4  安装Oracle前的准备

4.1 基本配置

4.1.1 关闭防火墙

[root@oracle ~]# service iptables stop

iptables: Setting chains to policy ACCEPT: filter [ OK ]

iptables: Flushing firewall rules: [ OK ]

iptables: Unloading modules: [ OK ]

关闭iptables开机自启动功能

[root@oracle ~]# chkconfig iptables off

[root@oracle ~]# setup

1）如下图所示，选择Firewall configuration，敲击回车键。

2）如下图所示，取消选中Enabled，选择OK，敲击回车键。

3）如下图所示，选择Yes，敲击回车键。

4）如下图所示，选择Quit，敲击回车键。

[root@oracle ~]# service iptables status

iptables: Firewall is not running.

4.1.2 关闭selinux

修改/etc/selinux/config文件如下内容：

将SELINUX=enforcing更改成SELINUX=disabled。

[root@oracle ~]# vi /etc/selinux/config

# This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.

# SELINUX= can take one of these three values:

# enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.

# permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.

# disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.

SELINUX=disabled

# SELINUXTYPE= can take one of these two values:

# targeted - Targeted processes are protected,

# mls - Multi Level Security protection.

SELINUXTYPE=targeted

[root@oracle ~]# setenforce 0

[root@oracle ~]# getenforce

Permissive

[root@oracle ~]# /usr/sbin/sestatus -v

SELinux status: enabled

SELinuxfs mount: /selinux

Current mode: permissive

Mode from config file: disabled

Policy version: 24

Policy from config file: targeted

Process contexts:

Current context: unconfined_u:unconfined_r:unconfined_t:s0-s0:c0.c1023

Init context: system_u:system_r:init_t:s0

/sbin/mingetty system_u:system_r:getty_t:s0

/usr/sbin/sshd system_u:system_r:sshd_t:s0-s0:c0.c1023

File contexts:

Controlling term: unconfined_u:object_r:user_devpts_t:s0

/etc/passwd system_u:object_r:etc_t:s0

/etc/shadow system_u:object_r:shadow_t:s0

/bin/bash system_u:object_r:shell_exec_t:s0

/bin/login system_u:object_r:login_exec_t:s0

/bin/sh system_u:object_r:bin_t:s0 -> system_u:object_r:shell_exec_t:s0

/sbin/agetty system_u:object_r:getty_exec_t:s0

/sbin/init system_u:object_r:init_exec_t:s0

/sbin/mingetty system_u:object_r:getty_exec_t:s0

/usr/sbin/sshd system_u:object_r:sshd_exec_t:s0

[root@oracle ~]# reboot

Broadcast message from root@oracle.kely.com

(/dev/pts/0) at 20:30 ...

The system is going down for reboot NOW!

[root@oracle ~]# getenforce

Disabled

[root@oracle ~]# /usr/sbin/sestatus -v

SELinux status: disabled

4.1.3 配置hosts文件

在/etc/hosts文件的最后一行添加如下内容：

192.168.0.18 oracle oracle.kely.com

[root@oracle ~]# vi /etc/hosts

192.168.0.18 oracle oracle.kely.com

[root@oracle ~]# ping oracle

PING oracle (192.168.0.18) 56(84) bytes of data.

64 bytes from oracle (192.168.0.18): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.035 ms

64 bytes from oracle (192.168.0.18): icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.020 ms

^C

--- oracle ping statistics ---

5 packets transmitted, 5 received, 0% packet loss, time 4587ms

rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.020/0.034/0.039/0.008 ms

[root@oracle ~]# ping oracle.kely.com

PING oracle (192.168.0.18) 56(84) bytes of data.

64 bytes from oracle (192.168.0.18): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.011 ms

64 bytes from oracle (192.168.0.18): icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.017 ms

^C

--- oracle ping statistics ---

2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1428ms

rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.011/0.014/0.017/0.003 ms

4.2 创建Oracle用户群组

[root@oracle ~]# groupadd oinstall

[root@oracle ~]# groupadd dba

[root@oracle ~]# useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle

将oracle用户的密码更改为1qaz@WSX。

[root@oracle ~]# passwd oracle

Changing password for user oracle.

New password:

BAD PASSWORD: it is based on a dictionary word

Retype new password:

passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.

