首页 > 代码库 > 几种并发服务器模型的实现：多线程，多进程，select，poll，epoll
几种并发服务器模型的实现：多线程，多进程，select，poll，epoll
#include <stdio.h>#include <stdlib.h>#include <string.h>#include <unistd.h>#include <errno.h>#include <sys/types.h>#include <sys/stat.h>#include <sys/socket.h>#include <arpa/inet.h>#include "rio.h"#include <signal.h>#include <pthread.h>#define ERR_EXIT(m) do { perror(m); exit(EXIT_FAILURE); }while(0)static void do_service(int fd){ rio_t rt; rio_init(&rt, fd); char recvbuf[1024] = {0}; int ret; int rcnt = 0; while(1) { memset(recvbuf, 0, sizeof recvbuf); ret = rio_readline(&rt, recvbuf, 1024); if(ret == 0) { close(fd); break; } write(fd, recvbuf, strlen(recvbuf)) ; }}void handle(int signum){ printf("hello\n");}void *pthread_func(void *arg){ pthread_detach(pthread_self()); int *q = (int*)arg; int p = *(int*)arg; free(q); do_service(p); close(p);}int listenf();int main(int argc, const char *argv[]){ if(signal(SIGPIPE, handle) == SIG_ERR) ERR_EXIT("signal"); int listenfd = listenf(); struct sockaddr_in cliaddr; bzero(&cliaddr, sizeof(cliaddr)); socklen_t cli_len = sizeof cliaddr; int clientfd; while(1) { clientfd = accept(listenfd, (struct sockaddr*)&cliaddr, &cli_len); if(clientfd == -1) { close(listenfd); ERR_EXIT("accept"); } pthread_t tid; int *p = (int*)malloc(sizeof(int)); *p = clientfd; pthread_create(&tid, NULL, pthread_func, p); } close(listenfd); return 0;}int listenf(){ int listenfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);//准备一个socketfd if(listenfd == -1 ) ERR_EXIT("listen"); int on = 1; if(setsockopt(listenfd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &on, sizeof(on)) == -1)//setsockopt设置端口复用 { close(listenfd); ERR_EXIT("setsockopt"); } struct sockaddr_in seraddr; seraddr.sin_family = AF_INET; seraddr.sin_port = htons(8888); seraddr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY); socklen_t len = sizeof(seraddr); if(bind(listenfd, (struct sockaddr*)&seraddr, len) == -1)//监听socket端口， { close(listenfd); ERR_EXIT("bind"); } if(listen(listenfd, 6) == -1) { close(listenfd); ERR_EXIT("listen"); }return listenfd;}
客户端使用select模型：
1 #include <stdio.h> 2 #include <stdlib.h> 3 #include <string.h> 4 #include <errno.h> 5 #include <sys/types.h> 6 #include <sys/socket.h> 7 #include <netinet/in.h> 8 #include <arpa/inet.h> 9 #include <sys/select.h> 10 #include <signal.h> 11 12 #define ERR_EXIT(m) 13 do { 14 perror(m); 15 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 16 }while(0) 17 18 static void do_client(int fd) 19 { 20 char recvbuf[MAXLINE + 1] = {0}; 21 char sendbuf[MAXLINE + 1] = {0}; 22 23 fd_set reade, ready; 24 FD_ZERO(&reade); 25 int fd_stdin = fileno(stdin); 26 FD_SET(fd_stdin, &reade); 27 FD_SET(fd, &reade); 28 int fd_max = (fd_stdin > fd) ? fd_stdin : fd; 29 30 int ret; 31 while(1) 32 { 33 ready = reade; 34 ret = select( fd_max+1, &ready, NULL, NULL, NULL);//轮询 35 if(ret == -1) 36 { 37 if(errno == EINTR) 38 continue; 39 ERR_EXIT("select"); 40 }else if(ret == 0) 41 { 42 continue; 43 } 44 45 if(FD_ISSET(fd_stdin, &ready)) 46 { 47 if(fgets(sendbuf, sizeof(sendbuf), stdin) == NULL) 48 { 49 close(fd); 50 break; 51 }else 52 { 53 if( -1 == write(fd, sendbuf, strlen(sendbuf))) 54 printf("write\n"); 55 } 56 } 57 58 59 if(FD_ISSET(fd, &ready)) 60 { 61 int nread = read(fd, recvbuf, MAXLINE); 62 if(nread < 0) 63 ERR_EXIT("read"); 64 if(nread == 0)//如果没接收到消息，打印关闭描述符，退出循环 65 { 66 fprintf(stdout, "fd