个人感觉代码还算精简，比较容易混淆的一点是，board[] 数组，数组下表指的是八皇后棋盘的行，数组下标对应的值指的是八皇后棋盘的列，至于abs()可以去百度，是一个求绝对值的函数

#include <iostream>
using namespace std ;
#define N 8
static int sum = 0 ;
const int max = N ;
void print (int board []) {
	for(int i = 0 ;i < max ;i++) {
		cout <<board[i]+1<<"  " ;
	}
	cout<<endl; 
	sum ++ ;
}
bool judge (int board[], int x ) {
	for (int i = 0 ; i< x ;i++) {
		if(board [i] == board[x] || abs(board[i] - board[x]) == (x-i)) {
			return false ;
		}
	}
	return true ;
}
void Queen (int board[] , int x) {
	if (x == max) {
		print (board) ;
		return ;
	}
	for (int i =0 ; i<max ;i++) {
		board [x] = i;
		if(judge(board, x)) {
			Queen(board,x+1) ;
		}
	}
}
int main () {
	int board[max] ;
	Queen(board , 0 ) ;
	cout << "total is :"<<sum ;
	return 0 ;
}

八皇后回溯递归 40行不到