= session.createQuery(hql).list();
 50         for (Users users:list){
 51             System.out.println(users.getName());
 52         }
 53     }
 54 
 55     @Test//Hibernate内链接  查询所有购买过书籍的用户，采用子查询
 56     public void test3(){
 57         String hql="select u from Users u where u in(select o.users from Orders o)";//子查询
 58         //String hql="select distinct u from Users u inner join u.orders";//内连接
 59         List<Users> list =session.createQuery(hql).list();
 60         for (Users users:list){
 61             System.out.println(users.getName());
 62         }
 63     }
 64 
 65     @Test//Hibernate内链接  抓取内链接
 66     public  void test4(){
 67        String hql="select distinct u from Users u inner join u.orders";
 68        List<Users> list= session.createQuery(hql).list();
 69        session.close();//关闭session
 70         for (Users users:list){
 71             System.out.println(users.getName()+"的订单：");
 72             for (Orders orders:users.getOrders()){
 73                 System.out.println(orders.getId()+"\t"+orders.getTotalPrice());
 74             }
 75         }
 76     }
 77 
 78     @Test//Hibernate外链接 left outer join(左外链接)
 79     //查询没有任何订单的用户
 80     //left join中也可以使用fetch，即:left join fetch,表示是否填充左边（Users）中的集合属性
 81     public void test5(){
 82         String hql="select u from Users u left join u.orders o where o is null";
 83         List<Users> list= session.createQuery(hql).list();
 84         for (Users users:list){
 85             System.out.println(users.getName());
 86         }
 87     }
 88 
 89     @Test//本地查询 原生SQL语句查询   session.createSQLQuery()方法
 90     public void test6(){
 91         String sql="select * from users";
 92         Query query=session.createSQLQuery(sql);
 93         List<Object[]> list= query.list();
 94         for (Object[] objects :list){
 95             System.out.println(objects[1]);
 96         }
 97     }
 98 
 99     @Test//本地查询 原生sql语句查询  使用占位符
100     /*说明：查询指定了 SQL查询语句，带一个占位符，可以让Hibernate使用字段的别名
101     . 查询返回的实体，和它的SQL表的别名. addEntity()方法将SQL表的别名和实体类联
102      系起来。
103     * */
104     public void test7(){
105         String sql="select {u.*},{o.*} from users u,orders o where u.id=o.userid";
106         Query query=session.createSQLQuery(sql).addEntity("u",Users.class).addEntity("o",Orders.class);
107         List<Object[]> list= query.list();
108         for (Object[] objects:list){
109             Users users= (Users) objects[0];
110             Orders orders= (Orders) objects[1];
111             System.out.println("用户名："+users.getName()+",订单价格"+orders.getTotalPrice());
112         }
113     }
114 
115     @Test //Criteria查询   使用Criteria查询所有的用户
116     public void test8(){
117         Criteria criteria=session.createCriteria(Users.class);
118         List<Users> list= criteria.list();
119         for (Users users:list){
120             System.out.println(users.getName());
121         }
122     }
123 
124     @Test//Criteria查询 条件查询
125     //使用Restrictions中的静态方法来构造查询条件，然后“add”到Criteria中
126     //查询出年龄大于400的用户
127     public void test9(){
128         Criteria criteria=session.createCriteria(Users.class);
129         List<Users> list= criteria.add(Restrictions.gt("age",400)).list();
130         for (Users users:list){
131             System.out.println(users.getName()+",age:"+users.getAge());
132         }
133 
134     }
135 
136     @Test//Criteria查询  排序   根据年龄进行降序排列
137     public void test10(){
138         Criteria criteria=session.createCriteria(Users.class);
139         List<Users> list= criteria.addOrder(Order.desc("age")).list();
140         for (Users users:list){
141             System.out.println(users.getName()+",age:"+users.getAge());
142         }
143     }
144 
145     @Test//Criteria查询  分页
146     // setFirstResult方法设置开始位置
147     //  setMaxResult方法设置页大小
148     public void  test11(){
149         Criteria criteria=session.createCriteria(Users.class);
150         List<Users> list= criteria.setFirstResult(2).setMaxResults(3).list();
151         for (Users users:list){
152             System.out.println(users.getName()+",age:"+users.getAge());
153         }
154     }
155 
156     @Test// Criteria查询 使用聚合函数  使用Criteria 的setProjection 方法设置统计列  max min avg sum 等用法相同
157     public void test12(){
158         Criteria criteria=session.createCriteria(Users.class);
159         criteria.setProjection(Projections.avg("age"));
160         Double age= (Double) criteria.uniqueResult();
161         System.out.println("员工的平均年龄是："+age);
162     }
163 
164     @Test//Criteria查询 连接查询
165     //使用createCriteria() 方法非常容易地在互相关联的实体间进行连接查询
166     //查询孙权的订单信息，要求订单总价在300以上。
167     public void test13(){
168         Criteria c_orders=session.createCriteria(Orders.class);
169         Criteria c_users=c_orders.createCriteria("users");//两表关联，这步最重要
170         c_orders.add(Restrictions.gt("totalPrice",300d));//double类型后面要加d  不然会报无法将integer转换为double
171         c_users.add(Restrictions.eq("id",1));
172         List<Orders> list= c_orders.list();
173         for (Orders orders:list){
174             System.out.println("客户名称:"+orders.getUsers().getName()+"\n订单总价："+orders.getTotalPrice());
175         }
176     }
177 
178     @After
179     public void down(){
180         session.close();
181     }
182 
183 }

Demo

6.HQL优化

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Hibernate检索（下）

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