[root@oracle ~]# id oracle

uid=500(oracle) gid=501(oinstall) groups=501(oinstall),502(dba)

4.3 创建Logic Volume

1）如下图所示，依次选择虚拟机 -- 编辑设置。

2）如下图所示，单击添加。

3）如下图所示，选择硬盘，单击下一步。

4）如下图所示，缺省选择，单击下一步。

5）如下图所示，修改容量（50G），磁盘置备（Thin Provision），单击下一步。

6）如下图所示，缺省选择，单击下一步。

7）如下图所示，单击完成。

8）如下图所示，可以看到新添加的硬盘，单击确定。

9）如下图所示，在硬件设备中出现了硬盘2，说明新建的硬盘已经生效。

查看新添加硬盘是否被系统正确加载。

[root@oracle ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes

64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 20480 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00043aa4

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sda1 * 2 201 204800 83 Linux

/dev/sda2 202 20480 20765696 8e Linux LVM

Disk /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root: 14.8 GB, 14818476032 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1801 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Disk /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_swap: 6442 MB, 6442450944 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 783 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Disk /dev/sdb: 53.7 GB, 53687091200 bytes

64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 51200 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

将/dev/sdb创建成LVM设备。

[root@oracle ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb

Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel

Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x236668f6.

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.

After that, of course, the previous content won‘t be recoverable.

Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)

WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It‘s strongly recommended to

switch off the mode (command ‘c‘) and change display units to

sectors (command ‘u‘).

Command (m for help): n

Command action

e extended

p primary partition (1-4)

p

Partition number (1-4): 1

First cylinder (1-51200, default 1):

Using default value 1

Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-51200, default 51200):

Using default value 51200

Command (m for help): t

Selected partition 1

Hex code (type L to list codes): 8e

Changed system type of partition 1 to 8e (Linux LVM)

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sdb: 53.7 GB, 53687091200 bytes

64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 51200 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x236668f6

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sdb1 1 51200 52428784 8e Linux LVM

Command (m for help): w

The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

Syncing disks.

使分区表即可生效。

[root@oracle ~]# partprobe

将/dev/sdb1创建成Physical Volume。

[root@oracle ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb1

Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created

查看系统Volume Group信息。

[root@oracle ~]# vgdisplay

--- Volume group ---

VG Name VolGroup

System ID

Format lvm2

Metadata Areas 1

Metadata Sequence No 3

VG Access read/write

VG Status resizable

MAX LV 0

Cur LV 2

Open LV 2

Max PV 0

Cur PV 1

Act PV 1

VG Size 19.80 GiB

PE Size 4.00 MiB

Total PE 5069

Alloc PE / Size 5069 / 19.80 GiB

Free PE / Size 0 / 0

VG UUID rHlSfU-3A4e-pO0W-winf-O7qQ-NUyZ-bQkPcZ

将/dev/sdb1添加到VolGroup中。

[root@oracle ~]# vgextend VolGroup /dev/sdb1

Volume group "VolGroup" successfully extended

[root@oracle ~]# vgdisplay

--- Volume group ---

VG Name VolGroup

System ID

Format lvm2

Metadata Areas 2

Metadata Sequence No 4

VG Access read/write

VG Status resizable

MAX LV 0

Cur LV 2

Open LV 2

Max PV 0

Cur PV 2

Act PV 2

VG Size 69.80 GiB

PE Size 4.00 MiB

Total PE 17868

Alloc PE / Size 5069 / 19.80 GiB

Free PE / Size 12799 / 50.00 GiB

VG UUID rHlSfU-3A4e-pO0W-winf-O7qQ-NUyZ-bQkPcZ

创建大小为20G的lv_u01，并归属于VolGroup。

[root@oracle ~]# lvcreate -L 20G -n lv_u01 VolGroup

Logical volume "lv_u01" created

将lv_u01格式化为ext4文件系统。

[root@oracle ~]# mkfs -t ext4 /dev/VolGroup/lv_u01

mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)

Filesystem label=

OS type: Linux

Block size=4096 (log=2)

Fragment size=4096 (log=2)

Stride=0 blocks, Stripe blocks

1310720 inodes, 5242880 blocks

262144 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user

First data block=0

Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296

160 block groups

32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group

8192 inodes per group

Superblock backups stored on blocks:

