1、系统环境

  centos-6.4  

  ipaddr: 10.240.240.114 gateway:10.240.240.1

2、关闭selinux  （关闭完之后最好进行一次重启）

  sed -i ‘/SELINUX/s/enforcing/disabled/‘ /etc/selinux/config

  关闭防火墙

  chkconfig iptables off

3、 配置obbler yum源

  rpm -Uvh ‘http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/epel/6/i386/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm‘

4、安装Cobbler基础包

  yum install -y cobbler tftp dhcp httpd cman pykickstart debmirror

5、安装Cobbler依赖包

 yum install -y ed patch perl perl-Compress-Zlib perl-Digest-SHA1 perl-LockFile-Simple perl-libwww-perl

6、将基础的服务配置成开机自启动

  chkconfig httpd on

  chkconfig dhcpd on

  chkconfig xinetd on

  chkconfig cobblerd on

7、修改httpd配置文件并启动httpd

  vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

  ServerName 127.0.0.1:80

  启动httpd进程

  service httpd start

  查看http进程启动情况

  netstat -ntulp | grep :80

8、启动Cobbler服务并执行检查命令

 [root@localhost ~]# service cobblerd start

 Starting cobbler daemon: [  OK  ]

 [root@localhost ~]# cobbler check

 The following are potential configuration items that you may want to fix:

 1 : The ‘server‘ field in /etc/cobbler/settings must be set to something other than localhost, or kickstarting features will not work.  This should be a resolvable hostname or IP for the boot server as reachable by all machines that will use it.

 2 : For PXE to be functional, the ‘next_server‘ field in /etc/cobbler/settings must be set to something other than 127.0.0.1, and should match the IP of the boot server on the PXE network.

 3 : some network boot-loaders are missing from /var/lib/cobbler/loaders, you may run ‘cobbler get-loaders‘ to download them, or, if you only want to handle x86/x86_64 netbooting, you may ensure that you have installed a *recent* version of the syslinux package installed and can ignore this message entirely.  Files in this directory, should you want to support all architectures, should include pxelinux.0, menu.c32, elilo.efi, and yaboot. The ‘cobbler get-loaders‘ command is the easiest way to resolve these requirements.

 4 : change ‘disable‘ to ‘no‘ in /etc/xinetd.d/rsync

 5 : comment out ‘dists‘ on /etc/debmirror.conf for proper debian support

 6 : comment out ‘arches‘ on /etc/debmirror.conf for proper debian support

 7 : The default password used by the sample templates for newly installed machines (default_password_crypted in /etc/cobbler/settings) is still set to ‘cobbler‘ and should be changed, try: "openssl passwd -1 -salt ‘random-phrase-here‘ ‘your-password-here‘" to generate new one

 Restart cobblerd and then run ‘cobbler sync‘ to apply changes.

 修改上面错误的方法如下：

(1).错误1，修改/etc/cobbler/settings 里面的 server 为Cobbler Server的IP地址 ；

  [root@localhost ~]  vim /etc/cobbler/settings

   server: 10.240.240.114

(2).错误2，修改/etc/cobbler/settings 里面的 next_serverw 为本机的 ip；

  [root@localhost ~] vim /etc/cobbler/settings

   next_server: 10.240.240.114

(3).错误3，据说这个错误可以忽略，有强迫完美运行症的人士可以运行以下命令来解决；

  [root@localhost ~]cobbler get-loaders

(4).错误4，修改/etc/xinetd.d/tftp 把‘disable‘ 修改为‘no‘；修改/etc/xinetd.d/rsync 把‘disable‘ 修改为‘no‘；

  [root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/xinetd.d/tftp

  disable     = no

  [root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/xinetd.d/rsync

  disable = no

  再次启动xinetd服务。

  [root@localhost ~]# service xinetd start

  正在启动 xinetd：           [确定]

(5).错误5与错误6，debmmirror有错误；

 [root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/debmirror.conf

  #注释掉@dists="sid"与@arches="i386即可

  #@dists="sid";

  #@arches="i386";

(6).错误7，设置默认root密码；

  注，刚接触Cobbler的博友会问，这个密码是什么密码。有的博友系统安装好了会问，root密码是什么。这里设置的就是客户端安装好系统的root密码。

  注，生成你想要的密码的加密字符串,然后复制运行命令之后的加密代码；

 [root@localhost ~]# openssl passwd -1 -salt ‘hahaha‘ ‘jiayuan.com‘

 $1$hahaha$hSxFjZSHRoiEn4DYrrGUI.