close\n"); 67 break; 68 } 69 fprintf(stdout, "receive:%s", recvbuf); 70 } 71 memset(recvbuf, 0, sizeof recvbuf); 72 memset(sendbuf, 0, sizeof sendbuf); 73 } 74 } 75 void handle(int signum) 76 { 77 printf("sigpipe\n"); 78 } 79 80 int main(int argc, const char *argv[]) 81 { 82 signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN); 83 int fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0); 84 if(fd < 0) 85 ERR_EXIT("socket"); 86 87 struct sockaddr_in cliaddr; 88 cliaddr.sin_family = AF_INET; 89 cliaddr.sin_port = htons(8888); 90 cliaddr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1"); 91 socklen_t len = sizeof cliaddr; 92 93 int ret ; 94 if((ret = connect(fd, (struct sockaddr*)&cliaddr, len)) == -1) 95 { 96 close(fd); 97 ERR_EXIT("connect"); 98 } 99 do_client(fd);100 close(fd);101 return 0;102 }
1.并发多线程服务器
#include <stdio.h>#include <stdlib.h>#include <string.h>#include <unistd.h>#include <errno.h>#include <sys/types.h>#include <sys/stat.h>#include <sys/socket.h>#include <arpa/inet.h>#include "rio.h"//封装了网络编程中的readn writen readline 3个函数#include <signal.h>#define ERR_EXIT(m) do { perror(m); exit(EXIT_FAILURE); }while(0)static void do_service(int fd){ rio_t rt; rio_init(&rt, fd); char recvbuf[1024] = {0}; int ret; while(1) { memset(recvbuf, 0, sizeof recvbuf); ret = rio_readline(&rt, recvbuf, 1024); if(ret == 0) { close(fd); exit(EXIT_SUCCESS); } rio_writen(fd, recvbuf, strlen(recvbuf)) ; }}void handle(int signum)//对SIGCHLD信号的处理函数{ while(waitpid(-1, NULL, WNOHANG) > 0); return ;}int listenf();//封装了socket,bind,listen3个函数，返回需要监听的连接socket描述符int main(int argc, const char *argv[]){ if(signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN) == SIG_ERR)//对客户端关闭导致的信号的处理 ERR_EXIT("signal_pipe"); if(signal(SIGCHLD, handle) == SIG_ERR)//对子进程结束后资源的回收 ERR_EXIT("signal_chld"); int listenfd = listenf(); struct sockaddr_in cliaddr; bzero(&cliaddr, sizeof(cliaddr)); socklen_t cli_len = sizeof cliaddr; int clientfd; while(1) { clientfd = accept(listenfd, (struct sockaddr*)&cliaddr, &cli_len); if(clientfd == -1) { close(listenfd); ERR_EXIT("accept"); } int pid; if((pid = fork()) == -1) { ERR_EXIT("fork"); }else if(pid == 0) { close(listenfd); do_service(clientfd); exit(EXIT_SUCCESS); } close(clientfd); } close(listenfd); return 0;}int listenf(){ int listenfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);//准备一个socketfd if(listenfd == -1 ) ERR_EXIT("socket"); int on = 1; if(setsockopt(listenfd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &on, sizeof(on)) == -1)//setsockopt设置端口复用 { close(listenfd); ERR_EXIT("setsockopt"); } struct sockaddr_in seraddr; seraddr.sin_family = AF_INET; seraddr.sin_port = htons(8888); seraddr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY); socklen_t len = sizeof(seraddr); if(bind(listenfd, (struct sockaddr*)&seraddr, len) == -1)//监听socket端口， { close(listenfd); ERR_EXIT("bind"); } if(listen(listenfd, 6) == -1) { close(listenfd); ERR_EXIT("listen"); } return listenfd;}2.多线程服务器模型：