32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,

4096000

Writing inode tables: done

Creating journal (32768 blocks): done

Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

This filesystem will be automatically checked every 36 mounts or

180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

[root@oracle ~]# mkdir /u01

[root@oracle ~]# mount /dev/VolGroup/lv_u01 /u01/

[root@oracle ~]# df -h

Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root 14G 3.0G 10G 24% /

tmpfs 2.0G 72K 2.0G 1% /dev/shm

/dev/sda1 194M 35M 150M 19% /boot

/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_u01 20G 172M 19G 1% /u01

[root@oracle ~]# vi /etc/fstab

#

# /etc/fstab

# Created by anaconda on Wed May 14 08:05:01 2014

#

# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under ‘/dev/disk‘

# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info

#

/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root / ext4 defaults 1 1

UUID=a62aef67-7dbb-4d8b-9d9a-9e035806fe05 /boot ext4 defaults 1 2

/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_swap swap swap defaults 0 0

tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0

devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0

sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0

proc /proc proc defaults 0 0

/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_u01 /u01 ext4 defaults 0 0

[root@oracle ~]# lvcreate -L 15G -n lv_temp VolGroup

Logical volume "lv_temp" created

[root@oracle ~]# mkfs -t ext4 /dev/VolGroup/lv_temp

mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)

Filesystem label=

OS type: Linux

Block size=4096 (log=2)

Fragment size=4096 (log=2)

Stride=0 blocks, Stripe blocks

983040 inodes, 3932160 blocks

196608 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user

First data block=0

Maximum filesystem blocks=4026531840

120 block groups

32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group

8192 inodes per group

Superblock backups stored on blocks:

32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208

Writing inode tables: done

Creating journal (32768 blocks): done

Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

This filesystem will be automatically checked every 24 mounts or

180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

[root@oracle ~]# mkdir /temp

[root@oracle ~]# mount /dev/VolGroup/lv_temp /temp/

[root@oracle ~]# df -h

Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root 14G 3.0G 10G 24% /

tmpfs 2.0G 72K 2.0G 1% /dev/shm

/dev/sda1 194M 35M 150M 19% /boot

/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_u01 20G 172M 19G 1% /u01

/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_temp 15G 166M 14G 2% /temp

[root@oracle ~]# vi /etc/fstab

#

# /etc/fstab

# Created by anaconda on Wed May 14 08:05:01 2014

#

# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under ‘/dev/disk‘

# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info

#

/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root / ext4 defaults 1 1

UUID=a62aef67-7dbb-4d8b-9d9a-9e035806fe05 /boot ext4 defaults 1 2

/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_swap swap swap defaults 0 0

tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0

devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0

sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0

proc /proc proc defaults 0 0

/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_u01 /u01 ext4 defaults 0 0

/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_temp /temp ext4 defaults 0 0

[root@oracle ~]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01

[root@oracle ~]# chmod -R 775 /u01/

[root@oracle ~]# ls -l / | grep u01

drwxrwxr-x 3 oracle oinstall 4096 May 14 22:19 u01

[root@oracle ~]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /temp/

[root@oracle ~]# chmod -R 775 /temp/

[root@oracle ~]# ls -l / | grep temp

drwxrwxr-x 4 oracle oinstall 4096 May 14 21:35 temp

4.4 安装必须的RPM包

备注：

The following or later version of packages for Oracle Linux 6, and Red Hat

Enterprise Linux 6 must be installed:

binutils-2.20.51.0.2-5.11.el6 (x86_64)

compat-libcap1-1.10-1 (x86_64)

compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6 (x86_64)

compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.i686

gcc-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)

gcc-c++-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)

glibc-2.12-1.7.el6 (i686)

glibc-2.12-1.7.el6 (x86_64)

glibc-devel-2.12-1.7.el6 (x86_64)

glibc-devel-2.12-1.7.el6.i686

pdksh

libgcc-4.4.4-13.el6 (i686)

libgcc-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)

libstdc++-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)

libstdc++-4.4.4-13.el6.i686

libstdc++-devel-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)

libstdc++-devel-4.4.4-13.el6.i686

libaio-0.3.107-10.el6 (x86_64)

libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.i686

libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6 (x86_64)

libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.i686

make-3.81-19.el6

sysstat-9.0.4-11.el6 (x86_64)

pdksh-5.2.14-37.el5_8.1.x86_64

On Oracle Linux 6 and Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6:

unixODBC-2.2.14-11.el6 (x86_64)or later

unixODBC-2.2.14-11.el6.i686or later

unixODBC-devel-2.2.14-11.el6 (x86_64)or later

unixODBC-devel-2.2.14-11.el6.i686or later

4.4.1 配置本地YUM源

[root@oracle ~]# mkdir /temp/yum

[root@oracle ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/

mount: block device /dev/sr0 is write-protected, mounting read-only

[root@oracle ~]# ls /mnt/

EFI Packages RELEASE-NOTES-pa-IN.html

EULA README RELEASE-NOTES-pt-BR.html

EULA_de RELEASE-NOTES-as-IN.html RELEASE-NOTES-ru-RU.html

EULA_en RELEASE-NOTES-bn-IN.html RELEASE-NOTES-si-LK.html

EULA_es RELEASE-NOTES-de-DE.html RELEASE-NOTES-ta-IN.html

EULA_fr RELEASE-NOTES-en-US.html RELEASE-NOTES-te-IN.html

EULA_it RELEASE-NOTES-es-ES.html RELEASE-NOTES-zh-CN.html

EULA_ja RELEASE-NOTES-fr-FR.html RELEASE-NOTES-zh-TW.html

EULA_ko RELEASE-NOTES-gu-IN.html repodata

EULA_pt RELEASE-NOTES-hi-IN.html ResilientStorage

EULA_zh RELEASE-NOTES-it-IT.html RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-beta

GPL RELEASE-NOTES-ja-JP.html RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release

HighAvailability RELEASE-NOTES-kn-IN.html ScalableFileSystem

images RELEASE-NOTES-ko-KR.html Server

isolinux RELEASE-NOTES-ml-IN.html TRANS.TBL

LoadBalancer RELEASE-NOTES-mr-IN.html

media.repo RELEASE-NOTES-or-IN.html

[root@oracle ~]# cp -rfv /mnt/* /temp/yum/

[root@oracle ~]# ls /temp/yum/

EFI Packages RELEASE-NOTES-pa-IN.html

EULA README RELEASE-NOTES-pt-BR.html

EULA_de RELEASE-NOTES-as-IN.html RELEASE-NOTES-ru-RU.html

EULA_en RELEASE-NOTES-bn-IN.html RELEASE-NOTES-si-LK.html

EULA_es RELEASE-NOTES-de-DE.html RELEASE-NOTES-ta-IN.html

EULA_fr RELEASE-NOTES-en-US.html RELEASE-NOTES-te-IN.html

EULA_it RELEASE-NOTES-es-ES.html RELEASE-NOTES-zh-CN.html

EULA_ja RELEASE-NOTES-fr-FR.html RELEASE-NOTES-zh-TW.html

EULA_ko RELEASE-NOTES-gu-IN.html repodata

EULA_pt RELEASE-NOTES-hi-IN.html ResilientStorage

EULA_zh RELEASE-NOTES-it-IT.html RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-beta

GPL RELEASE-NOTES-ja-JP.html RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release

HighAvailability RELEASE-NOTES-kn-IN.html ScalableFileSystem

images RELEASE-NOTES-ko-KR.html Server

isolinux RELEASE-NOTES-ml-IN.html TRANS.TBL

LoadBalancer RELEASE-NOTES-mr-IN.html

media.repo RELEASE-NOTES-or-IN.html

[root@oracle ~]# cp /etc/yum.repos.d/rhel-source.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/local-source.repo

[root@oracle ~]# vi /etc/yum.repos.d/local-source.repo

[local-source]

name=Local-Source

baseurl=file:///temp/yum/Server

enabled=1

gpgcheck=0

gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release

[root@oracle ~]# yum list

[root@oracle ~]# umount /dev/cdrom

[root@oracle ~]# df -h

Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root 14G 3.1G 9.9G 24% /

tmpfs 2.0G 80K 2.0G 1% /dev/shm

/dev/sda1 194M 35M 150M 19% /boot

/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_u01 20G 172M 19G 1% /u01

/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_temp 15G 3.8G 11G 27% /temp

/dev/sr0 3.6G 3.6G 0 100% /media/RHEL_6.5 x86_64 Disc 1

[root@oracle ~]# umount /dev/sr0

4.4.2 检查并安装RPM包

[root@oracle ~]# rpm -qa | grep binutils

binutils-2.20.51.0.2-5.36.el6.x86_64

[root@oracle ~]# rpm -qa | grep compat-libcap1

[root@oracle ~]# yum install compat-libcap1-1.10-1.x86_64 -y

[root@oracle ~]# rpm -qa | grep compat-libstdc++

[root@oracle ~]# yum install compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.i686 -y