  注，然后替换/etc/cobbler/settings 中选项双引号中的加密代码；

 [root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/cobbler/settings

  default_password_crypted: "$1$hahaha$hSxFjZSHRoiEn4DYrrGUI."

9.重新启动Cobbler并运行检查命令

 [root@localhost ~]# service cobblerd restart

  Stopping cobbler daemon: [  OK  ]

  Starting cobbler daemon: [  OK  ]

 检查cobbler

 [root@localhost ~]# cobbler check

  No configuration problems found.  All systems go.

10、修改DHCP模板

  首先修改cobbler配置，让cobbler来管理dhcp服务，编辑文件/etc/cobbler/settings

   manage_dhcp: 1

 接下来修改/etc/cobbler/dhcp.template，此文件是cobbler管理dhcp的模板

 [root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/cobbler/dhcp.template

  subnet 10.240.240.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {

    option routers             10.240.240.1;

    option domain-name-servers 10.240.210.98;

    option subnet-mask         255.255.255.0;

    range dynamic-bootp        10.240.240.220 10.240.240.240;

    default-lease-time         21600;

    max-lease-time             43200;

    next-server                $next_server;

11、执行一下同步操作并检查配置文件

  [root@localhost ~]# cobbler sync

   task started: 2014-05-13_054240_sync

   task started (id=Sync, time=Tue May 13 05:42:40 2014)

   running pre-sync triggers

   cleaning trees

   mkdir: /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg

   mkdir: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub

   mkdir: /var/lib/tftpboot/s390x

   mkdir: /var/lib/tftpboot/ppc

   mkdir: /var/lib/tftpboot/etc

   removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/images

   copying bootloaders

   trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/pxelinux.0 -> /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.0

   trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/menu.c32 -> /var/lib/tftpboot/menu.c32

   trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/yaboot -> /var/lib/tftpboot/yaboot

   trying hardlink /usr/share/syslinux/memdisk -> /var/lib/tftpboot/memdisk

   trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86_64.efi -> /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86_64.efi

   trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86.efi -> /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86.efi

   copying distros to tftpboot

   copying images

   generating PXE configuration files

   generating PXE menu structure

   rendering TFTPD files

   generating /etc/xinetd.d/tftp

   cleaning link caches

   running post-sync triggers

   running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/*

   running python trigger cobbler.modules.sync_post_restart_services

   running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/*

   running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/*

   running python trigger cobbler.modules.scm_track

   running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/*

   *** TASK COMPLETE ***

   再次检查cobbler没问题发现

   [root@localhost ~]# cobbler check

   No configuration problems found.  All systems go.

12、把镜像挂载的目录

   [root@localhost ~]# mkdir /mnt/cdrom

   [root@localhost ~]# mount -o loop /dev/sr0 /mnt/cdrom/

   [root@localhost ~]# cd /mnt/cdrom/

   [root@localhost cdrom]# ls

   EFI               RELEASE-NOTES-as-IN.html  RELEASE-NOTES-kn-IN.html  RELEASE-NOTES-te-IN.html

   EULA              RELEASE-NOTES-bn-IN.html  RELEASE-NOTES-ko-KR.html  RELEASE-NOTES-zh-CN.html

   GPL               RELEASE-NOTES-de-DE.html  RELEASE-NOTES-ml-IN.html  RELEASE-NOTES-zh-TW.html

   HighAvailability  RELEASE-NOTES-en-US.html  RELEASE-NOTES-mr-IN.html  repodata

   images            RELEASE-NOTES-es-ES.html  RELEASE-NOTES-or-IN.html  ResilientStorage

   isolinux          RELEASE-NOTES-fr-FR.html  RELEASE-NOTES-pa-IN.html  RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-beta

   LoadBalancer      RELEASE-NOTES-gu-IN.html  RELEASE-NOTES-pt-BR.html  RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release

   media.repo        RELEASE-NOTES-hi-IN.html  RELEASE-NOTES-ru-RU.html  ScalableFileSystem

   Packages          RELEASE-NOTES-it-IT.html  RELEASE-NOTES-si-LK.html  Server

   README            RELEASE-NOTES-ja-JP.html  RELEASE-NOTES-ta-IN.html  TRANS.TBL

13、cobbler导入镜像

   [root@localhost ~]# cobbler import --path=/mnt/cdrom --name=Redhat-6.3 --arch=x86_64

task started: 2014-05-13_054601_import

task started (id=Media import, time=Tue May 13 05:46:01 2014)

