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积累的VC编程小技巧之工具条和状态条

1.工具条和状态条中控件的添加:

方法⑴.只能在ToolBar里创建控件:首先,在ToolBar中创建一个Button,其ID为ID_TOOL_COMBO(我们要将创建的控件放在该Button的位置上).

其次,新创建一个类CMainToolBar,要从CToolBar继承(创建过程大概如下:选择工程/增加到工程/新的类;也可以选择工程的根,然后点击右键,选择新的类;或者CTL+W,选择增加类/新的类 --- 然后在class type里选择Generic Class,在Name栏里输入新类的名字,Base class里输入CToolBar[u1]),创建成功后在该类里创建要增加的控件的对象,如:

CComboBox        m_wndMyCombo;

CStatic          m_wndCategory, m_wndCategoryPath;

CButton          m_wndOpenButton;

Cedit                  m_wndEdit;

然后在构造函数里初始化如:

m_wndMyCombo.m_hWnd = NULL;

m_wndCategory.m_hWnd = NULL;

m_wndCategoryPath.m_hWnd = NULL;

m_wndOpenButton.m_hWnd = NULL;

m_wndEdit.m_hWnd = NULL;

接着在CMainframe的头文件里创建CMainToolBar的一个对象m_wndToolBar,最后在.cpp文件的OnCreate函数的最后实现如下:

       int index = 0;

       CRect rect;   // 可定义在头文件当中

       //  ComboBox

       {

              //找到指定的工具项

              while(m_wndToolBar.GetItemID(index)!=ID_TOOL_COMBO)

                     index++;

 

              //设置指定工具项的宽度并获取新的区域  120是宽度

              m_wndToolBar.SetButtonInfo(index, ID_TOOL_COMBO, TBBS_SEPARATOR, 120);

              m_wndToolBar.GetItemRect(index, &rect);

             

              //设置位置

              rect.top+=1;

              rect.bottom += 200;

             

              // 创建并显示控件

              if(!m_wndToolBar.m_wndMyCombo.Create(WS_CHILD|WS_VISIBLE| CBS_AUTOHSCROLL|

                     CBS_DROPDOWNLIST | CBS_HASSTRINGS , rect, &m_wndToolBar, ID_TOOL_COMBO))

              { 

                     TRACE0("Failed to create combo-box\n");

                     return FALSE;

              }

              m_wndToolBar.m_wndMyCombo.ShowWindow(SW_SHOW);

             

              //填充内容   

              m_wndToolBar.m_wndMyCombo.AddString("25%");

              m_wndToolBar.m_wndMyCombo.AddString("50%");

              m_wndToolBar.m_wndMyCombo.AddString("75%");

      

              //选择默认项

              m_wndToolBar.m_wndMyCombo.SetCurSel(0);

             

              //获取到内容并MSGBOX显示出来

              CString strContent;

              m_wndToolBar.m_wndMyCombo.GetWindowText(strContent);

 

              index = 0;

       }

其他控件都类似创建(只需要注意一下各自的Create函数的参数即可)。

方法⑵.这种方法创建不太容易控制:直接在CMainframe的头文件中创建要增加的控件的对象,如CButton      的对象m_wndAboutButton,然后创建CToolBar或者CstatusBar的对象,如:CstatusBar的对象_wndStatusBar;再增加几个函数如下:

Protected:

virtual void RecalcLayout(BOOL bNotify = TRUE);

       afx_msg void CMainFrame::OnViewStatusBar();

接着在.cpp文件中将StatusBar的ID和OnViewStatusBar 函数绑定在一起,如下所示:BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(CMainFrame, CFrameWnd)

           //  {{AFX_MSG_MAP(CMainFrame)

           ON_COMMAND(ID_VIEW_STATUS_BAR, OnViewStatusBar)

        ON_WM_CREATE()

              //  }}AFX_MSG_MAP

              END_MESSAGE_MAP()

然后Create函数的最后(返回值之前)实现如下代码:

CRect rc;

       VERIFY(m_wndAboutButton.Create(_T("MyAbout"),

                 WS_VISIBLE,rc,this,ID_APP_ABOUT));

 

       // TODO: Remove this if you don‘t want tool tips or a resizeable toolbar

       m_wndToolBar.SetBarStyle(m_wndToolBar.GetBarStyle() |

       CBRS_TOOLTIPS | CBRS_FLYBY | CBRS_SIZE_DYNAMIC);

再在RecalcLayout函数里实现:

CRect rc;

if (m_wndStatusBar.m_hWnd)

{

              m_wndStatusBar.GetWindowRect(&rc);

              ScreenToClient(&rc);

              rc.right -= 50;

              m_wndStatusBar.SetWindowPos(NULL,rc.left,rc.top,rc.Width(),rc.Height(),

SWP_NOZORDER);

 

              rc.left = rc.right;

              rc.right += 50;

              m_wndStatusBar.SetWindowPos(NULL,rc.left,rc.top,rc.Width(),rc.Height(),

SWP_NOZORDER);

       }

最后在OnViewStatusBar()里实现:

BOOL bShow = m_wndStatusBar.GetStyle() & WS_VISIBLE;

m_wndAboutButton.SetWindowPos(NULL, 0, 0, 0, 0, SWP_NOZORDER|SWP_NOMOVE|SWP_NOSIZE|SWP_NOACTIVATE|

(bShow ? SWP_SHOWWINDOW : SWP_HIDEWINDOW));

ToolBar中的创建与此相同,只需更改一下句柄即可

 