#include <stdio.h>#include <stdlib.h>#include <string.h>#include <unistd.h>#include <errno.h>#include <sys/types.h>#include <sys/stat.h>#include <sys/socket.h>#include <arpa/inet.h>#include "rio.h"#include <signal.h>#include <pthread.h>#define ERR_EXIT(m) do { perror(m); exit(EXIT_FAILURE); }while(0)static void do_service(int fd){ rio_t rt; rio_init(&rt, fd); char recvbuf[1024] = {0}; int ret; int rcnt = 0; while(1) { memset(recvbuf, 0, sizeof recvbuf); ret = rio_readline(&rt, recvbuf, 1024); if(ret == 0) { close(fd);// break; pthread_exit(NULL); } write(fd, recvbuf, strlen(recvbuf)) ; }}void handle(int signum){ printf("hello\n");}void *pthread_func(void *arg){ pthread_detach(pthread_self()); int *q = (int*)arg; int p = *(int*)arg; free(q); do_service(p); close(p);}int listenf();int main(int argc, const char *argv[]){ if(signal(SIGPIPE, handle) == SIG_ERR) ERR_EXIT("signal"); int listenfd = listenf(); struct sockaddr_in cliaddr; bzero(&cliaddr, sizeof(cliaddr)); socklen_t cli_len = sizeof cliaddr; int clientfd; while(1) { clientfd = accept(listenfd, (struct sockaddr*)&cliaddr, &cli_len); if(clientfd == -1) { close(listenfd); ERR_EXIT("accept"); } pthread_t tid; int *p = (int*)malloc(sizeof(int)); *p = clientfd; pthread_create(&tid, NULL, pthread_func, p); } close(listenfd); return 0;}int listenf(){ int listenfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);//准备一个socketfd if(listenfd == -1 ) ERR_EXIT("listen"); int on = 1; if(setsockopt(listenfd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &on, sizeof(on)) == -1)//setsockopt设置端口复用 { close(listenfd); ERR_EXIT("setsockopt"); } struct sockaddr_in seraddr; seraddr.sin_family = AF_INET; seraddr.sin_port = htons(8888); seraddr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY); socklen_t len = sizeof(seraddr); if(bind(listenfd, (struct sockaddr*)&seraddr, len) == -1)//监听socket端口， { close(listenfd); ERR_EXIT("bind"); } if(listen(listenfd, 6) == -1) { close(listenfd); ERR_EXIT("listen"); }return listenfd;}3.select服务器模型：
1 #include <stdio.h> 2 #include <stdlib.h> 3 #include <string.h> 4 #include <unistd.h> 5 #include <errno.h> 6 #include <sys/types.h> 7 #include <sys/stat.h> 8 #include <sys/socket.h> 9 #include <arpa/inet.h> 10 #include <signal.h> 11 #include <sys/select.h> 12 #define MAXLEN 1024 13 14 #define ERR_EXIT(m) 15 do { 16 perror(m); 17 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 18 }while(0) 19 20 int listenf();//封装了网络socket的socekt,bind,listen函数，返回监听的socket描述符 21 void handle(int signum)//SIGPIPE（子进程结束）的信号的处理 22 { 23 printf("hello\n"); 24 } 25 static void do_select(int); 26 27 int main(int argc, const char *argv[]) 28 { 29 if(signal(SIGPIPE, handle) == SIG_ERR) 30 ERR_EXIT("signal"); 31 int listenfd = listenf(); 32 do_select(listenfd); 33 close(listenfd); 34 return 0; 35 } 36 37 int listenf() 38 { 39 int listenfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);//准备一个socketfd 40 if(listenfd == -1 ) 41 ERR_EXIT("listen"); 42 43 int on = 1; 44 if(setsockopt(listenfd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &on, sizeof(on)) == -1)//setsockopt设置端口复用 45 { 46 close(listenfd); 47 ERR_EXIT("setsockopt"); 48 } 49 50 struct sockaddr_in seraddr; 51 seraddr.sin_family = AF_INET; 52 seraddr.sin_port = htons(8888); 53 seraddr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY); 54 socklen_t len = sizeof(seraddr); 55 if(bind(listenfd, (struct sockaddr*)&seraddr, len) == -1)//监听socket端口， 56 { 57 close(listenfd); 58 ERR_EXIT("bind"); 59 } 60 61 if(listen(listenfd, 6) == -1) 62 { 63 close(listenfd); 64 ERR_EXIT("listen"); 65 } 66 return listenfd; 67 } 68 69 void do_select(int fd) 70 { 71 //struct sockaddr_in cliaddr; 72 //memset(&cliaddr, 0, sizeof(cliaddr));//此处不需要客户端的地址信息 73 fd_set set; 74 fd_set rset; 75 FD_ZERO(&rset); 