Found a candidate signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel6

Found a matching signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel6

Adding distros from path /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/Redhat-6.3-x86_64:

creating new distro: Redhat-6.3-x86_64

trying symlink: /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/Redhat-6.3-x86_64 -> /var/www/cobbler/links/Redhat-6.3-x86_64

creating new profile: Redhat-6.3-x86_64

associating repos

checking for rsync repo(s)

checking for rhn repo(s)

checking for yum repo(s)

starting descent into /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/Redhat-6.3-x86_64 for Redhat-6.3-x86_64

processing repo at : /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/Redhat-6.3-x86_64

need to process repo/comps: /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/Redhat-6.3-x86_64

looking for /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/Redhat-6.3-x86_64/repodata/*comps*.xml

Keeping repodata as-is :/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/Redhat-6.3-x86_64/repodata

processing repo at : /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/Redhat-6.3-x86_64/Server

need to process repo/comps: /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/Redhat-6.3-x86_64/Server

looking for /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/Redhat-6.3-x86_64/Server/repodata/*comps*.xml

Keeping repodata as-is :/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/Redhat-6.3-x86_64/Server/repodata

processing repo at : /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/Redhat-6.3-x86_64/HighAvailability

need to process repo/comps: /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/Redhat-6.3-x86_64/HighAvailability

looking for /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/Redhat-6.3-x86_64/HighAvailability/repodata/*comps*.xml

Keeping repodata as-is :/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/Redhat-6.3-x86_64/HighAvailability/repodata

processing repo at : /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/Redhat-6.3-x86_64/LoadBalancer

need to process repo/comps: /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/Redhat-6.3-x86_64/LoadBalancer

looking for /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/Redhat-6.3-x86_64/LoadBalancer/repodata/*comps*.xml

Keeping repodata as-is :/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/Redhat-6.3-x86_64/LoadBalancer/repodata

processing repo at : /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/Redhat-6.3-x86_64/ResilientStorage

need to process repo/comps: /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/Redhat-6.3-x86_64/ResilientStorage

looking for /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/Redhat-6.3-x86_64/ResilientStorage/repodata/*comps*.xml

Keeping repodata as-is :/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/Redhat-6.3-x86_64/ResilientStorage/repodata

processing repo at : /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/Redhat-6.3-x86_64/ScalableFileSystem

need to process repo/comps: /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/Redhat-6.3-x86_64/ScalableFileSystem

looking for /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/Redhat-6.3-x86_64/ScalableFileSystem/repodata/*comps*.xml

Keeping repodata as-is :/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/Redhat-6.3-x86_64/ScalableFileSystem/repodata

*** TASK COMPLETE ***

查看cobbler列表

[root@localhost ~]#  cobbler list

distros:

  Redhat-6.3-x86_64

profiles:

  Redhat-6.3-x86_64

systems:

repos:

images:

mgmtclasses:

packages:

files:

14、查看一下导入镜像的详细信息

[root@localhost ~]# cobbler report

distros:

==========

Name                           : Redhat-6.3-x86_64

Architecture                   : x86_64

TFTP Boot Files                : {}

Breed                          : redhat

Comment                        :

Fetchable Files                : {}

Initrd                         : /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/Redhat-6.3-x86_64/images/pxeboot/initrd.img

Kernel                         : /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/Redhat-6.3-x86_64/images/pxeboot/vmlinuz

Kernel Options                 : {}

Kernel Options (Post Install)  : {}

Kickstart Metadata             : {‘tree‘: ‘http://@@http_server@@/cblr/links/Redhat-6.3-x86_64‘}

Management Classes             : []

OS Version                     : rhel6

Owners                         : [‘admin‘]

Red Hat Management Key         : <<inherit>>

Red Hat Management Server      : <<inherit>>

Template Files                 : {}

profiles:

==========

Name                           : Redhat-6.3-x86_64

TFTP Boot Files                : {}

Comment                        :

DHCP Tag                       : default

Distribution                   : Redhat-6.3-x86_64

Enable gPXE?                   : 0

Enable PXE Menu?               : 1

Fetchable Files                : {}

Kernel Options                 : {}

Kernel Options (Post Install)  : {}

Kickstart                      : /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/sample_end.ks

Kickstart Metadata             : {}

Management Classes             : []

