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缺省适配模式

    如果一个类只希望实现接口中的部分方法,这时就可以考虑使用缺省适配模式。新建一个抽象类实现接口,空实现接口中所有的方法,新的类继承该抽象类,覆盖希望实现的方法即可。

    以AWT中的常用的监听器为例,希望给Frame加上一个WindowListener,frame.addWindowListener()的参数是new WindowListener(),也就是可以像下面这样写代码:

frame.addWindowListener(new WindowListener(){		@Override		public void windowActivated(WindowEvent e) {			// TODO Auto-generated method stub					}		@Override		public void windowClosed(WindowEvent e) {			// TODO Auto-generated method stub					}		@Override		public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {			// TODO Auto-generated method stub					}		@Override		public void windowDeactivated(WindowEvent e) {			// TODO Auto-generated method stub					}		@Override		public void windowDeiconified(WindowEvent e) {			// TODO Auto-generated method stub					}		@Override		public void windowIconified(WindowEvent e) {			// TODO Auto-generated method stub					}		@Override		public void windowOpened(WindowEvent e) {			// TODO Auto-generated method stub					}    	      });

  如果只是想重写windowClosing方法,上面的写法会显得很冗余,而且别人都知道再什么。

      给Frame加上一个WindowListener,正确的方法如下:   

 frame.addWindowListener( new WindowAdapter()     {         public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e)         {           System.exit(0);         }       });

  可以看WindowAdapter的源码,所有的实现都是空实现:    

public abstract class WindowAdapter    implements WindowListener, WindowStateListener, WindowFocusListener{       public void windowOpened(WindowEvent e) {}    public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {}    public void windowClosed(WindowEvent e) {}    public void windowIconified(WindowEvent e) {}    public void windowDeiconified(WindowEvent e) {}    public void windowActivated(WindowEvent e) {}    public void windowDeactivated(WindowEvent e) {}    public void windowStateChanged(WindowEvent e) {}    public void windowGainedFocus(WindowEvent e) {}    public void windowLostFocus(WindowEvent e) {}}

  上面就是缺省适配模式的一个很好的例子。

     AWT中有很多使用缺省适配模式的实例,如下所示:

      

       鲁智深是和尚,但是却不吃斋,念经,打坐,撞钟。如果是直接继承自和尚这个接口,那鲁智深就不是和尚了。可以让抽象类天星继承和尚接口,鲁智深作为天星的子类即可。