在java.net包描述中, 简要说明了一些关键的接口. 其中负责networking identifiers的是Addresses. 这个类的具体实现类是InetAddress, 底层封装了Inet4Address与Inet6Address的异同, 可以看成一个Facade工具类.

1. A Low Level API, which deals with the following abstractions:
2.         Addresses, which are networking identifiers, like IP addresses.
3.         Sockets, which are basic bidirectional data communication mechanisms.
4.         Interfaces, which describe network interfaces.

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在OpenJDK的InetAddress源码中, 根据dns或hostname解析IP的代码部分:

1. private static InetAddress[] getAllByName0 (String host, InetAddress reqAddr, boolean check)
2.         throws UnknownHostException  {
4.         /* If it gets here it is presumed to be a hostname */
5.         /* Cache.get can return: null, unknownAddress, or InetAddress[] */
7.         /* make sure the connection to the host is allowed, before we
8.          * give out a hostname
9.          */
10.         if (check) {
11.             SecurityManager security = System.getSecurityManager();
12.             if (security != null) {
13.                 security.checkConnect(host, -1);
14.             }
15.         }
17.         InetAddress[] addresses = getCachedAddresses(host);
19.         /* If no entry in cache, then do the host lookup */
20.         if (addresses == null) {
21.             addresses = getAddressesFromNameService(host, reqAddr);
22.         }
24.         if (addresses == unknown_array)
25.             throw new UnknownHostException(host);
27.         return addresses.clone();
28.     }

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关键的二个方法是:
getCachedAddresses(host);
getAddressesFromNameService(host, reqAddr);
前者从addressCache, 或negativeCache根据dns/hostname解析缓存的IP.
后者从遍历nameServices,调用每个NameService的lookupAllHostAddr(host)查找IP, 然后将host:IP缓存到前面的cache中.
根据上述, 实现动态解析DNS, 有二种方式:
1. 反射addressCache, 或negativeCache, 将host:IP通过Cache的put()方法放入.
2. 反射nameServices,将代理的NameService实例放入.
二种做法的难处:
1. addressCache, 或negativeCache都是 java.net.InetAddress.Cache, 其内部的CacheEntry受二组JVM选项影响:
networkaddress.cache.ttl
networkaddress.cache.negative.ttl
在ttl后, CacheEntry的get()只会返回null.
2. nameServices只是OpenJDK的实现. 换言之,只是SUN一家的. 其他JDK不用此属性名.
写段代码看看Jrockit与IBM JVM中InetAddress内部的属性:

1. Class<InetAddress> type = InetAddress.class;
3.                 Field[] fields = type.getDeclaredFields();
5.                 for (Field f : fields) {
6.                         System.out.println(f.getName() + ":" + f.getType());
7.                 }

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OpenJDK:

1. IPv4
2. IPv6
3. preferIPv6Address
4. holder
5. nameServices
6. canonicalHostName
7. serialVersionUID
8. addressCache
9. negativeCache
10. addressCacheInit
11. unknown_array
12. impl
13. lookupTable
14. cachedLocalHost
15. cacheTime
16. maxCacheTime
17. cacheLock
18. FIELDS_OFFSET
19. UNSAFE
20. serialPersistentFields
21. $assertionsDisabled

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JRockit:

1. IPv4
2. IPv6
3. preferIPv6Address
4. hostName
5. address
6. family
7. nameService
8. canonicalHostName
9. serialVersionUID
10. addressCache
11. negativeCache
12. addressCacheInit
13. unknown_array
14. impl
15. lookupTable
16. $assertionsDisabled

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IBM JDK

1. IPv4:int
2. IPv6:int
3. preferIPv6Address
4. hostName:class java.lang.String
5. address:int
6. family:int
7. nameService:interface sun.net.spi.nameservice.NameService
8. canonicalHostName:class java.lang.String
9. serialVersionUID:long
10. addressCache:class java.net.InetAddress$Cache
11. negativeCache:class java.net.InetAddress$Cache
12. localHostName:class java.lang.String
13. localHostNameLock:class java.lang.Object
14. cacheLocalHost:boolean
15. addressCacheInit:boolean
16. unknown_array:class [Ljava.net.InetAddress;
17. impl:interface java.net.InetAddressImpl
18. lookupTable:class java.util.HashMap
19. $assertionsDisabled:boolean

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看到这里, 知道蛋疼了吧. 三种JDK中,
OpenJDK中是nameservices是个List<NameService>,
Jrockit与IBM JVM中却是nameservice, 只是单独的NameService实例.
所以要用第2种做法, 你至少要满足这三种主流JDK的需求.
简单实现二种做法:
做法1, 动态替换AddressCache.
做法2, 动态代理NameService.
源码如下

1. 长度限制, 源码查看回贴.

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暂时测试到这吧, 有兴趣的同学可以一起完善. 争取同时满足OpenJDK, Jrockit, IBM JDK三种主流环境的DNS动态解析类.

Java动态替换InetAddress中DNS的做法简单分析1