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Hadoop Yarn 安装

2024-07-10 07:53:16   227人阅读

环境：Linux, 8G 内存，60G 硬盘 ， Hadoop 2.2.0

为了构建基于Yarn体系的Spark集群，先要安装Hadoop集群，为了以后查阅方便记录了我本次安装的具体步骤。

事前准备

1. 机器准备

三台主机,#后面说明了用途
  • 192.168.1.1   #hadoop1 : master
  • 192.168.1.2   #hadoop2 : datanode1
  • 192.168.1.3   #hadoop3:  datanode2

在hadoop1上， vi /etc/sysconfig/network,修改HOSTNAME=hadoop1
在hadoop2上， vi /etc/sysconfig/network,修改HOSTNAME=hadoop2
在hadoop3上， vi /etc/sysconfig/network,修改HOSTNAME=hadoop3

在三台机器上，在/etc/hosts末尾添加
  • 192.168.1.1   hadoop1
  • 192.168.1.2   hadoop2
  • 192.168.1.3   hadoop3

在hadoop1上， 运行 hostname hadoop1
在hadoop2上， 运行 hostname hadoop2
在hadoop3上， 运行 hostname hadoop3

exit重连之后，hostname 就会变成hadoop[1-3],这样做的好处是ssh hadoop2 会自动解析连接192.168.1.2，方便以后使用。这也是短域名实现的方式。

2. 目录创建

$mkdir -p /hadoop/hdfs$mkdir -p /hadoop/tmp$mkdir -p /hadoop/log$mkdir -p /usr/java                               ###java安装路径$mkdir -p /usr/hadoop                             ###hadoop安装路径$chmod -R 777 /hadoop

可以根据自己的情况确定安装路径。

安装Java

1. 下载JDK，并安装，建议安装JDK 1.7。本次下载 jdk-7u60-linux-x64.tar.gz
http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/index.html

$tar -zxvf jdk-7u60-linux-x64.tar.gz$mv jdk1.7.0_60 java
注释：下载的java 包类型不同，安装略有不同。
2. 配置Java 环境
可以修改/etc/profile,也可以修改自己home目录下的~/.profile(ksh)或者~/.bash_profile(bash)，本次安装是bash，所以在.bash_profile 末尾添加
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/javaexport CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar:/lib/dt.jarexport PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH
使环境立即生效，执行
$source .bash_profile

3. 检查Java是否安装成功

$ java -versionjava version "1.7.0_60"Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.7.0_60-b19)Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 24.60-b09, mixed mode)

配置SSH 无密码登录
hadoop1 上
$ mkdir .ssh$ cd .ssh$ ssh-keygen -t rsaGenerating public/private rsa key pair.Enter file in which to save the key (/export/home/zilzhang/.ssh/id_rsa): Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): Enter same passphrase again: Your identification has been saved in ~/.ssh/id_rsa.Your public key has been saved in ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.The key fingerprint is:b0:76:89:6a:44:8b:cd:fc:23:a4:3f:69:55:3f:83:e3 ...$ ls -lrttotal 2-rw-------   1     887 Jun 30 02:10 id_rsa-rw-r--r--   1     232 Jun 30 02:10 id_rsa.pub$ touch authorized_keys $ cat id_rsa.pub >> authorized_keys
hadoop2和hadoop3上，同样生成公钥和私钥。
[hadoop2]$ mv id_rsa.pub pub2[hadoop3]$ mv id_rsa.pub pub3

把pub2,pub3都scp到hadoop1上,然后
$ cat pub2 >> authorized_keys$ cat pub3 >> authorized_keys

把authorized_keys scp到hadoop2和hadoop3上，这样就可以免密码登录了。
 一言以蔽之，就是在每台node上生成公钥和私钥，把所有公钥的内容汇总成authorized_keys，并把authorized_keys分发到集群所有node上相同的目录，这样每个node都拥有整个集群node的公钥，互相之间就可以免密码登录了。

验证免密码登录，在hadoop1上：
$ ssh haoop1ssh: Could not resolve hostname haoop1: Name or service not known[zilzhang@hadoop3 hadoop]$ ssh hadoop1The authenticity of host 'hadoop1 (192.168.1.1)' can't be established.RSA key fingerprint is 18:85:c6:50:0c:15:36:9c:55:34:d7:ab:0e:1c:c7:0f.Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yesWarning: Permanently added 'hadoop1' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.        #################################################################        #                                                               #        #       This system is for the use of authorized users only.    #        #       Individuals using this computer system without          #        #       authority, or in excess of their authority, are         #        #       subject to having all of their activities on this       #        #       system monitored and recorded by system personnel.      #        #                                                               #        #       In the course of monitoring individuals improperly      #        #       using this system, or in the course of system           #        #       maintenance, the activities of authorized users         #        #       may also be monitored.                                  #        #                                                               #        #       Anyone using this system expressly consents to such     #        #       monitoring and is advised that if such monitoring       #        #       reveals possible evidence of criminal activity,         #        #       system personnel may provide the evidence of such       #        #       monitoring to law enforcement officials.                #        #                                                               #        #       This system/database contains restricted data.          #        #                                                               #        #################################################################[hadoop1 ~]$

 安装Hadoop
1. 下载与解压(所有节点)
$ wget http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/apache/hadoop/common/hadoop-2.2.0/hadoop-2.2.0.tar.gz $ tar -zxvf hadoop-2.2.0.tar.gz$ mv hadoop-2.2.0 /usr/hadoop

