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python 笔记
第一周2016/9/11
Python 2.0和3.0的区别
3.0 的模块名改了和之前的2.0 不一样
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*- 加 utf8
>>> user="123" 2.0打印
>>> print user
123
Print（user） 3.0打印
变量
Name=”hanwei” #姓名
name=”hanwei” #姓名
注释 # ‘’’ ‘’’
2.0
>>> a=raw_input("your name:")
your name:123
>>> print a
123
3.0
>>> a=input("your name:")
your name:123
>>> print a
123
格式化字符串
#!/usr/bin/env python
name=input("your name:")
age=int(input("your age:")) %d代表小数必须像这样
job=input("your job:")
%s 小数或字符串 %f 浮点数 %d 小数
msg=‘‘‘
Name:%s
Age:%d
Job:%s
‘‘‘%(name,age,job)
print(msg)
ASCI码叫阿克斯码
Ascl 本身没有加入utf8 加入utf8才有中文
8个bi等于一个字节
1024个字节等于1kb
#####################
Ascl 查询 规律
Ab-----69----------ascl码
输入密码不显示密码
import getpass
username = input("username:")
password = getpass.getpass()
print(username,password)
判断次数输入密码
user = "hanwei"
passwd = "789"
username = input("username")
password = input("password")
if user == username:
print("username is corerct....")
if password == passwd:
print("Wlecome login....")
else:
print("password is invalid...
else:
print("no no no")
判断输入密码器
user = "hanwei"
passwd = "789"
username = input("username:")
password = input("password:")
if username == user and password == passwd:
print("Welcome login")
else:
print("mima huo yonghu mong cuowu")
猜数字
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
age = 22
guess_num = int(input("input your guess num:")) init 转为数字
if guess_num == age:
print("you git lt")
elif guess_num > age:
print("da le")
else:
print("xiaole")
猜数字2
age = 22
for i in range(10):
if i <3:
guess_num = int(input("input your guess num:"))
if guess_num == age:
print("you git lt")
break
elif guess_num > age:
print("da le")
else:
print("xiaole")
else:
print("cishi taiduo")
break
列表---其他叫做数组
定义数组
name=["zhangsan","lisi","wangwu","liu","xie","zhou"]
打印
name[1:3][1][3]
name[1:3]
name[-2:]
name[-1]
name[4]
name[:2]
修改
name[4] = "xietingfeng"
插入
name.insert(4,‘hanwei‘)
删除
name.remove("liu")
打印所有
>>> name
[‘zhangsan‘, ‘lisi‘, ‘wangwu‘, ‘hanwei‘, ‘xietingfeng‘, ‘zhou‘, ‘alix‘]
if 9 in name:
num = name.count(9) 统计9的个数
pos = name.index(9) 找出索引
name[pos] = 999 改
print(name)
循环改改所有
name = ["zhangsan","lisi","wangwu","sunliu","liu0",1,1,3,5,4,8,98,9,10,11,9,9,9]
for i in range(name.count(9)):
ele = name.index(9)
name[ele] = 9999999999
print name
扩展
name = ["zhangsan","lisi","wangwu","sunliu","liu0"]
name2 = ["hanweiu","lini"]
name.extend(name2)
print(name)
打印嵌套
name = ["zhangsan","lisi",["li","a"],"wangwu","sunliu","liu0"]
print name [2][0]
反向排序
name = ["zhangsan","lisi",["li","a"],"wangwu","sunliu","liu0"]
name.reverse()
print name
排序
name = ["zhangsan","lisi",["li","a"],"wangwu","sunliu","liu0"]
name.sort()
print name
考被列表
name = ["zhangsan","lisi",["li","a"],"wangwu","sunliu","liu0"]