2.使工具条上的按钮点击一次为按下,再点击才弹起

bCheck=m_RtfEditToolBar.GetToolBarCtrl().IsButtonChecked(ID_TB_BOLD);

m_RtfEditToolBar.GetToolBarCtrl().CheckButton(ID_TB_BOLD, !bCheck);

 

3.如何隐藏工具栏

添加如下两个函数
隐藏:
void CMainFrame::OnHide() 
{
    if(m_wndToolBar.IsWindowVisible())
        m_wndToolBar.ModifyStyle(WS_VISIBLE,0);
    SendMessage(WM_SIZE);
}

显示:
void CMainFrame::OnShow() 
{
    if(!m_wndToolBar.IsWindowVisible())
        m_wndToolBar.ModifyStyle(0,WS_VISIBLE);
    SendMessage(WM_SIZE);
}

 

4.如何动态获取工具条指针并给工具条加标题?

[问题提出]

工具条也是窗口,是窗口就有标题,如何给工具条加标题?
[程序实现]
不想动态改变工具条的标题就在CMainFrame::OnCreate()中:
int CMainFrame::OnCreate(LPCREATESTRUCT lpCreateStruct)
{
 ......
 m_wndToolBar.SetWindowText(_T("Standdard"));

 return 0;
 }
 若想动态改变工具条的标题,如下:
 声明一个菜单,并响应事件,如响应:OnMyToolBar()函数

 void CMainFrame::OnMyToolBar() 
 {
 // TODO: Add your command handler code here
CToolBar *pToolBar = (CToolBar *)AfxGetMainWnd()->GetDescendantWindow(AFX_IDW_TOOLBAR); 
pToolBar->SetWindowText (_T("Standdard"));
}
不要在TooBar悬浮时做OnMyToolBar()会出错的. 
顺便提一下如何获得状态条的指针:
CStatusBar * pStatusBar =(CStatusBar *)AfxGetMainWnd()->GetDescendantWindow(AFX_IDW_STATUS_BAR);

 

5.在状态条中显示鼠标的设备坐标与逻辑坐标

显示器的设备坐标系的原点在客户区的左上角,x轴向右增长,y轴向下增长。我们要设置的逻辑坐标系的原点则在客户区的中心,x轴向右增长,y轴向上增长,如一个笛卡尔坐标系一般。

为CChildView添加一个成员函数void OnPrepareDC(CDC * pDC, CPrintInfo * pInfo = NULL);

void OnPrepareDC(CDC * pDC, CPrintInfo * pInfo){
  CRect rect;

  // 设置映射模式为LOMETRIC (0.1mm),右上为增长方向
  pDC->SetMapMode (MM_LOMETRIC);

  // 将坐标原点定在客户区的中心
  GetClientRect(rect);
  pDC->SetViewportOrg(rect.Width()/2, rect.Height()/2);
}
为CChildView响应鼠标移动消息,并在状态条中显示鼠标的坐标值。m_ptMouse数据成员是原打算做十字交叉线用的,在此使用没有实际意义。

void CChildView::OnMouseMove(UINT nFlags, CPoint point){
  CClientDC dc(this);
  CString str;
  
  OnPrepareDC(&dc);

  //要访问类CMainFrame,需要将mainfrm.h文件引入
  CMainFrame * pFrame = (CMainFrame *) AfxGetApp()->m_pMainWnd;

  //要访问CMainFrame的数据成员m_wndStatusBar,需要手工修改mainfrm.h,public这个数据成员
  CStatusBar * pStatus = (CStatusBar *) &pFrame->m_wndStatusBar;
  
  m_ptMouse = point;
  str.Format ("设备坐标 X=%i pixel, Y=%i pixel", m_ptMouse.x, m_ptMouse.y);
  pStatus->SetPaneText(1, str);
  
  dc.DPtoLP(&m_ptMouse);
  str.Format ("逻辑坐标 X=%i * 0.1mm, Y=%i * 0.1mm", m_ptMouse.x, m_ptMouse.y);
  pStatus->SetPaneText(2, str);
}

 

6.如何更新状态条上的现实内容

By default, a CStatusBar pane is not enabled when the pane is created. To activate a pane, you must call the ON_UPDATE_COMMAND_UI() macro for each pane on the status bar and update the panes. Because panes do not send WM_COMMAND messages, you cannot use ClassWizard to activate panes; you must type the code manually. For example, suppose one pane has ID_INDICATOR_PAGE as its identifier and that it contains the current page number in a document. To make the ID_INDICATOR_PAGE pane display text, add the following to a header file (probably the MAINFRM.H file):

afx_msg void OnUpdatePage(CCmdUI *pCmdUI);

Add the following to the application message map:

ON_UPDATE_COMMAND_UI(ID_INDICATOR_PAGE, OnUpdatePage)

Add the following to a source code file (probably MAINFRM.CPP):

void CMainFrame::OnUpdatePage(CCmdUI *pCmdUI)
{
    pCmdUI->Enable();
}

To display text in the panes, either call SetPaneText() or call CCmdUI::SetText() in the OnUpdate() function. For example, you might want to set up an integer variable m_nPage that contains the current page number. Then, the OnUpdatePage() function might read as follows:

void CMainFrame::OnUpdatePage(CCmdUI *pCmdUI)
{
    pCmdUI->Enable();
    char szPage[16];
    wsprintf((LPSTR)szPage, "Page %d", m_nPage);
    pCmdUI->SetText((LPSTR)szPage);
}

This technique causes the page number to appear in the pane during idle processing in the same manner that the application updates other indicators.