Management Parameters          : <<inherit>>

Name Servers                   : []

Name Servers Search Path       : []

Owners                         : [‘admin‘]

Parent Profile                 :

Proxy                          :

Red Hat Management Key         : <<inherit>>

Red Hat Management Server      : <<inherit>>

Repos                          : []

Server Override                : <<inherit>>

Template Files                 : {}

Virt Auto Boot                 : 1

Virt Bridge                    : xenbr0

Virt CPUs                      : 1

Virt Disk Driver Type          : raw

Virt File Size(GB)             : 5

Virt Path                      :

Virt RAM (MB)                  : 512

Virt Type                      : kvm

systems:

==========

repos:

==========

images:

==========

mgmtclasses:

==========

packages:

==========

files:

==========

15、自定义kickstart文件

[root@localhost ~]# cd /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/

[root@localhost kickstarts]# vi redhat-6.3.ks  （名字可以自己定义）

install

#nfs --server=10.240.240.210 --dir=/mnt/cdrom

text

key --skip

keyboard us

lang en_US.UTF-8

skipx

network --device eth0 --bootproto dhcp

rootpw root

firewall --disabled

authconfig --enableshadow --enablemd5

selinux --disabled

timezone --utc Asia/Shanghai

url --url=$tree               #

$SNIPPET(‘network_config‘)    #上面这两部特别重要，网络的安装路径，用变量表示。

bootloader --location=mbr --driveorder=sda

zerombr yes

clearpart --all

part /boot --fstype ext4 --size=200

part /     --fstype ext4 --size=20000

part swap  --fstype swap --size=8192

part /u01  --fstype ext4 --grow --size=200

reboot

%packages

@base

@core

@server-policy

ipmitool

OpenIPMI

openssh-clients

net-snmp

%post

16、将自定义的kickstart文件与镜像相关联

[root@localhost ~]#   cobbler profile edit --name=Redhat-6.3-x86_64 --distro=Redhat-6.3-x86_64 --kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/redhat-6.3.ks

[root@localhost ~]# cobbler report

17、同步一下cobbler

[root@localhost ~]# cobbler sync

task started: 2014-05-13_082354_sync

task started (id=Sync, time=Tue May 13 08:23:54 2014)

running pre-sync triggers

cleaning trees

removing: /var/www/cobbler/images/Redhat-6.3-x86_64

removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default

removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/efidefault

removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86_64.efi

removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/images

removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86.efi

removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/images/Redhat-6.3-x86_64

removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/s390x/profile_list

copying bootloaders

trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86_64.efi -> /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86_64.efi

trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86.efi -> /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86.efi

copying distros to tftpboot

copying files for distro: Redhat-6.3-x86_64

trying hardlink /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/Redhat-6.3-x86_64/images/pxeboot/vmlinuz -> /var/lib/tftpboot/images/Redhat-6.3-x86_64/vmlinuz

trying hardlink /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/Redhat-6.3-x86_64/images/pxeboot/initrd.img -> /var/lib/tftpboot/images/Redhat-6.3-x86_64/initrd.img

copying images

generating PXE configuration files

generating PXE menu structure

copying files for distro: Redhat-6.3-x86_64

trying hardlink /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/Redhat-6.3-x86_64/images/pxeboot/vmlinuz -> /var/www/cobbler/images/Redhat-6.3-x86_64/vmlinuz

trying hardlink /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/Redhat-6.3-x86_64/images/pxeboot/initrd.img -> /var/www/cobbler/images/Redhat-6.3-x86_64/initrd.img

Writing template files for Redhat-6.3-x86_64

rendering DHCP files

generating /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf

rendering TFTPD files

generating /etc/xinetd.d/tftp

processing boot_files for distro: Redhat-6.3-x86_64

cleaning link caches

running post-sync triggers

running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/*

running python trigger cobbler.modules.sync_post_restart_services

running: dhcpd -t -q

received on stdout:

received on stderr:

running: service dhcpd restart

received on stdout: Shutting down dhcpd: [  OK  ]

Starting dhcpd: [  OK  ]    #必须看到dhcpd进行启动才可以

received on stderr:

running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/*

running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/*

running python trigger cobbler.modules.scm_track

running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/*

*** TASK COMPLETE ***

[root@localhost ~]#

本文出自 “zhanguo1110” 博客，请务必保留此出处http://zhanguo1110.blog.51cto.com/5750817/1411409