name2 = name.copy()
print(name2)
删除
name = ["zhangsan","lisi",["li","a"],"wangwu","sunliu","liu0"]
name.pop(2)
print name
不长 （比如 1.3.5排序）
name = ["zhangsan","lisi",["li","a"],"wangwu","sunliu","liu0"]
print (name[::2])
删除
name = ["zhangsan","lisi",["li","a"],"wangwu","sunliu","liu0"]
del name[1]
print (name[::2])
完全拷贝
name = ["zhangsan","lisi","wangwu","sunliu","liu0"]
name4 = copy.deepcopy(name)
print(name4)
猜数字2
age = 22
count = 0
for i in range(10):
if count<3:
print(count)
guess_num = int(input("input your guess num:"))
if guess_num == age:
print("you git lt")
break
elif guess_num > age:
print("da le")
else:
print("xia ole")
else:
con = input("hai yao ji xu ma:")
if con == ‘y‘:
count = 0
continue
else:
print("exit")
break
count += 1
字符串处理
name = "alex,jack,rain"
name2 = name.split(",") 转换成列表
print(name2)
print("|".join(name2)) 换成 |
删掉多余前后空格
username=input("user:")
if username.strip() == ‘alex‘:
print("welcome")‘‘‘
name = "alex li"
print(name[2:4]) 打印指定字符
print(name.center(40,‘-‘)) 打印40不满40 前后加—
print(name.find("li")) 查找
print(‘‘ in name) 查找空格
print(name.capitalize()) 第一个字母换成大写
变量
msg="Hello, {name}, it‘s been along {age} since last tiem...."
msg2=msg.format(name=‘mimng hu‘,age=‘33‘)
print(msg2)
变量
msg2="hahah {0}, dddd {1}"
print(msg2.format(‘alex‘,‘aa‘))
避免输入的不是数字报错
age = input("your age:")
‘‘‘if age. isdigit(): 避免
age = int(age)
else:
print("nono")‘‘‘
name=‘alex3sdf‘
print(name.isalnum()) 判断是否是字母或者数字
print(name.endswith(‘f‘)) 判断结尾是否是f
print(name.startswith(‘a‘)) 判断开头是否是a
print(name.upper().lower()) 大小写转换
While 死循环
count=0
while True:
count+=1
if count>50 and count<60: 50-60之间退出循环
continue
print("你是风儿我是沙")
print(count)
if count == 100:
print("穿上裤子走天涯")
print(count)
break
字典
id_db = {
412728199004125331:{
‘name‘:"hanwei",
‘age‘: 18,
‘addr‘:‘henan‘
},
41272819900512331: {
‘name‘:"shanpao",
‘age‘:24,
‘addr‘:‘shandong‘
},
}
#print(id_db[412728199004125331]) 打印k值
#id_db[41272819900512331][‘name‘]="minghu" 修改
#del id_db[41272819900512331] 删除
#id_db[41272819900512331].pop("addr") 删除
#v=id_db.get(41272819900512331) 判断是否存在
#v=id_db[41272819900512331] 负值k值
#print(id_db)
dic2={
‘name‘:‘hanhanhan‘,
222012000:{‘name‘:‘wang‘},
}
#print(dic2)
#id_db.update(dic2) 更新如果只存在覆盖不存在追加
#print(id_db)
#print(id_db) # 打印字典
#print(id_db.items()) 转换成元祖
#print(id_db.values()) 打印values
#print(id_db.keys()) 打印keys
#41272819900512331 in id_db 判断一个值是否存在
#print(id_db.setdefault(41272819900412533,"hhh")) 判断一个不存在就追加
循环字典
for key in id_db:
print(key,id_db[key])
购物车
