各种断言方法：

assertEqual(a,b)

   a == b

assertNotEqual(a,b)

   a != b

assertTrue(x)

 x == True

assertFalse(x)

 x == Flase

assertIn(item,list)

判断item 在 list中

assertNotIn（item,list）

判断 item不在list中

编写一个类，用于调查用户最喜欢的运动：

class Survey():
    ‘‘‘问卷调查‘‘‘
    def __init__(self,question):
        self.question = question
        self.responses = []

    def show_question(self):
        ‘‘‘显示问题‘‘‘
        print(self.question)

    def store_response(self,new_response):
        ‘‘‘存储单个答案‘‘‘
        self.responses.append(new_response)

    def show_results(self):
        ‘‘‘显示收集到的答案‘‘‘
        print(‘surver_result :‘)
        for response in self.responses:
            print(‘- ‘ + response)

这个类，通过方法 show_question()，对用户进行提问；通过方法 store_response()来保存用户的答复。

最终生成一个列表：responses 用于包含用户的答案。

编写一个测试代码，对这个类进测试：

import unittest
from surveys import Survey

class Test_Survey(unittest.TestCase):
    ‘‘‘针对Survey进测试的类‘‘‘
    def test_store_single_responses(self):
        ‘‘‘测试1个答案的方法‘‘‘
        question = "What is your favorite sports ?"
        my_survey = Survey(question)
        my_survey.store_response(‘compute games‘)
        self.assertIn(‘compute games‘ , my_survey.responses)

这个代码只能对一个答案进行测试，意义不大，如果用户输入了多个答案，如何确保程序不出错，也需要进行测试。

import unittest
from surveys import Survey

class Test_Survey(unittest.TestCase):
    ‘‘‘针对Survey进测试的类‘‘‘
    def test_store_single_responses(self):
        ‘‘‘测试1个答案的方法‘‘‘
        question = "What is your favorite sports ?"
        my_survey = Survey(question)
        my_survey.store_response(‘compute games‘)
        self.assertIn(‘compute games‘ , my_survey.responses)
    def test_store_more_response(self):
        ‘‘‘测试多个答案的方法‘‘‘
        question = "What is your favorite sports ?"
        my_survey = Survey(question)
        responses = [‘basketball‘ , ‘football‘ , ‘compute games‘]
        for response in responses:
            my_survey.store_response(response)
        for response in responses:
            self.assertIn(response,my_survey.responses)

通过setUp巧妙的修改这个测试代码：

import unittest
from surveys import Survey

class Test_Survey(unittest.TestCase):
    ‘‘‘测试Survey类是否在各种情况正常工作‘‘‘

    def setUp(self):
        question = "What is your favorite sports ?"
        self.my_survey = Survey(question)
        self.responses = [‘basketball‘ , ‘football‘ , ‘compute games‘]

    def test_single_response(self):
        ‘‘‘测试单个答案的方法‘‘‘
        self.my_survey.store_response(self.responses[0])
        self.assertIn(self.responses[0],self.my_survey.responses)
    def test_more_response(self):
        ‘‘‘测试多个答案的方法‘‘‘
        for response in self.responses:
            self.my_survey.store_response(response)
        for response in self.responses:
            self.assertIn(response,self.my_survey.responses)

测试class