76 FD_SET(fd, &rset); 77 int nready; 78 int fd_set[MAXLEN]; 79 80 int i; 81 for(i = 0;i < MAXLEN; ++i) 82 fd_set[i] = -1; 83 fd_set[0] = fd; 84 85 int maxi = fd;//初始最大轮询fd是监听的fd 86 int arrlen = 1;//表示数组长度 87 88 char recvbuf[1024] = {0}; 89 while(1) 90 { 91 set = rset; 92 nready = select(maxi+1, &set, NULL, NULL, NULL); 93 if(nready == -1) 94 { 95 ERR_EXIT("select"); 96 } 97 if(FD_ISSET(fd, &set))//查看书否有新的客户端请求 98 { 99 int clifd = accept(fd, NULL, NULL);100 if(clifd == -1)101 ERR_EXIT("accept");102 for(i = 1; i < MAXLEN; ++i)103 { if(fd_set[i] == -1)104 {105 fd_set[i] = clifd;106 break;107 }108 }109 FD_SET(clifd, &rset);110 if(clifd > maxi)111 maxi = clifd;112 arrlen++;113 --nready;114 }115 116 for(i = 1; i < arrlen; ++i)//轮询数据连接117 {118 int set_fd = fd_set[i];119 if(FD_ISSET(set_fd, &set))120 {121 int n = read(set_fd, recvbuf, 1024);122 if(n == -1)123 ERR_EXIT("read");124 else if(n == 0)//客户端退出，125 {126 FD_CLR(set_fd, &rset);127 close(set_fd);128 fd_set[i] = -1;129 arrlen--;130 }131 write(set_fd, recvbuf, strlen(recvbuf));132 memset(recvbuf, 0, 1024);133 if(--nready < 0)134 break;135 }136 }137 }138 }
4
1 #include <stdio.h> 2 #include <stdlib.h> 3 #include <string.h> 4 #include <unistd.h> 5 #include <errno.h> 6 #include <sys/types.h> 7 #include <sys/stat.h> 8 #include <sys/socket.h> 9 #include <arpa/inet.h> 10 #include <signal.h> 11 #include <poll.h> 12 #define MAXLEN 1024 13 14 #define ERR_EXIT(m) 15 do { 16 perror(m); 17 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 18 }while(0) 19 20 static void do_service(int); 21 int listenf(); 22 void handle(int signum) 23 { 24 printf("hello\n"); 25 } 26 static void do_poll(int); 27 28 int main(int argc, const char *argv[]) 29 { 30 if(signal(SIGPIPE, handle) == SIG_ERR) 31 ERR_EXIT("signal"); 32 int listenfd = listenf(); 33 do_poll(listenfd); 34 close(listenfd); 35 return 0; 36 } 37 38 int listenf() 39 { 40 int listenfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);//准备一个socketfd 41 if(listenfd == -1 ) 42 ERR_EXIT("listen"); 43 44 int on = 1; 45 if(setsockopt(listenfd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &on, sizeof(on)) == -1)//setsockopt设置端口复用 46 { 47 close(listenfd); 48 ERR_EXIT("setsockopt"); 49 } 50 51 struct sockaddr_in seraddr; 52 seraddr.sin_family = AF_INET; 53 seraddr.sin_port = htons(8888); 54 seraddr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY); 55 socklen_t len = sizeof(seraddr); 56 if(bind(listenfd, (struct sockaddr*)&seraddr, len) == -1)//监听socket端口， 57 { 58 close(listenfd); 59 ERR_EXIT("bind"); 60 } 61 62 if(listen(listenfd, 6) == -1) 63 { 64 close(listenfd); 65 ERR_EXIT("listen"); 66 } 67 return listenfd; 68 } 69 70 void do_poll(int fd) 71 { 72 struct pollfd pfd[MAXLEN];//设置的最大连接数，存放结构体信息 73 char recvbuf[1024] = {0}; 74 int i; 75 for(i = 0; i < MAXLEN; ++i) 76 pfd[i].fd = -1; 77 78 pfd[0].fd = fd; 79 pfd[0].events = POLLIN;//将监听连接的描述符防止数组开头 80 81 int nready; 82 int maxi = 0; 83 while(1) 84 { 85 nready = poll(pfd, maxi+1, -1);//轮询的是有效数组长度，不能少1 86 if(nready == -1) 87 { 88 ERR_EXIT("select"); 89 } 90 91 if(pfd[0].revents & POLLIN)//有客户端请求连接 92 { 93 int clifd = accept(fd, NULL, NULL); 94 if(clifd == -1) 95 ERR_EXIT("accept"); 96 for(i = 1; i < MAXLEN; ++i) 97 { 98 if(pfd[i].fd == -1) 99 {100 pfd[i].fd = clifd;101 pfd[i].events = POLLIN;102 break;103 }104 }105 if(i > maxi)106 maxi = i; 107 --nready;108 }109 110 for(i = 1; i <= maxi; ++i)111 {112 if(pfd[i].fd == -1)113 continue;114 115 if( pfd[i].revents & POLLIN)116 {117 int n = read(pfd[i].fd, recvbuf, 1024);118 if(n == -1)119 ERR_EXIT("read");120 else if(n == 0)//客户端退出,则从集合中清除121 {122 printf("%d close\n", pfd[i].fd);123 close(pfd[i].fd); 124 pfd[i].fd = -1;125 continue;126 }127 write(pfd[i].fd, recvbuf, strlen(recvbuf));128 memset(recvbuf, 0, 1024);129 130 if(--nready < 0)131 break;132 }133 }134 }135 }