salary=input("input your salery:") if salary.isdigit(): salary=int(salary) else: exit("shu ru cuo wu") welcom_msg="welcom wo hanwei shopping mall".center(50,‘-‘) print(welcom_msg) exit_flag = False product_list=[ (‘iphoen‘,5888), (‘mac air‘,8000), (‘mac pro‘,9000), (‘xiaomi 2‘,19.9), (‘tesla‘,820000), (‘bike‘,700), (‘cloth‘,200), (‘coffee‘,30), ] shop_car=[] while exit_flag is not True: print("product list".center(50,‘-‘)) for item in enumerate(product_list): index=item[0] p_name=item[1][0] p_price=item[1][1] print(index,‘.‘,p_name,p_price) user_choice = input("[q=quit,c=check],what do your want to buy:") if user_choice.isdigit(): user_choice=int(user_choice) if user_choice <len(product_list): p_item=product_list[user_choice] if p_item[1] <=salary: shop_car.append(p_item) salary -= p_item[1] print("added[%s]into shop car,you current balance is \033[31:1m[%s]" %( p_item,salary)) else: print("your balance is [%s], nono.." % salary) else: if user_choice == ‘q‘ or user_choice == ‘quit‘: print("ni yi tui chu".center(40,‘*‘)) for item in shop_car: print(item) print("END".center(40,‘*‘)) print("nide yu ge shi [%s]" % salary) print("Bye") exit_flag = True elif user_choice == ‘c‘ or user_choice == ‘check‘: print("ni yi tui chu".center(40, ‘*‘)) for item in shop_car: print(item) print("END".center(40, ‘*‘)) print("nide yu ge shi [%s]" % salary) print("Bye")
Set
s1={11,22,33}
s2={22,33,44}
#s3=s1.difference(s2) a中存在b中不存在
#s3=s1.symmetric_difference(s2) a中不存在和b中不存在
#s1.difference_update(s2) a中存在b中不存在跟新到a中
#s3=s1.intersection(s2) 找出a和b相同的 叫做交集
#s1.symmetric_difference_update(s2) a和b中不存在德跟新到a中
#s1.discard(11) 删除不存在不报错
#s1.remove(22) 删除不存在报错
#s1.pop() 随机删除
#s1.intersection_update(s2) 把a和b相同的更新到a中
#s3=s1.union(s2) 并集
#{33, 22, 11, 44}
添加
#s1.add(99)
#li=[88,66,99]
#s1.update(li)
练习题
old_dict={
"#1":8,
"#2":4,
"#4":2,
}
new_dict={
"#1":4,
"#2":4,
"#3":2,
}
拿到keys
new_set=set(new_dict.keys())
old_set=set(old_dict.keys())
remove_set=old_set.difference(new_set) 需要删除的
add_set=new_set.difference(old_set) 需要添加的
update_set=old_set.intersection(new_set) 需要更新的
#!/usr/bin/env python http://www.cnblogs.com/spykids/p/5163108.html shopping_list = [ [‘Iphone 6s plus‘,5800], [‘Lumia‘,3800], [‘Charge‘,45], [‘Data line‘,35], [‘MI 5 PRO‘,2299], [‘MI 4‘,1999],] salary = 100000 total = 0 shop_list = [] while True: welcom_1 = "XXX购物商城欢迎你" we_1 = welcom_1.center(30,‘*‘) print(we_1) choice_1 = "1.注册 2.登录 q。退出" ch_1 = choice_1.center(30,‘*‘) exit_1 = "谢谢使用，欢迎下次光临" ex_1 = exit_1.center(30,‘*‘) error_1 = "你输入的用户已存在，请重新输入" e_1 = error_1.center(30,‘*‘) error_2 = "密码不能为空，请重新输入" e_2 = error_2.center(30,‘*‘) error_3 = "输入的密码太短，请重新输入" e_3 = error_3.center(30,"*") error_4 = "你输入有误，请重新输入" e_4 = error_4.center(30,‘*‘) error_5 = "你的账号已锁定，请联系管理员" e_5 = error_5.center(30,‘*‘) print(ch_1) sr_1 = input("Please input:") if sr_1 == ‘1‘: while True: with open(‘ming.txt‘,‘r‘)as r_1: temp = r_1.readlines() tlist = [] for tline in temp: tline = tline.strip().split(‘:‘) tlist.append(tline[0]) useradd = input("Please create user:") s_1 = ‘成功创建用户：%s‘ %(useradd) if useradd