[root@oracle ~]# yum install compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.x86_64 -y

[root@oracle ~]# rpm -qa | grep gcc

libgcc-4.4.7-4.el6.x86_64

[root@oracle ~]# yum install gcc-4.4.7-4.el6.x86_64 -y

[root@oracle ~]# yum install gcc-c++-4.4.7-4.el6.x86_64 -y

[root@oracle ~]# rpm -qa | grep glibc

glibc-devel-2.12-1.132.el6.x86_64

glibc-2.12-1.132.el6.x86_64

glibc-common-2.12-1.132.el6.x86_64

glibc-headers-2.12-1.132.el6.x86_64

glibc-2.12-1.132.el6.i686

[root@oracle ~]# yum install glibc-devel-2.12-1.132.el6.i686 -y

[root@oracle ~]# rpm -qa | grep ksh

[root@oracle ~]# rpm -qa | grep libgcc

libgcc-4.4.7-4.el6.x86_64

libgcc-4.4.7-4.el6.i686

[root@oracle ~]# rpm -qa | grep libstdc++

compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.i686

libstdc++-4.4.7-4.el6.x86_64

compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.x86_64

libstdc++-devel-4.4.7-4.el6.x86_64

[root@oracle ~]# yum install libstdc++-4.4.7-4.el6.i686 -y

[root@oracle ~]# yum install libstdc++-devel-4.4.7-4.el6.i686 -y

[root@oracle ~]# rpm -qa | grep libaio

libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64

[root@oracle ~]# yum install libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.i686 -y

[root@oracle ~]# yum install libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.i686 -y

[root@oracle ~]# yum install libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64 -y

[root@oracle ~]# rpm -qa | grep make

make-3.81-20.el6.x86_64

[root@oracle ~]# rpm -qa | grep sysstat

sysstat-9.0.4-22.el6.x86_64

[root@oracle ~]# rpm -qa | grep unixODBC

[root@oracle ~]# yum install unixODBC-2.2.14-12.el6_3.i686 -y

[root@oracle ~]# yum install unixODBC-2.2.14-12.el6_3.x86_64 -y

[root@oracle ~]# yum install unixODBC-devel-2.2.14-12.el6_3.i686 -y

[root@oracle ~]# yum install unixODBC-devel-2.2.14-12.el6_3.x86_64 -y

[root@oracle ~]# rpm -qa | grep pdksh

[root@oracle ~]# cd /temp/

[root@oracle temp]# ls

lost+found pdksh-5.2.14-37.el5_8.1.x86_64.rpm yum

[root@oracle temp]# rpm -ivh pdksh-5.2.14-37.el5_8.1.x86_64.rpm

warning: pdksh-5.2.14-37.el5_8.1.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID e8562897: NOKEY

Preparing... ########################################### [100%]

1:pdksh ########################################### [100%]

