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用ORACHK自动化检查数据库系统的健壮性
1、orachk工具主要用途
（1）主动检查您的整个软件在操作系统、CRS、数据库、高可用等层面中的严重问题，以便于IT部门整改，提升系统的稳定性
（2）对于您系统中存在的风险提供简单化和合理化的诊断和分析建议。
（3）对系统中存在的健康风险提供汇总信息，并且能够向下钻取到特定的问题和对应的解决方案
（4）对检查结果进行量化评分（100分制），内容非常的全面，通过得分直观判断健康程度
2、运行注意要点
（1）orachk不支持在root用户下运行，需要在oracle或grid用户下运行
（2）如果检查RAC环境的健康，需要输入其它节点的root密码，如果各节点root密码相同，则只需输入一次即可
3、检查输出信息分级
序号 | 分级 | 意义 |
1 | FAIL | 严重的不合格的问题 |
2 | WARNING | 警告问题 |
3 | ERROR | 错误问题 |
4 | INFO | 参考信息 |
4、orachk下载
metalink文章 1268927.2 中提供下载，当前最新版本为ORA CHK2.2.5，不分平台，在linux、AIX等平台通用
5、orachk安装
5.1 创建一个orachk专用目录
创建一个orachk解压出来的众多文件，以及运行orachk产生的分析报告材料
[root@INFA oracle]# mkdir -p /home/oracle/orachk |
5.2、安装orachk
安装orachk很简单，只需要将orachk-2.2.5.zip解压缩出来即可
[root@INFA oracle]# cp orachk-2.2.5.zip /home/oracle/orachk/ [root@INFA oracle]# cd /home/oracle/orachk [root@INFA orachk]# unzip orachk-2.2.5.zip |
5.3、配置orachk目录权限
[root@INFA orachk]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /home/oracle/orachk [root@INFA orachk]# chmod -R 777 /home/oracle/orachk |
6、单实例环境运行orachk开展健康检查实例
（1）启动orachk检查： [oracle@INFA orachk]$ ./orachk List of running databases 1. infadb 2. None of above
Select databases from list for checking best practices. For multiple databases, select 1 for All or comma separated number like 1,2 etc [1-2][1].
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（2）输出过程记录（部分内容）： Checking Status of Oracle Software Stack - Clusterware, ASM, RDBMS
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Oracle Stack Status ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Host Name CRS Installed ASM HOME RDBMS Installed CRS UP ASM UP RDBMS UP DB Instance Name ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- infa No No Yes No No Yes infadb -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Copying plug-ins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
*** Checking Best Practice Recommendations (PASS/WARNING/FAIL) ***
Collections and audit checks log file is /home/oracle/orachk/orachk_infa_infadb_080214_023723/log/orachk.log
Checking for prompts in /home/oracle/.bash_profile on infa for oracle user... ============================================================= Node name - infa =============================================================
Collecting - Active sessions load balance for infadb database Collecting - Archived Destination Status for infadb database ...... Collecting - Memory Information Collecting - OS Packages Collecting - Operating system release information and kernel version Collecting - Patches for RDBMS Home Collecting - number of semaphore operations per semop system call
Data collections completed. Checking best practices on infa. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
INFO => user_dump_dest has trace files older than 30 days for infadb INFO => At some times checkpoints are not being completed for infadb WARNING => One or more redo log groups are NOT multiplexed for infadb WARNING => Shell limit soft nproc for DB is NOT configured according to recommendation ...... INFO => Consider investigating changes to the schema objects such as DDLs or new object creation for infadb INFO => Information about 11.2.0.3 support
Best Practice checking completed.Checking recommended patches on infa. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Collecting patch inventory on ORACLE_HOME /dba/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 Recommended RDBMS patches for 112030 from /dba/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1 on infa --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Patch# RDBMS ASM type Patch-Description --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 18031683 no merge DATABASE PATCH SET UPDATE 11.2.0.3.10 (INCLUDES CPUAPR2014) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- RDBMS homes patches summary report --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total patches Applied on RDBMS Applied on ASM ORACLE_HOME --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 0 0 /dba/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Detailed report (html) - /home/oracle/orachk/orachk_infa_infadb_080214_023723/orachk_infa_infadb_080214_023723.html
UPLOAD(if required) - /home/oracle/orachk/orachk_infa_infadb_080214_023723.zip |
详细输出结果已经打包成zip文件
7、RAC环境运行orachk开展健康检查
方法与单实例完全一样，不同的一点在于，需要在运行节点，输入远端节点的root密
8、输出结果示例（摘取部分内容）
（1）头部概述信息
Cluster Summary
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（2）database server检查输出部分
Database Server
Status | Type | Message | Status On | Details |
FAIL | Database Check | There should be no duplicate parameter entries in the database init.ora(spfile) file | XXdb1:ebiz | View |
FAIL | SQL Check | Table AUD$[FGA_LOG$] should use Automatic Segment Space Management for ebizsj | All Databases | View |
FAIL | SQL Check | Some bigfile tablespaces do not have non-default maxbytes values set | ebiz | View |
...... | ...... | ....... | ...... | ...... |
WARNING | SQL Check | Consider increasing the value of the session_cached_cursors database parameter | ebiz | View |
WARNING | OS Check | maximum number of processes user limit (ulimit -u) for current user is NOT set to recommended value 16384 or greater | All Database Servers | View |
...... | ...... | ...... | ...... | ...... |
（3）GRIDAND RDBMS Patch部分
GRID and RDBMS patch recommendation Detailed report
Detailed report for "XXdb1"
1 Recommended CRS patches for112030 from /u01/app/11.2.0.3/grid
Patch# | CRS | ASM | RDBMS | RDBMS_HOME | Patch-Description |
18139678 | not-applied | n/a | not-applied | merge | GRID INFRASTRUCTURE PATCH SET UPDATE 11.2.0.3.10 (INCLUDES DB PSU 11.2.0.3.10) |
Top
1 Recommended RDBMS patchesfor 112030 from /u01/app/oracle/11.2.0.3/db
Patch# | RDBMS | ASM | Type | Patch-Description |
18139678 | not-applied | n/a | merge | GRID INFRASTRUCTURE PATCH SET UPDATE 11.2.0.3.10 (INCLUDES DB PSU 11.2.0.3.10) |
......
本文作者：黎俊杰（网名：踩点），从事”系统架构、操作系统、存储设备、数据库、中间件、应用程序“六个层面系统性的性能优化工作
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