in tlist: print(e_1) elif useradd == ‘exit‘: break else: passwd = input(‘Please create a password:‘) lenth = len(passwd) if lenth == 0 : print(e_2) elif lenth > 7: with open(‘ming.txt‘,‘a‘)as r_3: w_1 = ‘%s:%s:0\n ‘ %(useradd,passwd) r_3.write(w_1) s_1 = s_1.center(30,‘*‘) print(s_1) break else: print(e_3) elif sr_1 == ‘2‘: flag = False while True: username = input("Please enter a user name:") l = open(‘lock.txt‘,‘r‘) for lline in l.readlines(): lline = lline.strip() if username == lline: print("账号已经锁定") flag = True l.close() break if flag == True: break u = open(‘ming.txt‘,‘r‘) for uline in u.readlines(): user,password,mony = uline.strip().split(‘:‘) if username == user: i = 0 while i < 3: passwd = input(‘Please enter a password:‘) i +=1 if passwd == password: print(‘你好欢迎登陆购物平台‘) flag = True u.close() break else: if i >= 3: with open(‘lock.txt‘,‘a‘) as l_2: l_2.write(username + ‘\n‘) l_2.close() exit("错误过多，账号已锁定，请联系管理员") print(‘密码输入错误，还有%d次机会‘%(3 - i)) break else: print("用户输入错误，请重新输入") break while True: print("1.购物 2.查看购物车 3.查看余额 4.充值 b.返回 q.退出") print("--------------------------------------------------") choice_2 = input(‘请选择‘) flag_1 = False while True: if choice_2 == "1": while True: for index,g in enumerate(shopping_list): print(index,g[0],g[1]) print(‘--------------‘) print(‘c.查看购物车 b.返回 q.退出‘) choice = input(‘请选择商品:‘).strip() if choice.isdigit(): choice = int(choice) p_price = shopping_list[choice][1] if p_price < salary: shop_list.append(shopping_list[choice]) total += p_price salary -= p_price print(‘------------------‘) print(‘你购买了%s,余额%s‘%(shopping_list[choice][0],salary)) print(‘------------------‘) else: print(‘--------------------‘) print(‘余额不足，请充值‘) print(‘--------------------‘) elif choice == "c": while True: print(‘-------你已进入购物车-------‘) for k,v in enumerate(shop_list): print(k,v[0],v[1]) print("已消费金额为:%s"%total) print("你的余额为:%s"%salary) print(‘--------------------------‘) print("d.删除商品，b.返回 q.退出") print(‘--------------------------‘) choce_1 = input(‘请选择‘) print(‘--------------------------‘) if choce_1 == ‘d‘: print(‘-------------------------‘) print(‘选择要删除的商品 b.返回购物车：‘) print(‘-------------------------‘) while True: choice_2 = input(‘请选择:‘) if choice_2.isdigit(): choice_2 = int(choice_2) d_price = shop_list[choice_2][1] shop_list.remove(shop_list[choice_2]) total -= d_price salary += d_price print(‘----------------‘) print("商品%s删除成功,余额为%s"%(shop_list[choice_2][0],salary)) print(‘-----------------‘) elif choice_2 == ‘b‘: break elif choice_1 == ‘b‘: flag = True break else: print(‘-----购物清单------‘) for k,v in enumerate(shop_list): print(k,v[0],v[1]) print(‘总消费金额为:%s‘%total) print(‘你的可用余额:%s‘%salary) print(‘-----欢迎下次再来-----‘) exit(0) elif choice == "b": break elif choice == ‘q‘: print(‘------购物清单------‘) for k,v in enumerate(shop_list): print(k,v[0],v[1]) print(‘消费金额为:%s‘%total) print(‘你的可用余额为:%s‘%salary) print(‘------欢迎再次光临------‘) exit(0) else: print(‘----------------‘) print(‘你输入错误，请重新输入！