4.5 配置内核参数

备注：

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576

fs.file-max = 6815744

kernel.shmall = 2097152

kernel.shmmax = 536870912

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

net.core.rmem_default = 262144

net.core.rmem_max = 4194304

net.core.wmem_default = 262144

net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

[root@oracle ~]# /sbin/sysctl -a | grep mem

vm.overcommit_memory = 0

vm.nr_hugepages_mempolicy = 0

vm.lowmem_reserve_ratio = 256 256 32

vm.memory_failure_early_kill = 0

vm.memory_failure_recovery = 1

net.core.wmem_max = 124928

net.core.rmem_max = 124928

net.core.wmem_default = 124928

net.core.rmem_default = 124928

net.core.optmem_max = 20480

net.ipv4.igmp_max_memberships = 20

net.ipv4.tcp_mem = 378336 504448 756672

net.ipv4.tcp_wmem = 4096 16384 4194304

net.ipv4.tcp_rmem = 4096 87380 4194304

net.ipv4.udp_mem = 378336 504448 756672

net.ipv4.udp_rmem_min = 4096

net.ipv4.udp_wmem_min = 4096

[root@oracle ~]# /sbin/sysctl -a | grep sem

kernel.sem = 250 32000 32 128

[root@oracle ~]# /sbin/sysctl -a | grep shm

kernel.shmmax = 68719476736

kernel.shmall = 4294967296

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.shm_rmid_forced = 0

vm.hugetlb_shm_group = 0

[root@oracle ~]# /sbin/sysctl -a | grep file-max

fs.file-max = 400512

[root@oracle ~]# /sbin/sysctl -a | grep ip_local_port_range

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 32768 61000

[root@oracle ~]# /sbin/sysctl -a | grep rmem_default

net.core.rmem_default = 124928

[root@oracle ~]# /sbin/sysctl -a | grep rmem_max

net.core.rmem_max = 124928

[root@oracle ~]# /sbin/sysctl -a | grep wmem_default

net.core.wmem_default = 124928

[root@oracle ~]# /sbin/sysctl -a | grep wmem_max

net.core.wmem_max = 124928

在/etc/sysctl.conf文件的最后添加如下内容：

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576

fs.file-max = 6815744

kernel.shmall = 2097152

kernel.shmmax = 2147483648

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

net.core.rmem_default = 262144

net.core.rmem_max = 4194304

net.core.wmem_default = 262144

net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

[root@oracle ~]# vi /etc/sysctl.conf

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576

fs.file-max = 6815744

kernel.shmall = 2097152

kernel.shmmax = 2147483648

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

net.core.rmem_default = 262144

net.core.rmem_max = 4194304

net.core.wmem_default = 262144

net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

[root@oracle ~]# sysctl -p

net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0

net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1

net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0

kernel.sysrq = 0

kernel.core_uses_pid = 1

net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1

error: "net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables" is an unknown key

error: "net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables" is an unknown key

error: "net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-arptables" is an unknown key

kernel.msgmnb = 65536

kernel.msgmax = 65536

kernel.shmmax = 68719476736

kernel.shmall = 4294967296

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576

fs.file-max = 6815744

kernel.shmall = 2097152

kernel.shmmax = 2147483648

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

net.core.rmem_default = 262144

net.core.rmem_max = 4194304

net.core.wmem_default = 262144

net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

4.6 配置oracle用户

备注：

oracle soft nproc 2047

oracle hard nproc 16384

oracle soft nofile 4096

oracle hard nofile 65536

oracle soft stack 10240

在/etc/security/limits.conf文件最后添加如下内容：

oracle soft nproc 2047

oracle hard nproc 16384

oracle soft nofile 4096

oracle hard nofile 65536

oracle soft stack 10240

[root@oracle ~]# vi /etc/security/limits.conf

oracle soft nproc 2047

oracle hard nproc 16384

oracle soft nofile 4096

oracle hard nofile 65536

oracle soft stack 10240

在/etc/pam.d/login文件最后添加如下内容：

session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so

session required pam_limits.so

[root@oracle ~]# vi /etc/pam.d/login

session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so

session required pam_limits.so

在/etc/profile文件最后添加如下内容：

if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then

if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then

        ulimit -p 16384

        ulimit -n 65536

else

        ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536

fi

fi

[root@oracle ~]# vi /etc/profile

if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then

if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then

        ulimit -p 16384

        ulimit -n 65536

else

        ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536

fi

fi

[root@oracle ~]# source /etc/profile

在/home/oracle/.bash_profile文件最后添加如下内容：

#Oracle Settings

TMP=/tmp; export TMP

TMPDIR=$TMP; export TMPDIR

ORACLE_HOSTNAME=oracle.kely.com; export ORACLE_HOSTNAME

ORACLE_UNQNAME=orcl; export ORACLE_UNQNAME

ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle; export ORACLE_BASE

ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1; export ORACLE_HOME

ORACLE_SID=orcl; export ORACLE_SID

PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH; export PATH

PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH; export PATH

LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib; export LD_LIBRARY_PATH

CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib; export CLASSPATH

[root@oracle ~]# vi /home/oracle/.bash_profile

#Oracle Settings

TMP=/tmp; export TMP

TMPDIR=$TMP; export TMPDIR

ORACLE_HOSTNAME=oracle.kely.com; export ORACLE_HOSTNAME

ORACLE_UNQNAME=orcl; export ORACLE_UNQNAME

ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle; export ORACLE_BASE

ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1; export ORACLE_HOME

ORACLE_SID=orcl; export ORACLE_SID

PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH; export PATH

PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH; export PATH

LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib; export LD_LIBRARY_PATH

CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib; export CLASSPATH

[root@oracle ~]# source /home/oracle/.bash_profile

[root@oracle ~]# su - oracle

[oracle@oracle ~]$ env | grep ORA

ORACLE_UNQNAME=orcl

ORACLE_SID=orcl

ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

ORACLE_HOSTNAME=oracle.kely.com

ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1