5.epoll服务器模型：
1 #include <stdio.h> 2 #include <stdlib.h> 3 #include <string.h> 4 #include <unistd.h> 5 #include <errno.h> 6 #include <sys/types.h> 7 #include <sys/stat.h> 8 #include <sys/socket.h> 9 #include <arpa/inet.h> 10 #include <signal.h> 11 #include <sys/epoll.h> 12 #define MAXLEN 1024 13 14 #define ERR_EXIT(m) 15 do { 16 perror(m); 17 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 18 }while(0) 19 20 int listenf(); 21 static void do_epoll(int); 22 23 int main(int argc, const char *argv[]) 24 { 25 int listenfd = listenf(); 26 do_epoll(listenfd); 27 close(listenfd); 28 return 0; 29 } 30 31 int listenf() 32 { 33 int listenfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);//准备一个socketfd 34 if(listenfd == -1 ) 35 ERR_EXIT("listen"); 36 37 int on = 1; 38 if(setsockopt(listenfd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &on, sizeof(on)) == -1)//setsockopt设置端口复用 39 { 40 close(listenfd); 41 ERR_EXIT("setsockopt"); 42 } 43 44 struct sockaddr_in seraddr; 45 seraddr.sin_family = AF_INET; 46 seraddr.sin_port = htons(8888); 47 seraddr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY); 48 socklen_t len = sizeof(seraddr); 49 if(bind(listenfd, (struct sockaddr*)&seraddr, len) == -1)//监听socket端口， 50 { 51 close(listenfd); 52 ERR_EXIT("bind"); 53 } 54 55 if(listen(listenfd, 6) == -1) 56 { 57 close(listenfd); 58 ERR_EXIT("listen"); 59 } 60 return listenfd; 61 } 62 63 void do_epoll(int fd) 64 { 65 char recvbuf[MAXLEN] = {0}; 66 int epollfd = epoll_create(2048);//设置的最大连接数 67 if(epollfd == -1) 68 ERR_EXIT("epoll_create"); 69 70 struct epoll_event ev; 71 ev.data.fd = fd; 72 ev.events = EPOLLIN; 73 if(epoll_ctl(epollfd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, fd, &ev) == -1)//加入轮询 74 ERR_EXIT("epoll_ctl_add"); 75 76 struct epoll_event events[2048];//数组在epoll_wait返回结果的时候使用 77 int ret; 78 int i;//在下面while的for循环中遍历使用 79 int rfd; 80 int clientfd; 81 int nread; 82 while(1) 83 { 84 ret = epoll_wait(epollfd, events, 2048, -1); 85 if(ret == -1) 86 ERR_EXIT("epoll_wait"); 87 88 for(i = 0; i < ret; ++i ) 89 { 90 rfd = events[i].data.fd; 91 if(rfd == fd) 92 { 93 if((clientfd = accept(fd, NULL, NULL)) == -1) 94 ERR_EXIT("accept"); 95 ev.data.fd = clientfd; 96 ev.events = EPOLLIN; 97 if(epoll_ctl(epollfd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, clientfd, &ev) == -1) 98 ERR_EXIT("epoll_ctl"); 99 }else100 {101 int nread = read(rfd, recvbuf, MAXLEN);102 if(nread == -1)103 {104 if(errno == EINTR)105 continue;106 ERR_EXIT("read");107 }else if( nread == 0)//客户端退出，从epoll轮询中删除108 {109 printf("%d fd close\n", rfd);110 ev.data.fd = rfd;111 ev.events = EPOLLIN;112 if(epoll_ctl(epollfd, EPOLL_CTL_DEL, rfd, &ev) == -1)113 ERR_EXIT("epoll_ctl");114 }else115 {116 if(write(rfd, recvbuf, strlen(recvbuf)) == -1)117 ERR_EXIT("write");118 memset(recvbuf, 0, MAXLEN);119 }120 }121 }122 }123 close(epollfd);124 }
.poll服务器模型：
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