‘) print(‘-------------------‘) if flag == True: break elif choice_2 == ‘2‘: print(‘-----购物车-------‘) for k,v in enumerate(shop_list): print(k,v[0],v[1]) print(‘已消费金额为:%s‘%total) print(‘你的余额为:%s‘%salary) print(‘--------------------‘) break elif choice_2 == ‘3‘: with open(‘ming.txt‘,‘r‘)as m_1: mony_1 = m_1.readlines() for mline in mony_1: (user,password,mony) = mline.strip().split(‘:‘) print(salary) flag_1 = True break break elif choice_2 == ‘4‘: z = 0 while z < 1: chongzhi = int(input(‘输入金额：‘)) passwd_1 = input(‘输入密码:‘) m = open(‘ming.txt‘,‘r+‘) m_2 = m.readlines() for mline in m_2: (user,password,mony) = mline.strip().split(‘:‘) if passwd_1 == password: mony_2 = (chongzhi + int(mony)) w_2 = ‘%s:%s:%s‘%(username,password,mony_2) m.write(w_2) print(‘充值成功‘) print(mony) flag = True break continue break if flag == True: break elif choice_2 == ‘b‘: flag = True break elif choice_2 == ‘q‘: exit(ex_1) else: print(e_4) break break if flag == True: break break elif sr_1 == ‘q‘: exit(ex_1) else: print(e_4) print(‘--------------------------------‘)
三级菜单
http://www.2cto.com/kf/201512/453371.html
1 import re 2 memu = { 3 ‘东北‘:{ 4 ‘吉林省‘:{ 5 ‘吉林市‘:[‘吉林市1‘,‘吉林市2‘], 6 ‘长春‘:[‘长春1‘,‘长春2‘], 7 }, 8 ‘辽宁省‘:{ 9 ‘沈阳‘:[‘沈阳1‘,‘沈阳2‘], 10 ‘大连‘:[‘大连1‘,‘大连2‘], 11 12 }, 13 }, 14 ‘华北‘:{ 15 ‘河北‘:{ 16 ‘廊坊‘:[‘廊坊1‘,‘廊坊2‘], 17 ‘保定‘:[‘保定1‘,‘保定2‘], 18 }, 19 ‘内蒙古‘:{ 20 ‘呼和浩特‘:[‘呼和浩特1‘,‘呼和浩特2‘], 21 ‘包头‘:[‘包头1‘,‘包头2‘] 22 }, 23 }, 24 } 25 26 flag = True 27 while flag: 28 for i,v in enumerate(memu.keys()): 29 print(i,v) 30 num_1 = input(‘请输入一级菜单号 q.退出:‘) 31 if num_1 == ‘q‘: 32 flag = True 33 break 34 if num_1.isdigit(): 35 num_1 = int(num_1) 36 if num_1 <= len(memu): 37 key_1 = list(memu.keys())[num_1] 38 while flag: 39 for i1,v1 in enumerate(memu[key_1]): 40 print(i1,v1) 41 num_2 = input(‘请输入二级菜单号 q.退出 b.返回:‘) 42 if num_2 == ‘q‘: 43 flag = False 44 break 45 if num_2 == ‘b‘: 46 break 47 if num_2.isdigit(): 48 num_2 = int(num_2) 49 if num_2 <= len(memu[key_1]): 50 key_2 = list(memu[key_1].keys())[num_2] 51 while flag: 52 for i2,v2 in enumerate(memu[key_1][key_2]): 53 print(i2,v2) 54 num_3 = input(‘请输入三级菜单号 q.退出 b.返回:‘) 55 if num_3 == ‘q‘: 56 flas = False 57 break 58 if num_3 == ‘b‘: 59 break 60 if num_3.isdigit(): 61 num_3 = int(num_3) 62 if num_3 <= len(memu[key_1][key_2]): 63 key_3 = list(memu[key_1][key_2].keys())[num_3] 64 while flag: 65 print(‘最后一页！‘) 66 for i3,v3 in enumerate(memu[key_1][key_2][key_3]): 67 print(i3,v3) 68 num_4 = input(‘q.退出 b.返回:‘) 69 if num_4 == ‘q‘: 70 flag = False 71 break 72 if num_4 == ‘b‘: 73 break
购物车
http://www.cnblogs.com/spykids/p/5163108.html
python 笔记