一下都运行在haoop1上
2. 配置环境变量，在.bash_profile末尾添加

export HADOOP_HOME=/usr/hadoop
export HADOOP_MAPARED_HOME=${HADOOP_HOME}
export HADOOP_COMMON_HOME=${HADOOP_HOME}
export HADOOP_HDFS_HOME=${HADOOP_HOME}
export YARN_HOME=${HADOOP_HOME}
export HADOOP_CONF_DIR=${HADOOP_HOME}/etc/hadoop
export HDFS_CONF_DIR=${HADOOP_HOME}/etc/hadoop
export YARN_CONF_DIR=${HADOOP_HOME}/etc/hadoop
export PATH=$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/sbin:$PATH

source .bash_profile
3. $HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop/hadoop-env.sh,末尾添加
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/java

4. $HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop/core-site.xml 添加

<property>
 <name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
 <value>/hadoop/tmp</value>
 <description>A base for other temporary directories.</description>
</property>
 <property>
 <name>fs.default.name</name>
 <value>hdfs://192.168.1.1:9000</value>
</property>
5. $HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop/slaves 内容变为（datanode)
192.168.1.2
192.168.1.3

6. $HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop/hdfs-site.xml 添加
<property>
 <name>dfs.replication</name>
 <value>3</value>
</property>
 
<property>
 <name>dfs.namenode.name.dir</name>
 <value>file:/hadoop/hdfs/name</value>
 <final>true</final>
</property>
 
<property>
 <name>dfs.federation.nameservice.id</name>
 <value>ns1</value>
</property>
 
<property>
 <name>dfs.namenode.backup.address.ns1</name>
 <value>192.168.1.1:50100</value>
</property>
 
<property>
 <name>dfs.namenode.backup.http-address.ns1</name>
 <value>192.168.1.1:50105</value>
</property>
 
<property>
 <name>dfs.federation.nameservices</name>
 <value>ns1</value>
</property>
 
<property>
 <name>dfs.namenode.rpc-address.ns1</name>
 <value>192.168.1.1:9000</value>
</property>
<property>
 <name>dfs.namenode.rpc-address.ns2</name>
 <value>192.168.1.1:9000</value>
</property>
 
<property>
 <name>dfs.namenode.http-address.ns1</name>
 <value>192.168.1.1:23001</value>
</property>
 
<property>
 <name>dfs.namenode.http-address.ns2</name>
 <value>192.168.1.1:13001</value>
</property>
 
<property>
 <name>dfs.dataname.data.dir</name>
 <value>file:/hadoop/hdfs/data</value>
 <final>true</final>
</property>
 
<property>
 <name>dfs.namenode.secondary.http-address.ns1</name>
 <value>192.168.1.1:23002</value>
</property>
 
<property>
 <name>dfs.namenode.secondary.http-address.ns2</name>
 <value>192.168.1.1:23002</value>
</property>
 
<property>
 <name>dfs.namenode.secondary.http-address.ns1</name>
 <value>192.168.1.1:23003</value>
</property>
 
<property>
 <name>dfs.namenode.secondary.http-address.ns2</name>
 <value>192.168.1.1:23003</value>
</property>

7. $HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop/yarn-site.xml 添加
<property>
 <name>yarn.resourcemanager.address</name>
 <value>192.168.1.1:18040</value>
</property>
 
<property>
 <name>yarn.resourcemanager.scheduler.address</name>
 <value>192.168.1.1:18030</value>
</property>
 
<property>
 <name>yarn.resourcemanager.webapp.address</name>
 <value>192.168.1.1:50030</value>
</property>
 
<property>
 <name>yarn.resourcemanager.resource-tracker.address</name>
 <value>192.168.1.1:18025</value>
</property>
 
<property>
 <name>yarn.resourcemanager.admin.address</name>
 <value>192.168.1.1:18141</value>
</property>
 
<property>
 <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>
 <value>mapreduce.shuffle</value>
</property>
8. $HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop/httpfs-site.xml 添加
<property>
 <name>hadoop.proxyuser.root.hosts</name>
 <value>192.168.1.1</value>
</property>
 <property>
 <name>hadoop.proxyuser.root.groups</name>
 <value>*</value>
</property>

9. $HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop/mapred-site.xml 添加
<property>
   <name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>
   <value>yarn</value>
   <description>Execution framework set to Hadoop YARN.</description>
</property>
这个是说明把job放到yarn 上去跑。
10. 配置同步到其他datanode上
$ scp ~/.bash_profile hadoop2:~/.bash_profile$ scp $HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop/hadoop-env.sh hadoop2:$HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop/$ scp $HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop/core-site.xml hadoop2:$HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop/$ scp $HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop/slaves hadoop2:$HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop/$ scp $HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop/hdfs-site.xml hadoop2:$HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop/$ scp $HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop/yarn-site.xml hadoop2:$HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop/$ scp $HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop/httpfs-site.xml hadoop2:$HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop/$ scp $HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop/mapred-site.xml hadoop2:$HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop/

把hadoop2改成hadoop3,，把配置同步到hadoop3上
启动Hadoop集群
1. 格式化

hadoop namenode -format

2. 启动hdfs

start-dfs.sh

3. 启动yarn

start-yarn.sh

4. 启动httpfs

httpfs.sh start

测试hadoop集群
1. hadoop1,看看进程是否已经开启
$ jps8606 NameNode4640 Bootstrap17007 Jps16077 ResourceManager8781 SecondaryNameNode
这些进程必须都有
2. 在hadoop2 上看进程是否开启
$ jps5992 Jps5422 NodeManager3292 DataNode
这些进程必须都有
3. hadoop fs -ls /    看是否可以列出文件
4. 测试hadoop job
hadoop jar $HADOOP_HOME/share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-examples-2.2.0.jar wordcount /input /output7
如果运行正常，可以再job monitor页面看到job运行状况。


总结：在安装过程中会遇到各种问题，这里不一一列示，以免太过啰嗦。































        

            
                
                  
                
                

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